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1、Lesson 5,Speech on Hitlers Invasion of the U.S.S.R,Objectives of Teaching,To comprehend the whole storyTo master the vocabulary and expressionsTo understand and appreciate the style and rhetoric of the passage: repetition, alliteration, assonance.Finish the exercise No. V, VI, X, XI, XII.Group work:
2、 Make a speech on Hitlers invasion of the U.S.S.R (about 200 words) Everybody should write it down and hand in the exercise books.,Pre-reading questions,1. When and how did the Germans attack the Soviet Union?2. What was Churchills reaction to the news of Hitlers invasion of Russia?3. Why did Church
3、ill side with the Soviet Union since he had always been an avowed enemy of communism?4. What policy did Churchill declare Britain would pursue?5. What was Hitlers motive in invading Russia?,Background Information,U.S.S.R.: the Union of Soviet Socialist RepublicsWorld War II: (1937 / 1939 -1945) The
4、conflict resulted from the rise of totalitarian, fascism in German, Japan and Italy,Background Information:,July 7. 1937 Japan invaded Central China.Sep. 1938 Munich Pact, which sacrificed much of Czechoslovakia to Germany,Background Information:,Aug. 1939Russia-Germany non-aggression pactSept. 1, 1
5、939German invasion of Poland Sept. 3, 1939France and Britain declared war on Germany, officially beginning World War II,Background Information:,June 22, 1940France surrendered. Aug-Oct. 1940The Battle of Britain (2,300 to 900)Jun 22. 1941 German invasion of the Soviet Union.,I. Background Informatio
6、n:,Dec. 7, 1941 Pearl HarbourSept. 1943the Allies conquered Sicily and South Italy. Italy surrendered.May 7. 1945Germany surrendered unconditionally.Aug. 14, 1945 Japan announced its surrender.,Background Information:,Adolph Hitler, (1889 - 1945) founder and leader of the National Socialist German W
7、orkers Party, was born an Austrian. 1920 the Nazi Party1933 Chancellor,Background Information:,1934the union of the presidency and chancellorship in Hitlers person, the FhrerTHE THIRD REICH,Background Information:,1944 an assassination attempt April 29, 1945married his long-time mistress, Eva BraunA
8、pril 30, 1945committed suicide,Background Information:,MEIN KAMPT - My StruggleAryans SuperiorityNazi: National sozialistthe National Socialist German Workers PartyElite Corps, black guards党卫军、黑衫党GESTAPO: secret state police,Background Information:,CHURCHILL Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (No
9、v. 30, 1874 - Jan. 24, 1965 May 1940 - May 1945 first tenure as P.M. Oct. 1951 - Jan. 1955 second tenure as P.M.,Background Information:,1953 knightedSir Winston Churchill1953 the Nobel Prize in Literature1955 refusing the title of duke,Style,masterpieces of orationhighly persuasive and convincingel
10、oquent: forceful expressions, structure, words with abstract meaning emotional: language to arouse sympathy, hatred and passion,Detailed Study of the Text,1. Speech, address, oration, lecture, talkspeech: a public speech without regard to its quality, degree of preparation, the quality of its speake
11、r or audience General word,Detailed Study of the Text,address implies formality and careful preparation, and often gives emphasis to the importance of the speech.The president is scheduled to deliver three addresses on his trip.,Detailed Study of the Text,oration: formal and solemn public speech. It
12、 suggests eloquence, rhetorical style, and usu. a dignified but sometimes high-flown or long-winded appeal to the emotions of a large audience or assembly.,Detailed Study of the Text,lecture: It often implies reading. It commonly designates a carefully prepared speech on a special topic intended to
13、give information and instruction to a group of students.,Detailed Study of the Text,talk stresses informality. It may be used to designate either a lecture or an address when the speaker wishes to emphasize his desire to speak directly and simply to his audience as individuals.,Study of paragraph 1,
14、This changed conviction into certainty.2. conviction: a very firm and sincere beliefConviction usu. implies previous doubt or uncertainty.His political convictions are radical.3. certainty: the state of being definite or having no doubts(here in the text) clearly established fact 21,Study of paragra
15、ph 1,I had not the slightest doubt where our duty and policy layPresently Dill hastened down from London. 5. lie: exist, be found, reside6. presently: before long, soon7. hasten: move fastcf: hurryHasten implies urgent quickness while Hurry carries a strong implication of confusion and agitation. 22
16、,Detailed Study of paragraph 1,invaded Russia on an enormous front, had surprised a large portion of Soviet. Air force grounded on the airfields10. surprise: attack suddenly and without warningThey surprised the enemy from the rear.11. ground: (of pilot or plane) to stay on the groundgrounded on the
17、 airfield: lying still on the airfield 23,Detailed Study of paragraph 1,I suppose they will be rounded up in hordes.14. round up: to collect/gather together scattered animals, A cowboy / dog rounds up the cattle / sheep.15. horde: a large number or crowd, thronga horde of locustsWhen a contemptuous
