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1、Grammar The Participle phrase used as Adverbial,分词 短 语 作 状 语,复习: 分 词 有关 用 法,一.分词可分为: (以do为例),(doing),( done),二.现在分词与过去分词区别：,区别区别,语态,时态,现在分词 过去分词,现在分词( )过去分词( ),现在分词 ( )过去分词 ( ) vt,主动,被动,正在进行,已经完成,复习练习一：根据汉语意思,用所给 动词的现在分词或过去分词填空,a film 动人的电影 a mother 受感动的妈妈,(主动),(被动),a leaf 一片飘落的树叶a leaf 一片落叶,(正在进行),
2、(已经完成),moving,moved,1.move,2. fall,falling,fallen,注： 现在分词表示主动，及物动词的过去分词表示被动不及物动词的过去分词只有“完成”含义或表示状态，而不表示被动,The falling leaves the fallen leaves,落叶（正往下落的）,落叶（已经落到地面的）,a girl dressed in white (表状态),复习练习二: 分词做表语,定语,宾补用法,她现在好累.这工作累人.,She is very .,The work is .,1. 表语:,运用现在分词或过去分词完整句子,tired,tiring,这就是那只吓人
3、的老虎.这就是受了惊吓的女孩. （ frighten）,This is the tiger.,This is the girl.,2. 1 定语（单个分词）,frightening,frightened,The girl was frightened by the frightening tiger,They were by the story/boy (move)Toms father felt for his son (disppoint),moved,moving,disappointed,disappointing,2.2 定语（分词短语）,正在建房那些人是我的朋友.去年建造的那座房子
4、将要拆除.正在建造的那座房子将是个商店.,The people are my friends.,The house will be pulled down.,built last year,The house will be a store.,being built,building the house,*分词短语作定语可改成( ),定语从句,*The people (who are )building the house are my friends.*The house( which was )built last yearwill be pulled down.*The house( w
5、hich is )being built will be a store.,3. A) The building _ now will be a restaurant .B) The building _ next year will be a restaurant .C) The building _ last year is a restaurant. (build),being built,to be built,built,现在分词作定语 现在 分词作定语表示主动或进行,一个分词单词作定往往放在它所饰的词的前面, 但分词短语作定语则放在所修饰的词的后面.1.The swimming b
6、oy is my brother.= the boy who is swimming is my brother. 2 the news which is exciting made all of us sleepless. = The exciting news made all of us sleepless3. The road that joins the two villages is very wide.,= The road joining the two villages is very wide.,过去分词作定语过去 分词作定语表示被动或完成,一个分词单词作定语往往放在它所饰
7、的词的前面, 但分词短语作定语则放在所修饰的词的后面.1. Look at the broken cup.= Look at the cup which is broken.2. What is the language spoken in Japan?= What is the language which is spoken in Japan?3. I have a radio which is made in China.,= I have a radio made in China.,Exercises:,1. We lived in the house _(我舅舅们修建的). 2.
8、Any medicine _(服用) without the advice of a doctor can cause trouble. 3. We spent two hours discussing the plan _ (她制定的). 4. _ (开水),built by my uncles,taken,made by her,boiled water,a broken cup,1. Most of the people _(被邀请参加宴会的) were famous scientists. 2. Lessons _ (易学的)are soon forgotten. * _ (易学的)
9、lessons are soon forgotten. 3. The computer center _(开办) last week is popular with the students .,invited to the party,learned easily,opened/started,Easily-learned,Exercises,Dont use words, expressions, or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be
10、 known D. knownAs we joined the big crowd, I got _ from my friends A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missedCleaning women in big cities usually get _ by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to payThe Olympic Games, _ in 776 B. C. , did not include women players until 1912. A. first playing B. to be
11、 first played C. first played D. to be first playing,D,A,C,C,5. The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it. A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun6. The television is a _ machine. A. newly-invented B. new-invented C. newly-invent D. newly-invention7. _ English
12、is different from _ English in many ways. A. Spoken, written B. Speaking, written C. Spoken, writing D. Speak, write,D,A,A,8. The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the _. A. 20 dollars remained B. 20 dollars to remain C. remained 20 dollars D. remaining 20 dollars9. Prices of dail
13、y goods _ through a computer can be lower than some store prices. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying10. Mr Smith, _ of the _ speech, started to read a novel. A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring,D,B,A,我看见那玻璃是破的.我看见那男孩在把玻璃砸破.,I saw the glass .,I saw the bo
14、y .,3.宾补,broken,breaking the glass,Grammar: The Participle phrase used as Adverbial,分 词 短 语 作 状 语,Objectives:,1.掌握分词做时间，原因，条件，让步，方式/伴随状语的用法。2.掌握分词做状语与相应状语从句的转换。,Warming up What clauses do you know?,1.When it rains, Ill go to school by bus.,时间状语从句,2.As the day was fine, they decided to go on a trip.,
