北京英文导游词5篇.doc

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1、北京英文导游词5篇 北京的英文导游词怎么写?以下是为大家整理的北京英文导游词5篇，供大家参考学习。北京英文导游词1Peking Man was discovered in Zhoukoudian village, on the Longgu Mountain, Fangshan district, Beijing, which was listed as a world cultural heritage site in 1987. In the 1920s archaeologists discovered a complete skull of an ape-man dating back

2、 600,000 years which was later named as Peking Man. Stone tools and evidence of Peking Mans use of fire were later found on the mountain. Studies have shown that Peking Man walked on his feet and lived 690,000 years ago. His society lived in groups in caves and survived by hunting. The group could m

3、ake use of rough stone tools and knew how to use fire for heating and cooking.The discovery included six complete skulls of Peking Man, 12 skull fragments, 15 mandibles(1), 157 teeth and some sections of broken femur(2), shinbone(3), and upper arm bones belonging to more than 40 individuals of diffe

4、rent ages and sexes. In addition 100,000 fragments of stone tools were found together with sites used for fire and burnt bones and stones.Peking Man created a unique Old Stone Culture which had much influence to the Old Stone Culture of north China. Stone tools are the principal relics of this remot

5、e culture. Also discovered in Zhoukoudian are stone points, a new production tool then, and bone articles made and used by Peking Man. Found in the caves were such tools as the larger end of an antler that had been used as a hammer and the sharp end of an antler used as a digging tool. The use of fi

6、re was a milestone of the development of civilization and the discovery of Peking Man has pushed back the time that man first used it by tens of thousands of years. The largest ash pile discovered in the caves is six meters thick. Fire allowed people to eat cooked food instead of raw food and promot

7、ed the development of the brain and improved health. With his rough tools and simple living conditions Peking man created a unique and very ancient culture.Included in the UNESCO(4) world heritage list in 1987.北京英文导游词2Tiananmen( the Gate of Heavenly Peace), is located in the center of Beijing. It wa

8、s first built in 1417 and named Chengtianmen( the Gate of Heavenly Succession). At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war. When it was rebuilt under the Qing in 1651, it was renamed Tiananmen, and served as the main entrance to the Imperial City, the administrative and resident

9、ial quarters for court officials and retainers. The southern sections of the Imperial City wall still stand on both sides of the Gate. The tower at the top of the gate is nine-room wide and five room deep. According to the Book of Changes, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the

10、supreme status of a sovereign.During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Tiananmen was the place where state ceremonies took place. The most important one of them was the issuing of imperial edicts, which followed these steps:1) The Minister of Rites would receive the edict in Taihedian( Hall of Supreme Ha

11、rmony), where the Emperor was holding his court. The minister would then carry the decree on a yunpan( tray of cloud), and withdraw from the hall via Taihemen( Gate of supreme Harmony)2) The Minister would put the tray in a miniature longting( dragon pavilion). Beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it

12、 via Wumen( Meridian Gate), to Tiananmen Gate tower.3) A courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict. The civil and military officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower would prostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decree to the proclaimed.4) The

13、 courtier would then put the edict in a phoenix-shaped wooden box and lower it from the tower by means of a silk cord. The document would finally be carried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the Ministry of Rites.5) The edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the wh

14、ole country.Such a process was historically recorded as “ Imperial Edict Issued by Golden Phoenix”.During the Ming and Qing dynasties Tiananmen was the most important passage. It was this gate that the Emperor and his retinue would go through on their way to the altars for ritual and religious activ

15、ities.On the Westside of Tiananmen stands ZhongshanPark( Dr. Sun Yat-sens Park), and on the east side, the Working Peoples Cultural Palave. The Park was formerly called Shejitan( Altar of Land and Grain), built in 1420 for offering sacrificial items to the God of Land. It was opened to the public as

16、 a park in 1914 and its name was changed in 1928 to the present one in memory of the great pioneer of the Chinese Democratic Revolution.The Working Peoples Cultural Palace used to be Taimiao( the Supreme Ancestral Temple), where tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept.The stream in front o

17、f Tiananmen is called Waijinshuihe( Outer Golden River),with seven marble bridges spanning over it . Of these seven bridges,historical records say the middle one was for the exclusive use of the emperor and was accordingly called Yuluqiao( Imperial Bridge). The bridges flanking it on either side wer

