初中英语语法复习之介词讲解(共50张)课件.pptx

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1、介词的种类,一.表示时间介词,三.表示方位介词,二.表示地点介词,四.表示方法、手段,五.常见介词的搭配,介词的种类一.表示时间介词三.表示方位介词二.表示地点介词四,介词 1.是一种用来表示:词与词, :词与句之间的关系的词。 2.在句中不能单独作句子成分介词 后面一般有:名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语。,介词的含义,介词 1.是一种用来表示:词与词, 介词的含义,on,down,under,up,below,over,above,bewteen,ondownunderupbelowoverabovebew,什么是介词？它的作用是什么？,1.Look at me.(

2、)2.He goes to school by bike.( )3.He is interested in drawing.( )4.The book is on the desk.( ),代词,名词,动名词,介词:通常用在_、_、_ 之前，表示某个人、事物/东西、事件与 另一个之间的_。,名词,代词,名词,动名词,关系,什么是介词？它的作用是什么？1.Look at me.(,介词的主要分类：,1. at the cinema, in the hospital _2. Write with a pen, go by bus _ 3. in summer, on Septemper 1st _

3、4. by the way, at last, in the end _,地点介词,方式介词,时间介词,固定搭配,介词的主要分类：1. at the cinema, in t,一.时间介词,1.,注意：at noon 在中午 at night 在夜间 in the morning 在早上 on the morning of July 1st 在七月一日的早上 on a rainy day 在雨天,一.时间介词1. in年、月、季节及时间段（早、午、晚）on,一.地点介词,1.at the village , at home, at the corner of the street. _2.in

4、 Shanghai , in the country, in Asia, in the world, in space _3. in the box, on the chair, under the desk, next to Kate, on the right of Lucy, in front of the house, behind the door _,表示小地方用at,表示大地方用in,表示不同地方用具体不同的介词,一.地点介词1.at the village , at ho,.地点介词,At: 表示小地方用,In:表示大地方用,.地点介词At: 表示小地方用In:表示大地方用,方

5、式介词,使用工具用介词 with,使用器官用介词 with,使用语言用介词 in,使用声音用介词 in,使用方法用介词 in 或 by,方式介词使用工具用介词 with使用器官用介词 with使用,填上正确的地点介词：,1.在广州 _ Guangzhou 2.在电影院 _ the cinema3.在湖边 _ the lake 4.在海里 _ the sea5.树上的苹果 apples _ the tree6.书上的小鸟 birds _ the tree7.在天空上 _ the sky8.在农场上 _ the farm19.在街道上 _ the street,in,at,at,in,on,in,

6、in,on,in,表示大地方用in,填上正确的地点介词：1.在广州 _,6.by bike, by bus, by train, by plane, by ship, by car (on foot) by land 陆路， by sea 水路，by air 空运 _ 但：on the bike, on the bus, on the train, on the plane, on the ship, in the car7. Shanghai lies _the east of China.( ) Japan lies _the east of China.( ) Hubei lies _t

7、he north of Hunan.( )8.in a read coat, the girl in yellow, the boy in white _9.lie in bed, after a while, in the sun（在阳光下） under the sun（天下，世界上；到底，究竟）,使用交通工具用 by,in,to,on,在中国内部,在中国外部,两地接壤,表示穿衣服用 in,固定搭配,( ),6.by bike, by bus, by train, b,二.方式介词,1.write with a pen, cut with a knife, lock with a lock

8、_2. see with our eyes, do with our hands, smell with our noses, eat with our mouths _3. in English , in French , in your own words, in three language _4. in a loud voice, in a low voice _5. in this way, by this means _,使用工具用介词 with,使用器官用介词 with,使用语言用介词 in,使用声音用介词 in,使用方法用介词 in 或 by,二.方式介词1.write wit

9、h a pen, cut,1. Mary is flying to France soon. She will arrive in Paris _ the morning of July 9. A. on B. in C. at2. The twins were born _ a Friday evening. A. in B. on C. at3. We travelled overnight to Paris and arrived _5 oclock _ the morning. A. on, in B. at, in C. at, in4. We finish our lessons

10、_ 11:30 and then have a rest _ noon. A. in , in B. at ,at C. in, at,1. Mary is flying to France so,三.时间介词,1.at six oclock, at noon, at that time, at half past three, at mid-night _2.on Sunday, on New Years Day, on March 21st, on my birthday _3. in three days, in a week, in a month, in May, in 1998 _

11、4. in the morning, in the afternoon , in the evening _ 但： on the morning of May 1st5. at night = _ _ night6. in the day = in the _,表示点钟或具体一点时间用 at,表示在某一天用 on,表示大于一天的时间用 in,在早上/下午/傍晚 用 in,in,the,day-time,三.时间介词1.at six oclock, at no,3. for + 时段 since + 时段 + ago since + 时间点 since + 一般过去时句子,常用于现在完成时,1.

