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1、如何提高短文填空的得分率,2014年中考备考策略,短文填空(看图填词)考查方式是给出一段200个词语左右的短文,在短文中挖出十个空,要求学生读通短文,掌握大意,然后补全短文,每空一词。它是一种综合性很强且难度较大的题型,它主要检测考生的语言综合运用能力。文章难度相当于8下至9上课文的难度。,命题特点:,读写综合16.67%,听力口试20%,单选16.7%,完形8.3%,各类题型在中考试卷中所占比例,阅读理解25%,了解近三年中考短文填空出题趋势,4幅图(2011年),单幅图(2012年),没有图(2013年),短文填空往年称是看图短文填空,2011年是4幅图,2012年是一幅图,2013年没有
2、图。表面上加深难度,今年的中考是否有图,现在还不确定,就算有图,也不再提供任何具体的信息,只是渲染主题的背景图。,现在的短文填空(没有图)更大程度上考查学生1.上下文的理解能力2.对词组句型的运用能力3.对全文的逻辑推理能力,短文填空得分率低的主要原因:,第一,难,不少学生对这种题型存在畏惧心理。不积极的心理暗示: 此题耗时间不易得分。,第二,教师大多沿用先翻译短文,再对答案的讲评方法,忽略对学生进行解题方法和策略的指导,忽略语篇能力的培养导致这种题型得分率一直比较低。,历年短文(看图)填词考点总结,比较常考的词:名词、动词、形容词、副词趋势:名词、动词仍是主考词汇,其它词汇(如代词、连词等)
3、都有覆盖。,如何提高短文填空的得分率?,首先要消除学生畏惧心理,树立信心,去除杂念 平心静气,不急不躁。告诉学生:,1.要填的单词一定是复现率很高的词汇,平时又是我们常用的词,所以一般都会考到。2.如果遇到难题不要慌,蛛丝马迹找破绽。可以采用“迂回战术”,先跳过去做下面的题目,就反复地读上下文,有些答案在文中就能找到(10题当中一般有三个空能在文中找到答案)3.此题考查固定词组、短语较多,遇到这类空格时,想想平时学的哪个词与这个空格前后的词能构成固定的搭配或组成词组,然后读读上下文,只要意思连贯、语法正确,就能写出正确答案。4.要有“人难我难我不畏难, 人易我易我不大意” 的心态。,1.认真阅
4、读全文,了解文章的主要内容2.通读短文,确定大意3.从上下文寻找信息词4.依据语法和逻辑,确定词形5.答题顺序,先易后难6.认真审读,检查错误。,其次要懂得做题步骤(Steps),再次要学会做题技巧(Skills)技巧1. 根据图画或上下文提示(火眼金睛)常见提示内容:_,Ex1: His 15th birthday is coming on_ 3rd(2011年中考),日期、星期、时钟、天气等,技巧2._,Ex.2 I have had a lot of _day since I became a Grade 9 student. I have no choice but to do it.
