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1、句子的类型,句子按结构可以分为：简单句并列句复合句,简单句,五种基本结构：主谓主谓宾主谓宾宾主系表主谓宾补,Things change.Nobody went. 主语+谓语这种句型简称为主谓结构（SV)谓语一般都是不及物动词。,We dont beat children.She doesnt know the truth.主语+谓语+宾语这种句型简称为主谓宾结构（SVO)谓语一般是及物动词,He gave his sister an apple.I will write you a long letter.3.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语简称为主谓宾宾结构（S+V+O+O)谓语是双宾语动词，两个宾语
2、分别是直接宾语和间接宾语。,I found the book easy.I will let him go. 4. 主语+谓语+宾语+补语 可以简称为主谓宾补结构（SVOC)谓语必须是可以带补语的动词find, let, consider, think etc.,She is happy.Trees turned green in spring.She became a lawyer.5.主语+连系动词+表语简称为主系表结构（SLP)连系动词：be, become, get, seem, look 连系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用谓语，后边必须跟表语，构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征
3、等情况。,中国书法讲解,无论用哪种句型，都要主谓一致,The art is from and develop in China. Writing rules was found in Jiaguwen. The tradition of calligraphy start and develop in China. Calligraphy is an art that are respected by people. They was called four treasures of the study.Chinese calligraphy have a close connection w
4、ith painting. 以上均是错误例子,几个谓语？,Chinese calligraphy is come from China.,以上均是错误例子,不成句的“句”,In the east of Asia, the calligraphy beginning and developing in China. Because of the similar way of drawing.以上均是错误例子,到底有几个句子？,Chinese calligraphy is not the same with others, it is energetic.Calligraphy has a sim
5、ple idea, it is a way of writing. They are four tools in calligraphy, they are called the four treasures of the study. 以上均是错误例子,被动语态,什么时候用被动语态？（主语和谓语是什么关系的时候？）被动语态中主语是动作的承受者；主语是动作的承受者时使用被动语态。现代汉字的书写规则早在甲骨文时期就有所体现。The way of writing can see in the Jiaguwen character. The rule of modern calligraphy re
6、flect Jiaguwen.,中国书法和其他艺术形式有联系。Chinese calligraphy connects with other art form.中国书法的历史可以追溯到公元前4000年。Chinese calligraphy can trace back to 4000 B.C. 以上句子中，主语是谓语动作的承受者，应该使用被动语态，却没有使用。根源在于没有理解动词本身的用法。以上均是错误例子,Chinese calligraphy was originated from Jiaguwen times.The calligraphy tradition of East Asia
7、 was started from China.以上均是错误例子以上句子中，主语是动作的发出者，并不需要使用被动语态，却使用了被动语态。,什么样的句型没有被动语态？,Things change.Nobody went.主谓句型,ed形容词与ing形容词,excited 与 exciting词源？ excite vt.The football game excites the people. people?game?,被动语态的构成,be+过去分词 get+过去分词多用在口语中，一般不接by The boy gets hurt on his way to school.,被动态的转化,1.主谓宾
8、句型的被动语态构成I see him.先将主动结构中的宾语，变为被动结构中的主语（宾语如果是人称代词？）；然后将谓语动词变为被动语态；最后在谓语动词的被动语态后加by，然后加主动结构中的主语。（主语如果是人称代词？）,被动态的转化,2.如果宾语是that 从句？We know that he is an expert. 1）it 作为形式主语It is known that he is an expert.2）或者将宾语从句的主语变为被动句的主语，动词沿用主句动词，宾语从句谓语部分变为不定式。He is known to be an expert.,被动语态的转化,3.主谓宾宾句型转为被动语态
9、He tells her a long story.两个宾语只取一个作为主语，另外一个保留不变。She is told a long story. A long story is told to her.,被动语态的转化,4. 主谓宾补句型I find the book easy.The book is found easy. 将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，宾语补足语不变。,被动语态的用法,不知道动作的执行者时Printing was introduced into Europe from China.不必提出动作的执行者时I was born in 1960.3.强调动作的承受者时She wa
10、s liked by everybody. 4. 有些动词习惯上用被动语态Its done!,被动语态的时态 以 I see him 为例,一般现在时：He is seen by me.一般过去时:He was seen by me.一般将来时：He will be seen by me.现在完成时：He has been seen by me.将来完成时：He will have been seen by me.,过去完成时：He had been seen by me.现在进行时：He is being seen by me. 过去进行时：He was being seen by me.过去将来时：He would be seen by me. 过去将来完成时：He would have been seen by me,被动语态可含有情态动词,This must be done ASAP.That can not be her!These stairs should be repaired.情态动词： can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would) .,