12、He came here _ 1992, and he has lived here _ 1992. A. in, for B. in , since C. since, since2.I have known Li Lei _ over five years. A. in B. since C. for,3. for + 时段常用于现在完成时1.He ca,3. It has been three years since he _ here. A. come B. came C. comes4. The old man has been away _ two years ago. A. in

13、 B. since C. for,3. It has been three years sin,2. in + 时间段 在之后（内），多用于将来时 after +时间段 在之后， 多用于过去时 1. Mr Brown has gone to Canada.He will be back _ two weeks. A. for B. after C. in 2. Our manager came back _ an hour. A. in B. after C. at,2. in + 时间段 在之后（内），多用于将来时,2. above 在上方 below 在下方,是above的反义词1. Th

14、e temperature will fall_zero at night. A.below B.above C.over2.Suddenly there is a loud voice _ the tree. A.below B.above C.on3.There is a clock on the wall. Its _ the blackboard. A.on B.in C.above,2. above 在上方,4. before 在之前 by 到时为止,不迟于1.He wont come back _ five . A.before B. after C.by2.The work mu

15、st be finished _ Friday. A.at B.by C.after3.We had three meetings _ last Friday. A.in B.before C. by,4. before 在之前,4.A road is _our city and there is much traffic _it. A. on, over B.above, on C.over, on5.The sun rose _the horizon(地平线). A. on B. above C.over 注意: on 接触平面 over 在平面的正上方 above 在上方,4.A roa

16、d is _our city and th,3. in + 大地方 at + 小地 方 on +门牌，某层楼1.My uncle live _ F12 _the fifth floor. A.at, on B. in,on C.on, at2.They arrived _Beijing at 12:00 and waited for a bus _ the station to the hotel. A.at, in B. in, on C. in, at,3. in + 大地方,二.地点介词,1.on 在的上面,与表面接触 over 在的正上方,不接触表面 under 在下面(是on,ove

17、r的反义词)1.Look!There is a bridge_the river. A.on B. over C.above2.Can you see the egg _ the plate? A.on B.in C.over3.The light_us is very bright. A.over B.under C.on,二.地点介词 1.on 在的上面,与表面接,2.,1.We are _Team One.I sit _the front of the classroom.Li Ping is _my left. A.on, in , at B.in ,in ,at C.in, at,

18、on2.I have a good seat. I sit _the bus. A.in the front of B.in front of 3.The teacher is standing _ our class and give a talk. A.in the front of B.in front of,2.in里面，排、行、组on左、右边at前、后部1.We a,表示在上时，不是都用on，有时须用in。在树上in the tree 用于指树上的鸟、人等。on the tree用于指生长在树上的叶子、果实。在墙上in the wall镶嵌在墙内，指窗户、门、钉子等。on the w

19、all在墙的表面之上，指地图、画像等。在报纸上in the newspaper用于指报上的内容。on the newspaper用于指放在报纸上的东西，如眼镜等。,in, on,表示在上时，不是都用on，有时须用in。in,1.in 在某范围之内 to 在某范围之内 on 与某地相邻、接壤 1.China lies _the east of Asia and _the north of Australia. A. in, on B. in ,to C. to, in 2.Mongolia is _the north of China. A. in B. on C. to,三.方位介词,1.in

20、 在某范围之内三.方位介词,3. to 表目的地或去的目的 for 动身去某地 1.He got on a train _ Shanghai . A.to B. for C. towards 2.Wil you take a train_ Tianjian. A. to B. for C.at 3. Im leaving _ Beijing next week. A. to B. for C. towards,3. to 表目的地或去的目的,常用易混淆介词辨析,after/ in 皆可表示时间在之后，其区别为：after .表示“在某点时间之后”，用于将来时。如： Well go out fo

21、r a walk after supper.表示“一段时间之后”，用于过去时。如： My mother came home after half an hour.in表示“一段时间之后”，用于将来时。如： Well go to school in two weeks.,常用易混淆介词辨析after/ in,4.cross 表面穿过 through 中间穿过 1.The sunshine come into the room _ the window. A. across B. through C. past 2.You can go _ the road here. A. across B.