18、term is desired, it is preferred to crowd and throng, esp, when implying rude, rough or savage character. 24,Detailed Study of paragraph 2,I spent the day composing my statementno time to consult the War Cabinet16. consult: to go to a person, a book for advice, information or opinionHave you consult
19、ed the doctor about your illness?Translate:查字典to consult a dictionary 25,Detailed Study of paragraph 2,I knew we all felt the same on the issue.17. issue:the point at which an unsettled matter is ready for a decisionmajor issues of principlethe act of publishing or officially giving out or making av
20、ailableHave you seen the latest issue of the magazine? 26,Detailed Study of paragraph 2,be at issue: of importanceThat is not the point at issue.v: to produce, to provide officiallyto issue an order / a statementto issue a set of stamps 27,Detailed Study of paragraph 3,Hitler was counting on enlisti
21、ng capitalist and Right Wing sympathies18. count on: depend on, expect, take into accountIf there is anything I can do, count on me.19. enlist: win the support of, get the help or sympathyCan I enlist your help in collecting the money for victims?,Detailed Study of paragraph 3,Hitler was wrong and w
22、e should go all out to help Russiathe same would be true of U.S.A.21. go all out: to spare no effort, to make ones utmost effortWe will go all out to support the development of the west.22. be true of: be the same case, be suitable toWhat he says of women is true of men. 29,Detailed Study of paragra
23、ph 4,Churchill reverted to this theme and I asked whether for him, the arch-anti-communist, this was not bowing down in the house of Rimmon.24. revert to: to go back to a former subject, talk about againShall we revert to our previous topic?25. arch: principal, chief arch- angel, bishop, criminal, e
24、nemy, rebel, rival, etc. 30,Detailed Study of paragraph 4,Rimmon:a deity worshipped by Syrians of Damascus. Syrian Captain Naaman had leprosy.His Israeli servant told Elisha, a prophet God.Elisha told Naaman to wash in the Jordan River 7 times and thus he was cured. 31,Detailed Study of paragraph 4,
25、Naaman therefore had faith in God and convert to Christianity.But being a Syrian, he had to follow his King to worship in the House of Rimmon.Elisha granted him permission to do so.bow down in the house of Rimmon: you do sth. outwardly with mental reservation Rhetoric of the underlined Part:metaphor
26、 32,Detailed Study of paragraph 4,Churchill: Not at all. I have only one purpose, the destruction of Hitler, and my life is much simplified thereby.27. thereby: by that means, by doing or saying thatOur body can sweat, thereby losing heat by evaporation. 33,Detailed Study of paragraph 4,cf: therefor
27、e: as a result; for that reason, soTranslate:我思故我在I think; therefore I am.It rained; therefore the game was called off. 34,Detailed Study of paragraph 4,If Hitler invaded Hell I would make at least a favourable reference to the Devil in the House of Commons.28. Devil - Satan, most powerful evil spir
28、it, the source of evil in the world.29. reference: a piece of written information about sbs character, ability, esp. when he is looking for employment 35,Detailed Study of paragraph 4,cf: A testimonial is kinder than a reference because it is shown to the person it describes while a reference is tru
29、er because it is not shown to him. A recommendation is a letter or statement that speaks in favour or praise of sb. esp, when he is looking for a job.,Detailed Study of paragraph 5,I was awoken at 4a.m by a telephone message from the F.O to the effect that Germany had attacked Russia I therefore pos
30、tponed telling him till 8. His only comment: Tell B.B.C, I will broadcast at 9 tonight.31. to the effect: with the information that, meaning thatHe had a telegram to the effect that his mother is dead.32. comment: remark expressing an opinion, judgement (written or spoken) 37,Detailed Study of parag
31、raph 7,The Nazi regime is indistinguishable from the worst features of Communism. It is devoid of all theme and principle except appetite and racial domination.33. regime: a type or form of government, often derog.a corrupt regimeHe was tortured under the Saddam regime. 38,Detailed Study of paragrap
32、h 7,The Nazi regime is indistinguishable from the worst features of Communism. It is devoid of all theme and principle except appetite and racial domination.35. devoid of: (fml) lacking in, complete without, empty ofHe is complete devoid of human feelings.36. theme: (Here in the text) basic good val
33、ue, virtue, ideal, unifying idea 39,Detailed Study of paragraph 7,37. appetite: a strong desire to conquer38. racial domination: the state of having controlling power over the other races by the Aryan nationAryans superiorityracial equality / discriminationracism / racist 40,Detailed Study of paragr
