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1、七、动词与动词短语,七、,初中-英语-人教新目标-九年级全册-语法七-动词与动词短语,考点1 动词的分类及用法( )(2018东营中考)Ive tried hard at my school work but still _. Dont be upset. Sometimes losing is only a sign that you really tried. A. failed B. worried C. improved D. succeeded,A,考点1 动词的分类及用法A,( )(2017无锡中考)This fruit_terrible to me, so Ive never t
2、ried it. But my mum loves it. A. tastesB. tastedC. smellsD. smelled,C,( )(2017无锡中考)This fruit_,【知识归纳】,love,standing,【知识归纳】分类特点举例行为动词及物动词后面必须跟宾语We,is,can,dont,分类特点举例连系动词后面跟表语She _ a good s,【巧学助记】谓语动词的用法歌诀谓语动词可分四, 行为、情态、助动、连系。行为动词有实义, 可以独立作谓语。连系动词有实义, 须与表语在一起。can, may, must是情态, 动词原形离不开。助动词无实义, 不能独立作谓语
3、。时态、语态、疑问、否, do, be, will不能少。,【巧学助记】谓语动词的用法歌诀,考点2 动词的形式用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空(2017宿迁中考)Millie spends about two hours _ (finish) her homework every day. (2018荆门中考)As a mountain climber, Aron is used to _ (take) risks.,finishing,taking,考点2 动词的形式finishingtaking,(2017泰州中考) Some middle school students dont know
4、 how _(keep) a balance between study and play. 世纪金榜导学号,to keep,(2017泰州中考) Some middle schoo,【知识归纳】(1)助动词的形式及用法,【知识归纳】助动词作用beam/is/are +现在分词 ,助动词作用havehave/has +过去分词 现在完成,【巧学助记】助动词的用法歌诀时态、人称、疑问、否, be, do, will, have少不了。一般疑问句, 助动词放到句首去。变否定, 也简单, 助词后面not添。现在分词表进行, 离开be事难成。被动语态少了be, 时态、人称、句无意。如要构成完成时, h
5、ave, had不能去。,【巧学助记】助动词的用法歌诀,(2)动词第三人称单数的构成规律,(2)动词第三人称单数的构成规律词尾形式变化规则举例一般情况,词尾形式变化规则举例不规则变化have has读音规则一般,【巧学助记】巧记动词加-s或-es 动词有三单, 词尾常把 -s添。词尾若是s, ch, sh, 直接加上-es。词尾有字母x或o, 加上-es不用愁。辅音字母加y, 要把y变 i。,【巧学助记】巧记动词加-s或-es,(3)现在分词的构成规律,(3)现在分词的构成规律词尾形式变化规则举例一般情况直接加-,词尾形式变化规则举例以重读闭音节结尾, 且末尾只有一个辅音字,【巧学助记】现在分
6、词构成歌诀现在分词用途多, 进行时态不可缺。它的构成很好记, 动词后缀-ing。词尾若有哑音e, 去e再加没问题。一辅重读闭音节, 这个字母要双写。还有一点要注意, 改ie为y再加-ing。,【巧学助记】现在分词构成歌诀,(4)动词的过去式及过去分词的构成规律,(4)动词的过去式及过去分词的构成规律词尾形式规则举例一般情,词尾形式规则举例以重读闭音节或r音节结尾, 末尾只有一个辅音,【巧学助记1】规则动词过去式构成方法口诀过去式构成有规律, 一般词尾加-ed。如果词尾有个e, 直接加d就可以, “辅音字母+y”, 改y为i再加-ed, “一辅重闭”作尾巴, 双写之后-ed加。,【巧学助记1】规
7、则动词过去式构成方法口诀,【巧学助记2】巧记ABB型不规则动词(A代表动词原形, BB代表过去式和过去分词相同),【巧学助记2】巧记ABB型不规则动词(A代表动词原形, BB,原形特征过去式过去分词例词-ay-aid-aidsaypa,【巧学助记3】巧记ABC型不规则动词,【巧学助记3】巧记ABC型不规则动词原形特征过去式过去分词例,原形特征过去式过去分词例词-ow-ew-owngrow bl,【巧学助记4】巧记AAA型不规则动词击中(hit)、受伤(hurt)、让(let)、吐痰(spit)、去掉(rid)、花费(cost)、读(read)、放(put)、砍(cut)。,【巧学助记4】巧记A
8、AA型不规则动词,考点3 动词的词义辨析( )(2018深圳中考)Jack _to help at the underground station on Saturdays. Cool! Lets join him next Saturday. A. offersB. refusesC. forgets,A,考点3 动词的词义辨析A,( )(2017天水中考) How long may I _these books? For a week. A. borrowB. to borrowC. keepD. lend,C,( )(2017天水中考) How lon,【知识归纳】对动词词义的考查主要有
9、两点: 一是在具体的语言环境中辨析动词的意义; 二是考查一些近义词的用法辨析。常考的近义词如下: 1. borrow, lend, keep教你如何“借”东西!,【知识归纳】borrowborrow表示“借进”, 即说话人,lendlend表示“借出”, 即说话人把自己的东西借给别人,2. cost, spend, take, pay教你合理“消费”,2. cost, spend, take, pay教你合理“,taketake后面常跟双宾语, 常见用法有: It tak,3. wear, put on, dress, in 教你“穿”衣!,3. wear, put on, dress, in
10、 教你“,4. bring, take, fetch, carry“拿, 带”不同,4. bring, take, fetch, carry“拿,5. say, speak, tell, talk的“说”法不同,5. say, speak, tell, talk的“说”法,tell意为“讲述; 告诉”, 作及物动词时, 指把一件事或,6. used to, be(get) used to, 一词之差, 用法大变化,6. used to, be(get) used to, 一,考点4 动词短语的构成与辨析( )(2018黄冈中考)I find it difficult to learn Engl
11、ish well. I want to drop it. English is very important in our daily life. Never _. A. give up it B. give it up C. give away it D. give it away,B,考点4 动词短语的构成与辨析B,( )(2018荆州中考)We are planning a Yangtze River Perfection Day this weekend. Do you have any advice? Youd better_ signs around the school to tell all the students about that. A. make up B. put upC. set upD. show up,B,( )(2018荆州中考)We are pl,【知识归纳】,【知识归纳】,构成形式举例用法特点动词 + 副词come up被提及作及物,构成形式举例用法特点动词 + 副词 + 介词add up t,构成形式举例用法特点动词+名词+介词make contrib,构成形式举例用法特点动词+名词lose heart灰心be+,初中-英语-人教新目标-九年级全册-语法七-动词与动词短语,
