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1、UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATIONSection B Reading and Thinking,核心词汇 词汇一 determine vt. 查明；确定；决定教材原句However，some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space. 然而，一些科学家决心帮助人类实现探索太空的梦想。要点必记determine to do sth. 决定/ 决心做某事determine on（doing）sth. 决定（做）某事determine sb. to do sth. 使某人
2、下决心做某事,题组练领悟方法,词语积累determined adj. 坚决的；有决心的be determined to do sth. 决心做某事be determined that. 决心determination n. 决心；决定with determination 坚决地,单句语法填空（1） I have determined going to the countryside after graduating from college. （2） He is （determine）to take good care of his parents from now on. （3） The （
3、determine）expression on her face suggested that she wouldnt change her mind. （4） Helen was a strong girl and she finally achieved her dream with great _（determine）.,on,determined,determined,determination,单句写作（5） He _（下定决心好好利用）this chance to learn more about the Chinese culture. （6）Paul was fond of C
4、hinese culture，so he_（ 决定定居）in China.,was determined to make good use of,determined to settle,词汇二 succeed in doing sth. 成功地做某事教材原句After many experiments，they succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earths gravity. 经过多次实验后，他们成功地制造出能够逃脱地球引力的火箭。要点必记succeed sb. as. 接替某人担任 succeed to sth. 继承（王位等） 词
5、语积累success n.U成功；C成功的人（或事） successful adj. 成功的 successfully adv. 成功地,单句语法填空（1） He succeeded in （pass）the entrance examination and was admitted to Peking University. （2） Im sure that David is to succeed him chairman. 单句写作（3） I never thought such a little child could （成功地解决）such a difficult problem. （
6、4） Li Ming studied very hard，so he （成功通过）the college entrance examination. （5） Who do you think will （继承）Mr Lis company?,passing,as,succeed in dealing with,succeeded in,succeed to,词汇三 make sure 确保；查明，弄清楚教材原句Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong，accidents can still happen. 尽管科学家们试图确
7、保不出差错，但事故仍有可能发生。要点必记make sure（that）.确保； 弄清楚 make sure of（doing）sth.确保； 弄清楚,单句语法填空（1） A novelist should make sure the description in a novel will attract the readers. （2） Youd better make sure the exact time of the arriving train. （3） She is not sure his getting his diploma. （4） Be sure （design）a bea
8、utiful airport. 单句写作（5） My assistant will help me （弄清楚） the time of the flight. （6）He （一定会）get nervous and say something stupid.,that,of,of,to design,make sure of,is sure to,词汇四 disappointed adj. 失望的；沮丧的教材原句These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed，but the desire to explore the universe nev
9、er died. 这些灾难使每个人都感到悲伤和失望，但探索宇宙的欲望从未消失。要点必记be disappointed in/with sb. 对某人失望be disappointed at/about sth. 对某事失望be disappointed to do sth. 对做某事感到失望,词语积累disappoint vt. 使失望disappointing adj. 令人失望的 disappointment n. 失望to ones disappointment 令某人失望的是一言辨异The disappointing news that he failed the exam made
10、him very disappointed. 他没有通过考试，这令人沮丧的消息让他感到非常失望。,单句语法填空（1） Although I was _I couldnt keep the toys，I was somewhat proud to take them back. （2） To my （disappoint），his behaviour cause some misunderstanding between us. （3） The teacher is disappointed Tonys attitude towards study. （4）We were greatly dis
11、appointed （know）that she was absent. （5） The fans were disappointed the film star when they learned some negative news about him on the website. （6）The fans looked quite （disappoint）when they heard the _（disappoint）result.,disappointed,disappointment,at/about,to know,in/with,disappointed,disappointi
12、ng,单句写作（7）The workers （失望地发现） that they couldnt understand the instructions on the machine. （8）We （对感到失望）your previous behaviour,were disappointed to find,are disappointed at/about,词汇五 desire（1）n. 渴望；欲望（2）vt. 渴望；期望要点必记（have）a desire to do（有）做的渴望（have）a desire for（有）做的渴望desire to do. 渴望做 误区警示desire t
13、hat + 主语+（should+）动词原形 希望（desire 后的主语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“should+ 动词原形”，should 可以省略）,归纳拓展后跟名词性从句，从句谓语用“（should+） 动词原形”的动词： 一个“坚持”（insist）； 两道“命令”（order，command）； 四条“建议”（suggest，propose，advise， recommend）； 五点“ 要求”（demand，desire，request， require，urge）,单句语法填空 （1） He desires （join）the army and devot
14、e himself to the country. （2） Several people have expressed a desire （see）the report. （3）2019重庆巴蜀中学高一期末Fashion is a competitive and hard business where peoples desire new ideas is hard to satisfy. （4） At yesterdays meeting，the manager desired that the project _（ finish）on time.,to join,to see,for,(s
