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1、,18 在长江源头各拉丹冬,R八年级语文下册,1.整体把握文章内容，理解游记的特点。2.学习按一定顺序，多角度写景，来突显各拉丹冬雪山的特征的方法。3.抓住关键句，品味文章的语言魅力，理解关键词句的含义。4.有感情地朗读课文，在朗读中感受各拉丹冬雪山的壮美，感悟长江源头的神异不凡。,学习目标,新课导入,各拉丹冬雪山位于中国青海格尔木市与西藏安多县交汇处，为唐古拉山脉主峰，海拔6621米。,融雪处裸露出大山黧黑的骨胳，有如刀削一般，棱角与层次毕现，富有雕塑感,冰塔林,造物主在这些尽情卖弄着它的无所不能的创造力。,冰塔林,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元
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4、) 眩晕( ) 蜷卧( )腈纶( ) 皱褶( ) 挪动( )草坝子( ) 气喘吁吁( )接踵而至( ) 熠熠烁烁( ),字词学习,lu l,l,chun,p l,l,qin,r,xun,qun,jn ln,zh,nu,b,x,zhn,y,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
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7、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
8、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,w,w,sh,zh,zh,【黧黑】形容黑。【接踵而至】形容人或事物一个又一个接连不断地到来。【砾石】经水流冲击磨去棱角的石块。【皱褶】皱纹，指冰山上的波形纹。,整体感知,本文是按照怎样的顺序组织材料的？找出第一天游览中体现这一顺序的词语。（教学提示：让学生边读边标画有关时间推移，地点转换的词语，进而理清文章脉络。）,按照时间的推移，地点的转换来组织材料，（也是以“我”的游踪为线索组织材料的）。叙述了“我”游览各拉丹冬雪山的所见所感。,草坝子冰丛砾石堆走下砾石堆，沿冰河接近冰
9、山此地已达海拔六千米以上。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
10、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
11、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,第一部分(1-2)：写在大山脚下仰望各拉丹冬雪峰的尊荣。第二部分(3-4)：写向各拉丹冬雪峰进发的艰难情景。第三部分(5-13)：写近观冰塔林看到的壮观景象。第四部分(14)：写在砾石滩上看雪峰时的新发现。,第1自然段写到“各拉丹冬有阴阳二坡，西北阴坡是冰雪，景色单调，东南阳坡才好看。”你认为“我”游览的是哪里呢？,东南阳坡 这从第3段“在各拉丹冬以东几公里处有牛粪可捡的坝子上”可知浏览的是东南阳坡。,北坡,南坡,观察植被的不同？,细节感知,1.品读56自然段：从文中找出描写各拉丹冬雪山景物的语句。作者是按照怎样的顺序来描绘的？从中感受到雪山怎样的特点？,长江源头格
12、拉丹东 海拔五千四百米的冰雪世界,空白演示,Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit.,5.这里便是著名的长江奇观之一的冰塔林。从砾石堆上四面张望，晶莹连绵的冰峰、平坦辽阔的冰河历历在目。杰巴、安托、开大车的大胡子师傅，头戴狐皮帽，身裹羊皮袍，肩扛比人身还长的大冰凌，蠕动在巨大的冰谷里，一列小小身影。远方白色金字塔的各拉丹东统领着冰雪劲旅，天地间浩浩苍苍。这一派奇美令人眩晕，造物主在这里尽情地卖弄着它的无所不能的创造力。6.慢慢从砾石堆上走下来，慢慢沿冰河接近冰山。这一壁冰山像屏风，精雕细刻着各种图案。图案形态随意性很强，
13、难说像什么。从狭小的冰洞里爬过去，豁然又一番天地。整座冰塔林就由许多冰的庄园冰的院落组成，自成一天地。我用新近装备的柯尼卡拍彩照，使用标准镜头受限，没同时配起变焦镜头使我后悔了一辈子拍一座完整的冰山，要退出很远。正是在后退的当儿，脚下一滑，分外利落地一屁股坐在冰河上，裂骨之痛随之袭来。这一跤，使我在后来的旅行中备受折磨。回那曲拍了片才知道，娇贵而无用的尾椎骨已经折断，连带第八节腰椎也错了位。,【明 确】 远处全景：晶莹连绵的冰峰；平坦辽阔的冰河；远方白色金字塔的各拉丹冬统领着冰雪劲旅。 近景（沿冰河接近冰山）：冰山像屏风，精雕细刻着各种图案；冰塔林由许多冰的庄园，冰的院落组成。 感受：天地间浩
