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1、Grammar倒装句,(1) Here comes the bus.(2) There stands an ancient tower on the top of the mountain.(3) South of the river lies a small factory.(4) Then came the chairman.(5) Present at the party were Mr.Green and many other guests.(6) Gone are the days when women were looked down upon.(7) Never will Zho
2、u Yang forget his assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.(8) Not only am I interested in photography,but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.(9) Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.,一、Exploring and dis
3、covering,完全倒装,部分倒装,部分倒装,部分倒装,完全倒装,完全倒装,完全倒装,完全倒装,完全倒装,二、倒装的定义,英语的一般语序是主语在前，谓语在后，如果把谓语的全部或者一部分放在主语之前，这种语序称为倒装。,三、全部倒装,全部倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。,如果这类句子的主语是代词，则不用写出倒装句。,完全倒装句,(1) Here comes the bus.(2) There stands an ancient tower on the top of the mountain.(3) South of the river li
4、es a small factory.(4) Then came the chairman. (5) Such are the facts. (6) Present at the party were Mr. Green and many other guests.(7) Gone are the days when women were looked down upon.,表地点的副词Here放句首,表地点的短语present at放句首,表语放句首,表方位的短语south of放句首,表地点的副词there放句首,表语放句首,表时间的副词then放句首,归纳总结：,全部倒装的情况：,1.
5、表方位的副词out, in, up, down, away, off等放在句首。,eg. Out of the room stands a big monster.,2. 表时间的副词now, then置于句首。,eg. Now speaks the headmaster.,3. 表地点的副词here, there, 以及表示地点的介词短语位于句首时；,eg. There lies a big mountain.,4. 表语置于句首时。,eg. Such are what he does.,注意点：,【注意1】：,完全倒装构成的条件：,1) 副词或表语放句首！,2) 主语是名词，而不是代词！,
6、3) 谓语是come, go, follow, fly等不及物动词！,试比较：Here it is. Here is the book. In he comes. In comes the boy. Here you are. Here are the students.,当主语是代词时，不构成倒装。,【注意2】：在完全倒装句中，谓语动词的数要与后面主语的数一致。,There seems to be many people in the room. In front of the house stands two tall trees.,seem,stand,Exercise,1. Sally
7、s turn to keep guard comes now. (典题在线8)Now comes Sallys turn to keep guard. 2. The crowd rushed in when the door burst open. (周报Part2 II 1)In rushed the crowd when the door burst open. 3. A couple of trees stand beside the lake and a path runs under them. (周报Part2 II 3)Beside the lake stand a couple
8、 of trees and under them runs a path.,四、部分倒装,部分倒装是指将位于的一部分如助动词、情态动词或be动词倒装至主语之前。,规则1：含有否定意义的副词及否定意义的介词短语置于句首。At no time can you say “no” to the order.Little did I expect I would see you here.Never have I seen such a performance.Seldom did the boy read newspaper.,【归纳总结】： 含有否定意义的副词few, little, never,
9、nor, not until, nowhere, rarely, seldom及否定意义的介词短语at no time, by no means, in no case, in no way, on no condition等放在句首时,需用部分倒装。,Exercise,1. I finally got the job I dreamed about. I never felt so happy in all my life. (典题在线3)I finally go the job I dreamed about. Never did I feel so happy in all my lif
10、e. 2. -Why cant I smoke here? - Smoking is permitted at no time in the meeting-room. (典题在线4)-Why cant I smoke here?-At no time is smoking permitted in the meeting-room.,Exercise,3. I seldom get invited into his office alone. (周报 Part2 II 2)Seldom do I get invited into his office alone.,规则2:“only+状语”
11、 置于句首Only in this way can you learn English well.Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in.Only then did I realize she is my real friend.Only if you do this can you succeed. 【注意】 如果only后面跟的是主语,则主句不倒装。Only he knows the truth.,【归纳总结】： “only+副词/介词短语/状语从句”位于句首时,句子需用部分倒装。Only+状语(/从句)+主句(倒
12、装),Exercise,1. You can expect to get a pay rise only with hard work. (典题在线7)Only with hard work can you expect to get a pay rise. 2. You will keep good relationships with others only when you can find peace in your heart. Only when you can find peace in you heart will you keep good relationships wit
13、h others. 3. He only found out an hour ago that an accident had happened to his son. (周报 Part2 II 5)Only an hour ago did he find that an accident had happened to his son.,规则3:五个重要句型1）no soonerthan; hardlywhen; scarcelywhen。 2）用于not until句型中。3）用于so, nor/neither开头的句子,表示重复的内容。 4）在“sothat”和“suchthat”开头的