15、hould）be finished,单句写作（5） I （不想惹任何麻烦），so I keep away from Jackson.,have no desire to cause any trouble,词汇六 carry on 继续做，坚持干教材原句This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks. 这是因为尽管有很大的风险，人们依旧相信继续太空探索的重要性。要点必记carry on sth. 从事某事 carry on with
16、sth. 继续某事 carry on doing sth. 继续做某事归纳拓展carry out 进行；贯彻；执行；实施 carry through 顺利实现carry off 赢得；成功地对付 carry forward 成功地进行,单句语法填空 （1） Having read stories of Lin Qiaozhi，the girl was determined to carry with her good work. 用carry 短语的适当形式填空（2） Although faced with so many difficulties，they still their resea
17、rch. （3） The support of her mother Jane Goodall and she devoted herself to the study of chimps. （4） He gave himself a new name to hide his identity when he went to the secret task. （5） The team will have to without Professor Smith.,on,carry on with,carried,through,carry out,carry on,词汇七 on board 在宇宙
18、飞船上；在船上；在飞机上教材原句It orbits Earth and has astronauts from different countries on board. 它环绕地球运行，空间站里有来自不同国家的宇航员 要点必记take sth. on board 考虑某事学法点拨on board 是介词短语，在句中可作表语或定语。,词语辨析board，broad 与abroad board n. 板子；布告牌；黑板；委员会v. 登上（船、飞机、火车、公共汽车等） broad adj. 宽的；广阔的abroad adv. 在国外；到国外at abroad 在国外go abroad 去国外,单句
19、写作（1） Some of the ships even had earth （在船上）so that the sailors could grow their own crops for food. （2） The plane had more than 120 passengers and crew （在飞机上）when it suddenly disappeared.,on board,on board,辨析填空（board/broad/abroad） （3） Many schools there have started using white and projectors in cl
20、asses. （4） They were looking for anyone on who knew sign language. （5）With many Chinese now traveling for Spring Festival，their choice of destinations has expanded along with their growing interest in foreign cultures and services. （6）How did the soldier cross the river last night?,boards,board,abro
21、ad,broad,词汇八 independently adv. 独立地；自立地教材原句China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003. 中国在2003 年成为世界上第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家 要点必记work independently 独立工作 live independently 独自生活词语积累independent adj. 独立的；自主的 be independent of 不依赖；独立于之外independence n. 独立 independ
22、ence from 独立于depend on 依靠；信赖；取决于 be dependent on 依赖；取决于,单句语法填空（1） Not only my spoken English，but also my ability to live _（ independent）has been improved a lot. （2） All living things depend the sun for their growth. （3） Susan wanted to be independent her parents. She tried living alone，but she didnt
23、 like it and moved back home. （4） A study abroad program can teach students _（independent） and important life skills.,independently,on,of,independence,单句写作（5） Now that you have grown up，you should （不依赖）your parents. （6）Many countries left and （独立于）the empire in the 20th century.,be independent of,wa
24、s/became independent from,词汇九 signal（1）vt. & vi. 标志着；标明；发信号 （2）n. 信号；标志；信号灯教材原句This signalled one step further in Chinas plan to establish a space station in the future. 这标志着中国在未来建立一个空间站的计划又向前迈进了一步。要点必记signal to sb. 示意某人；向某人发信号 signal to sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事send out a signal 发出信号 a danger signal 危
25、险信号a warning signal 警告信号 an alarm signal 报警信号a clear signal 清晰的信号 receive/pick up a signal 接收信号,词语辨析signal，sign，symbol 与 mark signal 信号；暗号sign 迹象；征兆；标牌symbol 象征；标志mark 标记；记号,单句语法填空（1） The police seems to be （signal）to us with his arm. （2） In order not to be heard，she pointed her finger upwards （ sig
26、nal）that someone was moving about upstairs. （3） The far side of the moon is a rare quiet place that is free from interference from radio _（signal）from Earth. （4） In our class，when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book，it was _ signal for everyone to stand up. （5） The judge signaled a police
27、officer and the man was led away.,signaling,to signal,signals,a,to,辨析填空（signal/sign/symbol/mark） （6）In Chinese culture，red is the of luck and happiness. （7）You can make a where you cant understand. （8）Chest pains can be a warning of heart problems. （9）He walked up and down，a sure of becoming impatie
28、nt.,symbol,mark,signal,sign,词汇十 in the hope of doing sth. 抱着的希望教材原句Mankind is exploring space in the hope of finding out more about the universe. 人类正在探索太空，希望能更多地了解宇宙。学法点拨in the hope of 希望（of 是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语） 归纳拓展in the hope that/in hopes that. 希望 （that 引导同位语从句，进一步补充说明hope/hopes 的具体内容）,单句写作（1） I a