14、浩苍苍；这一派奇美令人眩晕。,2.品读第1011自然段：思考作者是从什么角度描写哪些景物，抓住了景物什么特点？从中感受到了雪山怎样的特点。,10.置身于冰窟，远比想象的要温暖，穿着件腈纶棉衣，外罩一件皮夹克，居然感觉不到冷。风声一刻不停地呼啸，辨不清风何来何往，仿佛自地球形成以来它就在这里川流不息，把冰河上的雪粒纷纷扬扬地扫荡着，又纷纷扬扬地洒落在河滩上、冰缝里。渐渐地冰河已光滑难行。从北京来的摄影师大吴，负责拍一本有关于藏北的大型画册，具有国际先进水平的照相器材就装在一个很考究的箱子里。唯恐摔坏了，便推着箱子在冰面上爬行。他用奇怪的“鱼眼”为我拍了一张反转片，一部分精神和生命就寄存在这变了形
15、的仙境中了。11.是琼瑶仙境，静穆的晶莹和洁白。永恒的阳光和风的刻刀，千万年来漫不经心地切割着，雕凿着，缓慢而从不懈怠。冰体一点一点地改变了形态，变成自然力所能刻画成的最漂亮的这番模样：挺拔的，敦实的，奇形怪状的，蜿蜒而立的。那些冰塔、冰柱、冰洞、冰廊、冰壁上徐徐垂挂冰的流苏，像长发披肩。小小的我便蜷卧在这巨人之发下。太阳偶一露面，这冰世界便熠熠烁烁，光彩夺目。端详着冰山上纵横的裂纹，环绕冰山的波状皱褶想象着在漫长的时光里冰川的前进和后退，冰山的高低消长，这波纹是否就是年轮。,温 暖,声音大（呼啸）；不停息（川流不息）；威力大（扫荡）,漂亮千姿百态（挺拔的，敦实的，奇形怪状的，蜿蜒而立的。那些
16、冰塔、冰柱、冰洞、冰廊、冰壁上徐徐垂挂冰的流苏，像长发披肩）；熠熠烁烁，光彩夺目,是琼瑶仙境；这波纹是否就是年轮？,3.作者分两次集中描写雪山呢，这两次描写有什么不同？为什么在写第二次之前，还要写第一次来观看雪山的感受？,【明确】 56段是从低处观赏描写，1011段是从高处观赏描写，这样从不同角度展现了各拉丹冬雪山神韵。 两次写观赏雪山的感受，表现了作者对雪山认识逐渐加深，对雪山的情感步步增强。也在读者心中留下深刻印象。,4.品读第1214自然段：这几段描写的重点是什么，作者从中感悟到了雪山怎样的特点。,明确：描写了风声和坚冰之下的流水 。 感悟：一刻不停，开始演绎长江的故事。,5.小 结,赏
17、析句子的妙处，感受语言的魅力。 （让学生反复有感情地朗读以下句子，通过反复利朗读引发对句子的理解及对作者的情感的把握。）,语言特点,（1）阳光使这位身披白色披风的巨人变化多端：融雪处裸露出大山黎黑的骨骼，有如刀削一般，棱角与层次毕现，富有雕塑感。,运用比喻的修辞方法，将白雪覆盖下的各拉丹冬雪山比作“身披白色披风的巨人”，赋予雪山以生命，“变化多端”一词，又写出了这里自然环境严酷，天气恶劣。,（2）频频小震酝酿着某一两次大地震：手背生起冻疮，肩背脖颈疼痛得不敢活动，连夜高烧，不思饮食活动时只能以极轻极慢动作进行，犹如霹雳舞的“太空步”,运用比喻的修辞方法，把身体不适应高山气候比作“地震”，“ 手
18、背生起冻疮，肩背脖颈疼痛”比作小震，“连夜高烧”比作大震；把“动作的缓慢”比作“太空步”，写出了各拉丹冬雪山海拔高，气候条件的严酷。,（3）我双手合十，面向各拉丹冬威严的雪峰行了跪拜大礼。,“行了跪拜大礼”，这一动作描写，传神地 写出了我的虔诚及对各拉丹冬雪山的崇敬。,（4）远方白色金字塔的各拉丹冬统领着冰雪劲旅，天地间浩浩苍苍。,“白色金字塔”，暗示雪山犹如帝王一般，“统领”一词又赋予雪人以帝王的动作，表现了各拉丹冬雪山的高大威严，令人敬畏。,作者在写景时，自然而然的产生了想象联想，让学生品读课文，标画想象联想的句子。作者在观赏雪山时，产生了哪些想象和联想？蕴含着作者怎样的情感？,（1）这一
19、派奇美令人眩晕，造物主在这里尽情卖弄着它的无所不能的创造力。,“眩晕”的意思是“感到本身或周围的东西旋转”，这里是被眼前的奇伟的景象所折服。赞美造物主的伟大神奇的创造力，长江源头的各拉丹科雪山就是大自然的杰作。,（2）端详着冰山上纵横的裂纹，环绕冰山的波状皱褶，想象着在漫长的时光里，冰川的前进和后退，冰山的高低消长，这波纹是否就是年轮。,由冰山的波纹联想到树的年轮，赋予各拉丹冬雪山以生命，赞颂雪山的神奇，历史久远，如同中华民族有着悠久的历史一般。,（3）那是坚冰之下的流水之声，它一刻不停，从这千山之巅、万水之源的藏北高原流出，开始演绎长江的故事。,“演绎”是“铺陈，发挥”的意思，这里是说坚冰之
20、下的流水，是圣洁的，是长江的生命源头，从这里开启了长江的生命之旅，长江从此开启了孕育生命，造福人类之旅，这流水，也是中华民族的生命之源，中华民族的历史也同长江一样源远流长。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
21、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
22、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,在长江源头各拉丹冬,各拉丹冬雪峰的尊荣,进发的艰难情景,冰塔林的壮观景象,在砾石滩上看雪峰时的新发现,歇息草坝子,路过冰河,结构梳理,远眺雪峰 壮丽奇观,冰山奇遇 勇于攀登,冰塔林美景,深入冰塔林,板书设计,由雪山奇伟之景，联想到造物主无所不能创造力,在长江源头各拉丹冬,赞美自然的伟力长江及 雪山久远中华民族源远流长,由这冰山波纹联想到年轮,流水一刻不停，开始演绎长江故事,作者从不同的角度写景，抓住景物特点，运用比喻、拟人的修辞方法，描绘了长江源头各拉丹冬雪山的神奇美丽，并赋予雪山以生命，写景中蕴含着作者对雪山的崇敬和赞美之情。作者又通过联想和想象，抒发了对中华民族悠久历史的赞美。,课堂小结,