15、原因状语从句,3.If I go to the Great Wall tomorrow, would you like to come along?,条件 状 语从句,4.Although they did heavy work that day, they were all in high spirits.,让步状 语从句,分词作状语功能表,1.时间,2.原因,3.条件,4.让步,5.方式/伴随,时间状语从句,原因 状 语从句,条件 状 语从句,让步状 语从句,没有合适的状 语从句,A.现在分词作状语学与练,把划线部分改写成分词短语并说明其功能,1.1.When they saw their
16、 teacher, the students stood up.,Seeing their teacher, the students stood up.,*现在分词动作的发出者是( ),句子主语,*现在分词短语作( ),时间状语,1.2.After they had finished their homework, they went home.,Having finished their homework, they went home.,*现在分词短语作( ),*Having finished their homework表现的动作在went home( ),故用分词的( ).,时间状语
17、,之前,完成式,2.Because he was ill, he couldnt go to school.,Being ill, he couldnt go to school.,*现在分词短语 作原因状语,3.If you work harder at English, you will make greater progress.,Working harder at English, you will make greater progress.,*现在分词短语 作条件状语,4.Although they felt very tired，they kept running.,*Feeli
18、ng very tired, they kept running.,现在分词短语 作让步状语,5.The children came into the classroom, and they laughed and talked.(并列句),*The children came into the classroom, laughing and talking.,*现在分词短语 作伴随或方式状语,*Laughing and talking, the children came into the classroom.,*不可改成相应状语从句,把下列划线部分改写成分词短语, 并说明其功能,B.过去分
19、词作状语学与练,1.When she was asked why she did it, she began to cry.,*Asked why she did it, she began to cry.,*过去分词短语作时间状语,*从句的动词用的是被动语态,*过去分词的动作由主语承受,2.Because he was moved by her words, he decided to help the poor boy.,*Moved by her words, he decided to help the poor boy.,*过去分词短语作原因状语,3.If I am given mo
20、re time, Ill catch up with you.,*Given more time, Ill catch up with you.,*过去分词短语作条件状语,4.Although they had been defeated many times， they continued to fight.,*Having been defeated many times, they continued to fight.,=Although defeated many times, they continued to fight.,*过去分词短语作让步状语,*为使状语含义更加明确，有时在
21、过去分词前可加上适当连词,*Once used, the car will never be sold again. (once “一旦”),=Once it is used, the car will never be sold again.,*When heated, water turns into steam.,=When water is heated, water turns into steam.,Heated, water turns into steam,5.The teacher stood there and he was surrounded(包围) by many s
22、tudents.,*The teacher stood there (,)surrounded by many students,= Surrounded by many students, the teacher stood there.,*过去分词短语作伴随或方式状语,六.分词短语作状语须注意的问题:,练习: 判断正误并改正,1.Standing at the top of the hill, we can see Shiyan Town.,(),*现在分词所表示的动作由句子的主语发出,=When we stand at the top of the hill, we can see Sh
23、iyan Town.,2.Seen from the top of the hill, we cansee Shiyan Town.,(),1.Seen from the top of the hill, Shiyan Town can be seen clearly.,*过去分词表示的动作由句子的主语承受,=when it is seen from the top of the hill, Shiyan Town can be seen clearly.,2.Seeing from the top of the hill, we can see Shiyan Town.,3.Moved de
24、eply by what he said, so he decided to help the poor girl.,(),*去掉so,*分词短语作状语,不能和连词连用.,Because he was moved deeply by what he said, so he decided to help the poor girl.,( ),4.The teacher came into the classroom, following by six students.,(),The teacher came into the classroom, followed by six studen
25、ts.,*过去分词的动作由主语承受,而现在分词的动作有主语发出.,5.Although laughed at by others, he didnt give up his hope.,(),=Although he was laughed at by others, he didnt give up his hope.,_ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose2. If _ the same treatment again, hes
26、 sure to get well. A. giving B. give C. given D. being given3. _ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. A. Founded B. It was founded C. Being founded D. Founding,Practice makes perfect,5. _ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesnt seem big at
27、all. A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared6. _ time, hell make a first-class tennis player. A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given,4. _ a reply, he decided to write again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received,7. _ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed8 .Unless _ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited,总 结,分词做状语有以下四种形式：Doing, Having done, Done., Having been done., ,主动,被动,Byebye,
