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1、英语简单句六种基本句型,基本句型一： + （主语+动词） 基本句型二： + +P （主语系动词表语） 基本句型三： + +O （主语+动词+宾语） 基本句型四: +IO +D(主语动词间宾直宾） 基本句型五: +（主语动词宾语宾补）基本句型六: There be结构,基本句型 一(subject) +V(verb)（主动） 特点:句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。 这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以 跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。1. He came.2. She dances.3. His words work.4. You should work hard.5. Her grandpa di
2、ed last night.6. My uncle gets up early every morning.,基本句型 二 + +P（主系动词表语） 系动词可分四类： 1）be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语 的作用,后可接动词外的任何词； 2）感官动词类 look, feel, smell, taste, sound等 3）表示变化：get, grow, become, turn, go等 4）表示状态延续：stay, keep, prove, remain, stand等。,Everything looks different.The weather becomes cooler.3
3、.This is an English dictionary.4.The soup smells good.5.The girl looks beautiful.6.The music sounds great. 7.The trees turn green.8.To see is to believe.9.My brother is a doctor.,基本句型 三 + +（主动宾） 特点：谓语动词都是实义动词，但不能表 达完整的意思，必须跟宾语，即动 作的承受者，才能使意思完整。 这类动词叫做及物动词。 e.g. We like the movie. S,V,o,1. I wrote a
4、letter last night.2. I want to talk with you this afternoon. 3. You must finish reading these books . 4. I saw her.5. They like watching TV.6. She is reading a book.,基本句型 四 + +IO +DO（主动间宾直宾） 特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达 完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的 直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受 者。如： She gave me a book =She gave a book to me.,常跟双宾语
5、的动词有：（需借助to的）bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise,return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask,等。（需借助for 的） buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order,sing, save等。,She passed him a new dress.John told me his idea.She showed her friends all the pictures.4.He send me a birthday
6、 card.,基本句型 五 + + +OC（主动宾宾补）特点：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾 语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一 个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。 判断原则：能表达成宾语 是/做 e.g. We made him the manager. S,V,O,OC,We keep the table clean.I saw them getting on the bus.Leave the door open!4.The meat made the dog friendly.5.She asks me to play with her.6.He calls his dog A
7、huang.,基本句型 六There be 结构,典型例题分析,1.Plants need water. S+V+O ( 主 + 动+ 宾 )2.The flower is so fresh. S +V +P (主 + 系动 + 表)3.They work hard. S +V (主 + 动 )4.He gives me some seeds. S +V + IO + DO (主 + 动 + 间宾 + 直宾)5.We should keep the plants in the shade. S+V +O +OC (主 + 动 + 宾 + 宾补)6.There are many animals
8、living in trees. There be结构,同一个动词使用的句型也不尽一样，因此在学习动词时， 应掌握动词的类型。以 get 为例： Hes getting angry. Youll get a surprise. He got his shoes and socks wet. 在句子中词类和词的位置也影响句子的句型和意思: I found the book easily. I found the book easy.,_,_,_,My aunt cant find her passport.,S + V + O,The boss makes the workers work al
9、l day.,S + V + O+OC,There is a river near my house.,There be,aunt, find, passport(护照),my,her,cant,all day,the boss(老板)，the workers,makes,work,near,my house,isa river, there,green, the trees, turn,flying, birds, some, are happily,wants, a present, her grandson(孙子), to buy, she,_,_,_,The trees turn green.,S + V + P,Some birds are flying happily.,S + V,She wants to buy her grandson a present.,S + V + O,