22、through C. past 3.Can you swim _ the river. A. across B. through C. past,4.cross 表面穿过,besides /exceptWe have seen the crocodile besides Li Fang（除之外，还有）全部计算在内We are all Chinese except Tom in our class.（除之外，不计算在内）All the students in our class went to the cinema _ Kangkang, why?Because he had a bad col

23、d. AExcept Bbesides CBeside Dwithout,【解析】except“除之外”，排除在外的意思；besides“除之外”，包含在内；beside“在旁边”；without“没有”。根据题意可知用except，故选A。,besides /except【解析】except“除之,between /among1) between 多指两者之间。如：Whats the difference between the two words? 2) among 指三者或三者以上的同类事物之间，在或笼统的一群人或一些物之中，表示“在中间，在之中”。如：The young people

24、lived and worked among the workers. 注意：我们可以说between you and me，但不能说 between you and I，因为between是介词。 3) between还可以用来指三个或三个以上的人或物的每两个之间。三个或三个以上的名词用and连接，前面用between，而不用among。如：There is not much difference between the three of them. Switzerland lies _ France, Ger-many, Austria and Italy.,between,between

25、 /amongbetween,1. cross 作动词用，“穿过，越过”的意思。主要表示在物体表面上横穿。如横过马路、过桥、过河等，与go across同义。cross作名词用是“十字架，十字形饰物”的意思。2. across是介词，有“横跨，横穿，穿越”之意。across与go/walk等动词连用表示“穿过，越过，横穿”的意思。与cross基本同义，也是表示从物体表面经过。,cross，across, through,3.through是介词，“在.之中，透过”的意思，常与go,walk等动词连用，主要表示从物体内部穿过。如穿过森林、隧洞等,1. cross 作动词用，“穿过，越过”的意思。

26、主要表示在,over表示与某物不接触的“正上方”，under与其相对，表示“正下方”。The sky is over our heads. 天空在我们头顶上。The cat is under the table. 那只猫在桌子底下。above表示“在的上方”，“高于”；below与其相对，表示“在的下面”，“低于”。The temperature will stay above zero in the day time，but at night it will fall below zero again.白天气温将保持在零度以上，但在晚上又将降到零度以下。on指两个物体表面接触，一个在另一的上

27、面。They put some flowers on the teachers desk.他们把一些花放在讲桌上。,over, above, on,over表示与某物不接触的“正上方”，under与其相对，表,in front of 表示“在某人或某物的前面”，在某个范围以外；in the front of 表示“在的前部”，在某个范围以内例如：There are some tall trees in front of the building.在楼前有一些高树。The teacher is sitting in the front of the classroom.老师坐在教室前面,in f

28、ront of, in the front of,in front of 表示“在某人或某物的前面”，在某个范,1. We must _ the road very carefully.2. Before going _ the road, you should look left first and then right.3. I try to get into the room _ the window because I cant open the door.4. They drove _ the street quickly, but the police caught them at

29、 last.5. Its dangerous to swim _ the river.6. Go _ the bridge and you will see the station.,cross,across,across,across,across,through,1. We must _ the road v,表示“延续的一段时间”时，可用“for时间段”或“since过去的时间点”，常与含延续动词的完成时连用。How long have you been in this city?你在这座城市待了多久了？For ten years. 十年。Mr Smith has lived here

30、since 1998.史密斯先生自从1998年就住在这。,since, for,表示“延续的一段时间”时，可用“for时间段”或“sinc,aboveoveronbelowunder,above,over,below,under,on,Be careful, there is a heavy box_ your head.The sun is _ the mountain in the east.There are some stamps _ the desk.The position he pointed to was _ the sea level.The little mouse is

31、_ the table, so it is not easy to find it.,over,above,on,abovebelow,under,aboveoveronbelowunderabove,1.We usually have lunch_ noon.2.Lin Tao was born_ February 18th.3.Ann sits_ my right,_ Kates left.She sits_us.4.My father is leaving_ Suzhou tomorrow.5.We must learn_ each other.,at,on,on,on,between,

32、for,from,用适当的介词填空,1.We usually have lunch_,单词拼写:,1.There are _( 超过 )sixty students in our class.2. Fish cant live_( 没有 ) water. 3. We havent seen each other for a long time _(自从 ) we met last time.4. Do you worry about _( 他们 ) ?5. Whos _( 值日 ) duty today?6. Have you paid _( 付款 ) the book?7. Please t

33、urn_( 关掉 ) the lights.8. Its bad for your health to go to school_( 不吃) breakfast.,over,without,since,them,on,for,off,without,单词拼写:1.There are _( 超过 )six,1.His father is very angry_him his study. A. at，with B.with，at C.to，about D.about，to2.Paper is made_wood. A.from B.of C.by D.in3.The basket is full

34、_apples. A.with B.of C.in D.by4.Kate cant come. Lets ask wei Hua instead_her. A.of B.for C.to D.with5.The heavy rain stopped me_getting to school on time. A. to B.from C.on D.for,B,A,B,A,B,1.His father is very angry_,6.They went_ the gate and entered the garden.7.We can do all things _our hands._the

35、 end of the last cap，he caught up _the others.9.Be kind_people.Dont shout _people.10.Last month he worked_ a teacher _three weeks.,through,with,At,with,to,at,as,for,6.They went_ the gate,11.He is rich _ unhappy. A.or B.and C.so D.but12.Take a rest _ you finish the work. A.before B.after C.until D.wh

36、ile13.You cant pass the exam, _ you study hard. A.if B.of C.unless D.and14._our team tried best, _ we failed. A.Though,but B.Because,so C.If,and D. Though,/15.Dont get off _the bus stops. A.when B.after C.until D.so,D,B,D,C,C,11.He is rich _ unhappy.DB,6.Li Lidas parents are very proud _ their son.