34、aph 7,dominate: have controlling influence or power over, She completely dominates the family and makes all the decisions.The dominant political party of the country is socialist.Translate: The Nazi regime is indistinguishable from the worst features of Communism. It is devoid of all theme and princ
35、iple except appetite and racial domination. 41,Detailed Study of paragraph 7,It excels all forms of human wickedness in the efficiency of its cruelty and ferocious aggression.39. excel: surpass, be superior to, outdo, exceed He excels in music and art / courage / at football.40. wickedness: badness,
36、 evil41. efficient: working well, quick and without waste 42,Detailed Study of paragraph 7,Paraphrase: It excels all forms of human wickedness in the efficiency of its cruelty and ferocious aggression.The Nazi regime is extremely cruel. It has invaded other countries in the most savage way. The inva
37、sions are so effective that they surpass all other kind of human cruelty.The Nazi regime is very effective in cruel suppression of and savage attack on other countries, in this respect it is worse than any other known form of evil. 43,Detailed Study of paragraph 7,No one has been a more consistent o
38、pponent of Communism than I42. consistent: constant, faithful, continually keeping to the same principlesWhen you make a sentence, the subject and the verb should be consistent.43. opponent: one who is on the opposite side in a contest or in a conflict 44,Detailed Study of paragraph 7,All this fades
39、 away before the spectacle which is now unfolding. The past, with its crimes, follies, tragedies, flashes away.44. unfold: (lit.) to become clear, more fully knownHe gradually unfolded her plan to them.47. folly: (fml) foolishness, unwise act 45,Detailed Study of paragraph 7,I see the Russian soldie
40、rsguarding the fields which their fathers have tilled from time immemorial, I see them guarding their homes where mothersprayof the safetyreturn of their bread-winnerchampion.50. immemorial: going beck beyond the reach of memory51. champion: person who fights for, supports strongly, or defends a pri
41、nciple, a movement, person, etc. 46,Detailed Study of paragraph 7,I see ten thousand villages where the means of existence is wrung so hardly from the soil.52. means of existence: (Here) food and clothing to keep people alive, things for people to survive53. wring (wrung): to press hard on, squeeze,
42、 to twist, to get by forceHis sad story wrung our hearts.54. hardly: (rare) with effort or difficulty, with force, in a severe manner 47,Detailed Study of paragraph 7,where the means of existence is wrung so hardly from the soil, but where there are still primordial human joys, where maidens laugh a
43、nd children play.55. primordial: fundamental and primitive, basicprimordial joys: pleasures shared commonly by all human beings 48,Detailed Study of paragraph 7,I see advancing upon all this hideous onslaught the Nazi war machine, with its clanking, heel-clicking, dandified officers,57. hideous: ugl
44、y, morally offensive, very wickeda hideous crime / criminal58. clank: metallic sound made by the swords and sabres (军刀)The prisoners ankle chains clanked. 49,Detailed Study of paragraph 7,59. dandy: a person who gives too much attention to dresscf: playboy: a person who devotes his life in pursuit o
45、f pleasuredandified: dressed like a dandyHere: German officers in uniforms with shoulder boards, insignias (勋章) and decorations 50,Detailed Study of paragraph 7,its crafty expert agents fresh from the cowing and tying down of a dozen countries. 60. crafty: cleverly deceitful, cunning, foxy craft: sk
46、ill in deceiving people for a bad purposea man full of craft61. fresh from: recently returned62. cow: to bring under control by violence or threats63. tie down: A person who ties you down restricts your freedom.(here) to enslave 51,Detailed Study of paragraph 7,I see also the dull, drilled, docile,
47、brutish masses of the Hun soldiery plodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts.64. dull: stupid, not cleverA dull speech / city / person65. docile: easily taught or led, obedient, easy to manage66. brutish: brutal, beast-like67. Hun: (derog. offensive) German soldier68. plod: continue to walk slowl
48、y difficultly 69. swarm: a large group (of insects moving in a mass), throng,Detailed Study of paragraph 7,I see the German bombers and fightersstill smarting from many a British whipping, delighted to find what they believe is an easier and safer prey.71. smart: feel painful in one part of the body
49、He was still smarting under / over her unkind words.72. prey: victim, a person or animal killed or huntedHow many ”I see”in the text and the rhetoric of them:,Detailed Study of paragraph 8,Behind all this glarestorm, I seethat villain who plan, organize, launch this cataract of horrors upon mankind.
50、74. villain: a mean person who is completely given to crime, evil, a thoroughly wicked man75.cataract:large,steep waterfall,overwhelming downpourcataract of horrors: unparalleled miseries 54,Detailed Study of paragraph 9,declare the decision-and I feel sure its a decision I which the great Dominion