5、 I often stay up late to finish it and then feel tired the next day. Athough I understand that it is important to do my homework.(2012年中考),根据上下文原词提示(context)(有样学样),homework,技巧3. _,Ex.3 There he saw a girl in a wheel chair. He noticed that the girl_ the wheelwith her hands.(2011年中考),moved,根据上下文逻辑推断,技
6、巧4._,Ex.4 The man said that he was a friend of her daughters. So the woman let him in and talked. To her_, the man knew nothing about her daughter. The woman didnt know whether his words were true or not.,固定搭配(Set phrases),To ones surprise 令某人惊奇的是,surprise,技巧4._,Ex.5 I almost have no free time for m
7、y hobbies, _ as playing volleyball and ping-pong. The worst thing is that I even have homework on weekends and holidays. I understand that it is important to do my homework and _ it in on time. (2012年中考),固定搭配(Set phrases),such as 例如,such,hand in交(作业),hand,技巧5.注意语法规则(rules of grammar),语法知识是指导短文填空的法宝,
8、语法规则起到了“牵动荷花带出藕”的功效。如名词有没考虑到单复数,所填的动词有没有注意时态或主谓语一致问题,所填的形容词或副词有没有考虑到用原级,比较级还是最高级,介词后面要带代词的宾格等等。,Dear Anne, How are you? I had great fun last Wednesday, 1. 12th, 2013. It was a traditional Chinese festival called Dragon Boat Festival that day. This festival is in memory of Qu Yuan, one of 2. _ greate
9、st Chinese poets. He killed himself by jumping into the Miluo River on May 5th of the lunar calendar(阴历),278 BC.,June,the,实战操练(2013年广东中考短文填词题),People there rowed the boats to 3._ him. But it was too late. They were very sad and then threw rice into the 4. _to feed the fishes so that they would stay
10、away from his body. 5. _then on, every year on this day, people enjoy 6. _Zongzi which is made of rice with meat, eggs and so on. In the past we ate it only 7. a year, but now we regarded it as our daily food. We can have it any time we like.,save,river/water,From,eating,once,Have you ever 8._ the d
11、ragon boat race on TV? It is another important part of this festival. Several teams row their dragon-shaped boats as 9._ as they can. The first team to reach the finish line wins. If you have a plan to visit China next year, would 10._ like to spend this festival with us? Best wishes, Xiao Qiang,wat
12、ched,fast/quickly,you,1.夯实基础知识,扎扎实实打好语言基本功,扎实的语言知识来自于日常的点滴积累。(1)丰富学生的词汇知识,帮助学生及时归纳、拓展词汇的用法;(2)讲解、分析各种句法,并通过各种形式的操练使学生能对基础知识举一反三,熟练运用;(3)要在语境中呈现语法项目,并在语境中灵活运用。,“短文填空” 的教学的启示,2.注重学法指导,循序渐进地培养学生的阅读能力。“短文填空”重在通过任务引导学生对语篇提供的信息进行加工处理 ,在此基础上完成表达的任务,这是主动的信息输出过程,也是分析问题、解决问题的过程。为此,在课堂上,教师既不能过多地进行讲解,又不能简单地布置任务
13、,而是要适时地发挥示范作用,使学生从在教师的辅助下完成任务逐步过渡到独立完成任务。我们的复习不能只注重简单知识的记忆,不能只让学生学会机械套用,而是要引导他们用英语解决实际问题。,“短文填空” 教学的启示,3.俗话说,量变达到一定的程度才能引起质变,所以要想擅长做短文填空题,就要保证做一定量的题。我们的做法就是从初一就开始练这种题型,从第一个学期把对话改编成短文填空给学生做,由于学生已经熟悉对话的内容,这样就降低了填空的难度,增强学生解题的信心和成功感,也就喜欢做这种题目,之后就让他们练专门的短文填空,并教会他们做题方法,他们从一开始错6,7个空到后来错2,3个空。也取得比较好的教学效果。,“
14、短文填空” 教学的启示,ccp,复习备考几点做法:,( 1 )词汇是基础,牢记考纲1600个词汇,每天听写常用的单词。(2)牢记常用的词组,( 200-300个短语)给出中文,默写固定搭配。(3)限时每天做2篇短文填空(每篇设置7-8分钟时间完成)(4)平时严抓背诵。多读多背地道短文, 增强学生的语感。(5)建立错题本,认真留意高频率的错误现象。关注复现率较高单词,短文填空备考策略:,单词功夫非一日,考纲词汇烂于心,动词形式不能忘,形容副词比较级,构词转化时常想,听写造句周周练,单词拼写想到变,构词方法心中记,每套教材有漏洞,考前考纲过一遍。,短文填空要谨记,观察图文仔仔细,词汇语法牢牢记,下笔填词先三思,戒掉粗心和大意,短文高分包满意。,向短文填空say yes,