14、句型中。5）用于not onlybut also句型中。,(1) 用于no sooner. than., hardly. when.； scarcely.when.句型中,eg. No sooner had she gone out than the class began. Hardly had I entered home when the bell rang.,【归纳总结】: no sooner.than.; hardly.when.; scarcely.when.意思是“一.就.”置于句首时，句型后面的从句不倒装，前面的主句采用部分倒装并且要用过去完成时。而than和when后的从句要
15、用一般过去式。,Exercise,1. The mother had hardly opened the door, when her son rushed up to her. (课本P64 4)Hardly had the mother opened the door, when her son rushed up to her. 2. He had no sooner got home than he had to go out to see his sick mother. (课本P64 7)No sooner had he go home than he had to go out
16、to see his sick mother.,(2) 用于not until.句型中,Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework.,【归纳总结】： not until.置于句首时, 句型中前面的从句不倒装，后面的主句用部分倒装。Not until + 状语(/从句) + 主句(倒装),Exercise,1. All the fish didnt die in the river until the villagers realize how serious the pollution was. (典题在线 1)Not until
17、 the villagers realize how serious the pollution was did all the fish die in the river.,(3) 用于so,nor/neither开头的句子,表示重复的内容。eg. He has been to Beijing. So have I. Jack cannot answer the question. Neither/Nor can I. Neither do I know her name, nor does he. 【归纳总结】： so+be动词/情态动词/助动词+主语意为“.也是如此”。nor/neith
18、er+be动词/情态动词/助动词+主语意为“.也不这样”。此句谓语应与前句谓语的时态形式一致。,【注意1】：在neither ., nor .的句子结构中，neither后与nor后的句子都要倒装。【注意2】：so+be动词/情态动词/助动词+主语意为“.也是如此”；so+主语+be动词/情态动词/助动词意为“.确实如此”，表示同意前面的说法。eg. It is not hot. - So it is. (确实如此) It is not hot today. - So is it tomorrow. (明天也是如此),Exercise,1. -Do you know Tom bought a
19、new car? -I dont know, 我也不在乎。(典题在线6) neither/nor do I care.,(4) 在 “so.that” 和 “such.that”开头的句型中So difficult a problem is it that I cant work it out.Such a noble person is he that people all respect him.【归纳总结】： so.that/such.that 意为“不仅.而且.”；连接两个并列分句时，前一个分句采用部分倒装，后一个分句不倒装。将“so+adj./adv”和“such+n.”提到句首时,
20、句子需用部分倒装。,Exercise,1. The lake is so shallow that no fish can live in it. (典题在线10)So shallow is the lake that no fish can live in it. 2. Everything happened so quickly that I hadnt time to think. (周报 Part2 II 6)So quickly did everything happen that I hadnt time to think.,(5) 用于not only.but also.句型中N
21、ot only are the students planting trees, but (also) the teacher is.【注意】: Not only you but also I am fond of music.【归纳总结】： not only.but also.意为“不仅.而且.”; 连接两个并列分句时, 前一个分句采用部分倒装, 后一个分句不倒装。如果置于句首的Not only.but also仅连接两个并列主语,不可用倒装结构，谓语动词的单复数为“就近原则”。,Exercise,1. The nurses not only want a pay increase, but
22、 they want reduced hours as well. (典题在线5)Not only do the nurses want a pay increase, but they want reduced hours as well. 2. Jimmy not only passed the exam but got good marks for all the courses he had taken. (周报 Part2 II 4)Not only did Jimmy pass the exam but got good marks for all the courses he h
23、ad taken.,规则4: 在不带if的虚拟条件从句中Had he not been promoted, he would never have remained with the company. (= If he had not been promoted, .) Should you change your mind, no one would blame you.(If you should change your mind, .)Were he to leave today, he would get there by Monday.(= If he were to leave t
24、oday, .),【归纳总结】： 虚拟语气条件句中, 从句谓语有助动词were, had, should时, 可将if省略, 而把were, had, should移到句首。,Exercise,1. If it had not been for the free tickets, I would not gave gone to the films so often. (典题在线2)Had it not been for the free tickets, I would not gave gone to the films so often.,此时，通常把从句中的表语、状语、甚至谓语动词的一
25、部分置于句首。,规则5: 由as或though引导的让步状语从句,Child as/though he was, he had a good command of English.Patient though/as he was, he was unwilling to wait three hours.Hard as he works, he makes little progress.Try as he might, he could not find a job.,【归纳总结】 由as或though 引导的让步状语从句中，把表语或部分谓语提前时，即用于“形容词（或名词、动词）+as(/t
26、hough)” 引导的让步状语从句需用倒装。,Exercise,1. As he is crazy about online games, he manages to keep himself from being addicted to them. Crazy as he is about online games, he manages to keep himself from being addicted to them. 2. Though his idea might sound strange, it was accepted by the people at the meeting. Strange though his idea migh sound, it was accepted by the people at the meeting.,