37、A.to B.in C.for D.of7.The fox looked up_ a cock sitting the tree. A. to，in B.at,in C. for，on D.at，on8.Please wait _ the bus stop near my home. A.for B.at C.next D. in front9.Where is your bike made_? A.in B.from C. of D./10.When the red light is on，its dangerous to go_the street. A.across B.through

38、C. cross D. to,D,B,B,D,A,6.Li Lidas parents are very p,22. My aunt arrived here _a warm spring morning. A. in B. at C. on,23. A:When did your uncle arrive _ China? B: He got to Guangzhou_the morning of the 16th of April. A. in, on B. in, in C. at, on24. Hawaii is famous _its beautiful beaches. A. in

39、 B. for C. with25. We must stop children from_with fire. A. play B. played C. playing,C,A,B,C,22. My aunt arrived here _a,16.There is a good play_TV this evening. A. on B. by C. in 17. How far is it _ Guangzhou_Beijing? A. fromto B. fromfor C. awayto18. Japan lies _the east of China. A. to B. in C.

40、on19. Mr. Brown has gone to Canada. He will be back _ tow weeks. A. for B. after C. in20. A: What time did you get there this morning? B: _ eight. A. In B. At C. On21. We all agree _you. Lets start at once. A. to B. for C. with,A,A,A,C,B,C,16.There is a good play_T,31.It is said that a new zoo will

41、be built in our town. Im _ it. Zoos are terrible for animals. Athrough Bbesides Cagainst Dexcept32.When will the party be held? _ two weeks time, _ 15th July. A.In; on B.In; in C.On; on D.At; on33.Lin Lin often practices English _ chatting with her American friend. A.in B.by C.for D.with34. You look

42、 tired. _ working indoors you should be out for a walk.A.Ahead of B.Instead of C.In front of D.In spite of35. Last night he had a bed to sleep _， but I had only a chair to sit _. A.in; on B./; / C.on; in D.in; to,A,C,B,A,B,31.It is said that a new zoo,26. Look, Tina is waiting _ the bus stop. Afor B

43、at Cin DTo27. What would you like to do _ such a bad boy? Awith Bon Cat Din28.The young man walked _ the forest and came to a big river at last. Aon Bover Cthrough Dacross29.The food _ my country is quite different _ that here. Ain; like Bto; from Cfrom; to Din; from30. Taiwan is a beautiful island

44、and its _ the east of Fujian. Ain Bon Cto,B,A,C,D,C,26. Look, Tina is waiting _,形容词+介词,be good/poor at, be used to, be pleased with,be used to, be surprised at, be different from,be bad for, be interested in, be keen on, be busy with, be able to ,be careful with,be fond of , be ready for, be full of

45、, be thankful tobe responsible for, be proud of, be angry with,be famous for, be afraid of, be late for,be satisfied with, be strict with, be familiar to/with,形容词+介词be good/poor at, be used,36.When I got in to the room，Sue was busy talking _ the phone. A.with B.on C.to D.in 37.Would you like some co

46、ffee?Yes, and please get me some milk. I prefer coffee _milk. A.with B.to C.of D.on38. Sally is very happy. There is a big smile_ her face. A.on B.to C.in D.at39.Many teenagers have hobbies. But sometimes these hobbies can get _ of schoolwork.A.on the way B.by the way C.in the way D.out of the way40

47、.Why are you standing there, Maggie? I cant see the blackboard clearly. Two tall boys are sitting _ me.A.behind B.in front of C.beside D.next to,A,B,C,A,B,36.When I got in to the room，S,介词+名词,at the moment, at the same time, at workby bike, by phone, by the way, for examplefor the first time, in fac

48、t, in danger, in a minuteon holiday, on the phone, to ones surpriseon average, for the time being, with surprisewith the help of,介词+名词at the moment, at the sam,动词+介词,talk about, die of/from, spendon, worry about,enter for, look after, stopfrom, arrive in/at ,look for, protectfrom, listen to, look at, send for, take part in, preferto, laugh at,wait for ,call on sb., work at, learn from, depend on, ask for, hear from, pay for,operate on, belong to, agree with,动词+介词talk about, die of/from,