18、e meant for the members of the royal family and were therefore called Wanggongqiao( Royals Bridges). Farther away on each side of the two were bridges for officials ranking above the third order and were named Pinjiqiao( ministerial Bridges). The remaining two bridges were for the use by the retinue

19、 below the third order and wre called Gongshengqiao( common Bridges). They anr the one in front of the Supreme Ancestral Temple to the east and the one in front of the Altar of land and Grain to the west.The two stone lions by the Gate of Tiananmen, one on each side were meant as sentries. They gaze

20、 toward the middle axis, guarding the emperors walkway. In front of the gate stands a pair of marble columns called Huabiao. They are elaborately cut in bas-relief following the pattern of a legendary dragon. Behind the gate stands another pair of similar columns. The story of Huabiao may be traced

21、to a couple of sources. One of the versions accredits its invention to one of the Chinese sage kings named Yao, who was said to have set up a wooden pillar in order to allow the ordinary people to expose evil-doers, hence it was originally called a slander pillar. Later it ws reduced to a signpost,

22、and now it serves as an ornament.The beast sitting on the top of the column is called” hou”, a legendary animal, which is said to have been a watcher of an emperors behaviour. He was doing such duties as warning the emperor against staying too long outside the palace or indulging in pleasure and urg

23、ing him to go to the people for their complaints or return in due time. Therefore, the two pairs of beasts were given the names” Wangjunhui”( Expecting the emperors coming back) and “ wangjunchu”( Expecting the emperors going out) respectinvely.In the old days, Tiananmen, as a part of the Imperial C

24、ity, was meant for important occasions. The two rows of chaofang( antechamber), on the sides behind the main gate, wre reserved for civil and military members of the government waiting for imperial audience and in front of the gate, were offices of imperial administration.On October 1, 1949, chairma

25、n Mao Zedong proclaimed on Tiananmen Rostrum the founding of the Peoples Republic of China. Since then Tiananmen has been the symbol of New Chinea. Chairman Maos portrait is hung above the central entrance, flanked by two slogans:” Long Live the Great Unity of the Peoples of the World”. Today , the

26、splendour of Tiananmen attracts million of visitors from all over the world. The Rostrum on its top was opened in 1988 to the public for the first time in its history. It offers a panoramic view of the Square and the city proper.Tiananmen SquareSituated due south of Tiananmen, the Square has an area

27、 of 44 hectares( 109 acres) that can accommodate as many as one million people for public gatherings. It has witnessed may historical events in Chinas modern history and is a place for celebrations on such festive days as international Labour Day on May 1st and national Day on October 1st.Around the

28、 Square are several famous buildings:1 The Great Hall of the PeopleThis is one of the largest congressional buildings in the world. Built in 1959, the hall consists of three parts: a 10,000-seat auditorium in the center, a banquet hall in the north wing facing Changan Street, with a seating capacity

29、 of 5,000, and offices for the Standing Committee of the National Peoples Congress of China in the south. In addition, thirty-four reception chambers are named after various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly unde the Central Government, plus Hong Kong and Macao. Each is diffe

30、rent from the other in decoration and furnishings to stress their local features.2 The Museum of Chinese History and the Museum of the Chinese RevolutionThese two museums were also built in 1959. the museum of Chinese History houses a permanent exhibition in four parts, covering the entire process o

31、f Chinese history spanning from 1.7 million years ago to 1919:1) The Primitive Society( 1.7 million years ago to the 21st century BC);2) The Slave Society(21st century BC to 476 BC.);3) The Feudal Society(475 BC. To 1840 AD.);4) The Semi-Colonial and Semi- Fedual Society(1840 to 1919.)The Museum of

32、the Chinese Revolution covers the period from 1919 to 1949.3 The Monument to the Peoples Heroesthe monument was built in memory of thousands of martyrs who died for the revolutionary cause of the Chinese people. Its construction began on August 1, 1952 and was not completed until 1958. in the form o

33、f an obelisk, the Monument as made of more than 17,000 pieces of tranite and white marble. The purple piece inlaid in the front of the Monument was brought from Qingdao, Shandong Province. It is 38 meters(124ft 8 in) high, the loftiest of its kind ever seen in the country. Not only is it an historic

34、 memorial for immortal heroes, but also it is an artistic work of excellent architectural value.On the front side of the Monument is an engraved inscription in Chinese characters written by Chairman Mao Zedong, which reads” Eternal Glory to the Peoples Heroes!”. On the back of the Monument is an art