29、m writing to you （希望） you can lend me some money because mine is running out. （2） Bob and his young brother came to New York _ （希望找到）well-paid jobs to support themselves. （3） Her parents sent her abroad （希望）she could get a better education.,in the hope that,in the hope of finding,in the hope that,词汇
30、十一 lead to 引起，导致；通向，通往教材原句If there is a mistake during the launch，it can lead to an accident that kills everyone on board. 如果在发射过程中有错误，它可能导致事故，杀死机上的每个人。误区警示 lead to 中的to 是介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。归纳拓展（1）近义词组：contribute to，result in （2）以介词to 结尾的动词短语： look forward to 盼望；期待 get down to 认真做某事devote. to 致力于；奉献
31、于 be addicted to 对上瘾 be/get/become used/accustomed to 习惯于,单句语法填空（1） Many of these chemicals can lead cancer or other illnesses. （2） The new evidence led to him _（arrest）by the police. （3） When they catch the light，ONB groups fall off the polymer，leading its breakdown. （4） Many graduates clearly do c
32、ontribute national wealth，but so do all the businesses that invest and create jobs. （5）2018全国卷Experts say its an invaluable social practice that results _ big benefits.,to,being arrested,to,to,in,单句翻译（6）俗话说，条条大路通罗马。 _,Just as the saying goes，all roads lead to Rome.,词汇十二 so as to（do sth.）为了，以便（表示目的）
33、教材原句In space，astronauts collect all dirty water so as to recycle it for later use. 在太空中， 宇航员收集所有的污水，以便回收利用。要点必记动词不定式的一个主要作用，是在句中作目的状语。in order to 或so as to 则使“目的”更加明确。 so as to 一般不放在句首，否定形式是so as not to。 in order to 可以放在句首或句中，否定形式是in order not to。,句型转换（1） Robert got up early this morning so that he
34、could catch the first bus. Robert got up early this morning the first bus. 单句写作（2） （为了找到）the missing child，the villagers have been doing all they can over the past five hours. （3） He worked extra hours （为了完成）the task ahead of time. （4）We have got to set out early in the morning （为了）get to the compan
35、y on time. （5） （为了不被打扰），he spent three hours locked in his study.,in order to catch/so as to catch,In order to find,in order to finish/so as to finish,in order to/so as to,In order not to be disturbed,重点句式 句式一 sb./sth. be/become the first. to do. 某人/ 某物是第一个做的 教材原句Yuri Gagarin became the first person
36、 in the world to go into space. 尤里加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。句式分析句中的to go into space 是不定式短语作后置定语，修饰person。句型sb./sth. be the first. to do. 意为“某人/ 某物是第一个做的”。归纳拓展序数词或被序数词及形容词最高级等修饰的名词后跟动词时，通常用不定式作定语。,单句语法填空（1） He is always the last （leave）the classroom. （2） Lang Ping became the first person in volleyball （win）a
37、n Olympic gold medal as both a player and a coach. （3） The girl is the best person （finish）the whole work. 单句写作（4） She is （第一个工作的女性） in the desert. （5）William is （最不可能说谎 的人）.,to leave,to win,to finish,the first woman to work,the last person to tell a lie,句式二 This is because. 这是因为 教材原句This is because
38、 people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks. 这是因为尽管有很大的风险人们依旧相信继续探索太空的重要性。句式分析本句是一个复合句。句中的because 引导的是表语从句，也可写成It/That is/was because.，意为“它/ 那是因为”， because 引导表语从句，后接原因。,单句语法填空（1） He fell asleep during the lecture. This was he got bored with it. （2） The r
39、eason why Henry missed the bus was he got up late. （3） Alice was too careless. That is she failed in the examination. 单句写作（4） From space，the earth looks blue. （这是因为）about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water. （5） He admitted that his father was strict with him_ （那就是为什么）he made so m
40、any achievements.,because,that,why,This is because,That is why,句式三 enable sb./sth. to do sth. 使某人/ 某物能做某事教材原句.scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us to understand how the universe began. 科学家们还是希望未来的发现不仅能使我们了解宇宙是如何诞生的 句式分析本句是一个复合句，hope 后是省略了that 的宾语从句，宾语从句中又含有how 引导的宾语从句。要点必记enabl
41、e sb. to do sth. 使某人能够做某事（不定式作宾语补足语） enable better communication 使沟通更顺畅,单句翻译（1） 飞机使人们能够很快地进行远距离旅行。_ （2） 来自大学的支持使得这位教授有能力探索新技术。 _ （3） 先进的科学技术使我们与别人交流起来更容易。_ （4） 社会活动可以使学生对我们的社会了解得更多。 _,Airplanes/Planes enable people to travel great distances rapidly.,The support from the university enabled the professor to explore new technologies.,The advanced technology enables us to communicate with others more easily.,Social activities enable students to learn more about our society.,完成“综合练提升能力”中的题目,综合练提升能力,
