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1、CHAPTER5WORD FORMATION VIA COMPOUNDING,It refers to the combination of two or more independent words, each of which can function as a individual word.,Definition,Three forms of compounds复合词的三种形式,1,Solid form,1,Open form,2,Hyphenated form,3,Webpage 网页,Database 数据库,第一季度,Website 网站,Weblog 网络博客,第一季度,单击编
2、辑副标题,Solid form,1,Data entry 数据录入,Mass media 大众媒体,第一季度,单击编辑副标题,Data transfer 数据传输,Data storage 数据储存,第一季度,单击编辑副标题,Open form,2,Mass-produce 大规模生产,Well-educated 受过良好教育的,第一季度,单击编辑副标题,Easy-going 随和的,Newly-brewed 新酿造的,Hyphenated form,3,Structures of Compounds复合词的结构,2,TWO-WORD COMPOUNDS,THREE-WORD COMPOUND
3、S,NOUN+NOUN COMPOUNDS,NOUN+ADJUCTIVE COMPOUNDS,NONE+VERB COMPOUDS,ADJECTIVE+VERB COMPOUNDS,ADJECTIVE+NOUN COMPOUNDS,ADJECTIVE+ADJECTIVE COMPOUNDS,STRUCTURES,2,VERB+NOUN COMPOUNDS,VERB+ADVERB COMPOUNDS,ADVERB+NOUNCOMPOUNDS,ADVERB+ADJECTIVE COMPOUNDS,ADVERB+VERB COMPOUDS,PREPOSITION+PREPOSITION COMPOU
4、NDS,PREPOSITION+NOUN COMPOUNDS,PRONOUN+NOUN COMPOUNDS,STRUCTURES,2,House+keephousekeep,Hair+cuthaircut,Wood+cutwoodcut,EXAMPLE-NOUN+VERB COMPOUND,2,Functions of Compounds 复合词的作用,3,Compounds can play different roles in a sentence. They can be used as nouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs, etc.,Functions
5、of Compounds,1. teargasThe police dispelled the mobs with tear gas. ( noun )The police dispelled the mobs by using teargas bombs. ( adjective )The police teargased the mobs. ( verb )2. air-dryThe tobacco growers sir-dry tobacco leaves in shaded sheds. ( verb )The air-dry process was completed in sha
6、ded sheds. ( adjective )3. face-to-faceWe will have a face-to-face negotiation with the market competitors. ( adjective )We will negotiate with our competitors about market shares face-to-face. ( phrase ),Example,3,Characteristics of Compounds 复合词的特点,4,The prural form of a noun compound usually carr
7、ies -s or -es at the end of the second part.,复数在后,A compound usually has its stressed syllable falling on the first part of the compound.,重音在前,Most compounds today are treated as completely new words without a hyphen in between. some are not.,连字符大多可无,前修饰后,Characteristics of compounds,4,In compounds,
8、 the first part usually modifies the second part.,Nouns,Verbs,Adjectives,Prepositions & Adverbs,Characteristics of compounds,4,hard, soft, hot, high, low, good, bad,go, come, paly, look, make, take,head, hand, girl, day, dog, line, rain, snow,in, out, on, with, up, down, under,The most productive co
9、mpound elements are usually the three-to-five-lettered words, or the basic Anglo-Saxon vocabulary.,Compound Nouns复合名词,5,The constituents in a compound may belong to different parts of speech, but the compounds they create are mostly nouns.,Compound Nouns,请插入图片,请插入图片,请插入图片,请插入图片,adj+nhard disk硬盘,n+nb
10、ar cord条形码,adv+nupgrade升级,doing+nreading lamp台灯,v+nbreakwater防浪堤,n+vnighfall黄昏,v+advshow-off炫耀,adv+vdownfall垮台,Form of Compound Nouns,Compound Adjectives复合形容词,6,复合形容词主要用来作定语,并且只作前置定语,即要放在被修饰词之前。它也可以作形容词,表示一个长时间的特点或性质。例如：an eight- year-old boy/ a ten-metre-tall tree,6,ever 永远的,ill 不健康的,形容词+looking形容容
11、貌或外表,made 制造的,roof 防的，抗的,sick 晕的，渴望的,wide 在范围内的,well 好的,Examples,6,Phrasal Compounds短语复合词,7,。,Compounds can also be formed of phrases or word clusters of various kinds. In fact, most compounds formed in this way are very popular in contemprary English and are often used as compound adjectives. Look
12、at the following examples:1) On the way to the airport, they fell in a two-kilometer-long trafic jam.在去机场的路上，他们陷入了两公里长的交通堵塞。2）At the age of 26, she fell in love with a 62-year-old professor.她在26岁时爱上了一位62岁的教授。,Tips,3,under-the-table不正规,at-risk危险期,cutting-ege尖端的,once-in-a-life-time终生享用,face-to-face面对面,shouder-to-shoulder肩并肩,head-to-head正面,hand-in-hand手拉手,EXAMPLES,1,Thank You,