35、icle written by Chairman Mao, but in Chinese calligraphy by the late Premier Zhou Enlai.At the top of the Monument are eight gigantic carved wreathes of such flowers as peony, lotus and chrysanthemum, symbolizing nobility, purity, and fortitude. At the base of the monument are eight marble reliefs d

36、epicting the Chinese historic events since 1840. They are:1) The Burning of Opium in 1840:2) The uprising of 1851 in Jintian, Guangxi;3) The Revolution of 1911;4) The May Fourth Movement of 1919;5) The May 30th Movement of 1925;6) The Uprising of 1927 in Nanchang, Jiangxi;7) The War of Resistance ag

37、ainst Japanese Aggression from 1937 to 1945;8) The Victorious Crossing over the Yangtze River by the Peopless Liberation Army in 1949. This relief is flanked by two smaller ones“ Supplying the Front” and “ Greeting the P.L.A.”.4 Chairman Maos MausoleumChairman Mao Zedong, the founder of the Peoples

38、Pepublic of China, passed away on Sepember 9, 1976. In commemoration of this great man, a mausoleum began to be constructed in November 1976, and was completes in August the following year. The Mausoleum was officially opened on September 9, 1977.The mausoleum is surrounded by four groups of sculptu

39、re. East of the northern entrance is the sculpture depicting the period of the New Democratic Revolution( 1919-1949), and west of it is the one signifying the great achievements of the Chinese people during the period of slcialist revolution and construction since 1949. The sculptures in front of th

40、e southern gate are figures of workers, peasants soldiers, intellectuals, technicians and children.Inside the Mausoleum are three main sections: A white marble statue of Chairman Mao is mounted on a platform in the front lobby. On the wall behind the statue is a 24-metre-long( 79-foot-long) tapestry

41、, a fine needlepoint work with beautiful landscapes of the country.In the main hall there is a crystal coffin, in which Chairman Maos body lies stately with the Communist Partys flag covering over him.On the wall of the southern lobby, a poem by Chairman Mao and in his own calligraphy is inscribed i

42、n gold inlay. It expresses his full great expectations for the country.Tian anmen Square has now completed its renovation after eight months hard work to welcome the 50th anniversary of the Peoples Republic in 1999.北京英文导游词3he Ming Tombs are 40 kilometers north of Beijing City on the southern slopes

43、of Tianshou Mountain. They are the burial grounds of 13 Ming Dynasty emperors. In July 20_ the site was designated a world cultural heritage site by UNESCO.Empress Xu died in the 5th year of Yongle (1407). Zhu Di sentZhao Hong, secretary of the Ministry of Rites and a geomancer-Liao Junqing along wi

44、th many others to Beijing in search of an auspicious place for the tombs. It is said that this group of people first selected the area of Tu Jia Ying, which means slaughter-house, and as such, it couldnt be used as the burial ground. Next they selected the foot of Yangshan Mountain, Changping. Howev

45、er, since the surname of the emperor (Zhu) is a homophone for pig and because a village named wolf mouth ravine was located there, they decided against using that area. Later, they found Yan-jiatai west of Beijing. Again, since Yanjia was the homonym of the death of the emperor, it was also deemed u

46、nsuitable. It was not until the 7th year of Yongle (1409), that they finally chose the present Heavenly Longevity Mountain as their cemetery grounds.The whole area covers 40 square kilometers. It has mountains to its east, west and north, and Dragon Mountain and Tiger Mountain are on either side of

47、its southern entrance. The 13 tombs go from north to south. They are arranged in the manner of the Imperial Palace, with the administration area in the front and living quarters in the rear. In front of the tombs are divine passes, stone archways and steel towers. The Precious City and Ming Tower st

48、and over the Underground Palace.There were 16 emperors during the Ming Dynasty. Buried in the Ming tombs, are 13 Ming emperors and 23 empresses, as well as many concubines, princes, princesses and maids. The other 3 emperors, Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang, Zhu Yunwen and Zhu Qiyu are buried in other locatio

49、ns.The founder of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang, established his capital in present day Nanjing where he was buried after his death. His tomb is called Xiaoling (Tomb of Filial Piety).The body of the second emperor of the Ming, Zhu Yunwen, is missing. Some said that he died in a fire, while others sai