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1、1,情态动词,Modal Verbs,2,情态动词有哪些?,can /may/must/ will / shall / should / ought toneed /darehad better/ would rather, used to / have to / be able to,3,情态动词的含义,1.能力2.请求/准许3.可能性,1.请求/准许2.可能性 *3.祝愿,1.义务(必须); 2.猜测(肯定),需要,敢,愿意,1.征求意见 2“应该”(should),4,“能够”（能力）,“不得不/必须”,“应该”,“ 过去（常常）”,“最好”,“ 宁愿”,情态动词的含义,5,情态动词的结
2、构,*后接动词原形, 与动词原形一起构成复合谓语*情态动词无人称和数的变化,We can speak English.You mustnt smoke here.He dare not speak to you.You neednt go now.Will you help me？He might come, but Im not sure.It must have rained last night.It should have been done yesterday.,“能够”(能力)“不准”(禁止)“不敢”“不必”“愿意”(请求)“可能”(推测)“肯定”(推测)“应该”(责备),6,情态
3、动词在使用中应特别注意的问题,过去式并不一定表示过去：can/ could; may/might Could you come earlier tomorrow ? (请求) She might be right. (推测)May I/ we .问句的回答： -Might/ May I watch TV now? -Yes, you can/may. (或： Yes, please do.) - May/Might I take this book out of the room? - No, you cant/mustnt. (或： No, youd better not.) 3. Must
4、 I/we /he 问句的否定回答： No, . neednt /dont have to *mustnt 的含义：表“禁止” “不允许”,7,4. 情态动词表推测时应注意的几个问题: 1) 完全否定推测用cant be（“不可能”）: 肯定推测用must be（“肯定，一定”） He cant be Peter. Peter has gone abroad. 2) 疑问句中的推测用canbe: Can it be Tom who did it? 3) must be doing :对正在发生的动作的肯定推测： It is eight oclock. He must be watching T
5、V now. 4) must have done :对已发生的动作的肯定推测： It is wet outside.It must have rained last night.,8,1. -Who is crying? -It _ be Tom. Hes just lost the game. 2. - Who is crying? _ it be Tom? - No, it _ be him. I just heard him singing in the street. 3. He is black and blue all over. His father _ (beat) him.
6、4. The train started an hour ago. Now it _ (travel) on the great plain.,must Can cant,must have beaten,must be travelling,9,5.情态动词must表推测时的反意问句的构成： 要根据陈述部分(must)后的内容来确定： He must be tired now, _? You must have seen the film,_? It must have rained heavily last night,_? They must be waiting for us now,
7、_?,isnt he? havent you didnt it arent they,10,6. 情态动词+have done 时有表示责备的含义： should/ ought to have done (本该做而实际上没做） shouldnt/oughtnt have done (本不该做而实际做了） could have done （本可以做成而实际上没） neednt have done （本不必做而实际上却做了）,1) Why are you doing your homework now? You should have done it before class.2) You sho
8、uldnt have told him about it.It may hurt him.3) You are late. You ought to have come earlier.4) You could have passed the exam if you had been careful enough.5) You neednt have told her the news, for I had told her earlier.,11,7. shall, will, would 用法： Shall I turn on the light, madam ? (征求意见) What
9、shall we do now ? (征求意见) I wont see him any more. (意愿) Would/Will you type this right now, please ? *Shall she type this right now ? (征求意见),8. would “总是” / used to“过去常常” On Sundays he would go to call on the old man when he was young. I used to get up late, but now I have got used to getting up very
10、 early. * used to 的否定形式: usednt to / didnt use to,12,9. dare 和 need既可以作情态动词用, 又可以作实义动词用1) I dare sayHow dare you say that to me ?- Dare he go alone? - No, he dare not.-Does he dare to go alone? - No, he doesnt. -Need he do it now? No he neednt. (Yes, he must)- Does he need to go there at once? Yes,
11、he does *作情态动词用时没有人称的变化,She _(dare / dares) not go there alone. =She _( dare not / doesnt dare ) to go there alone.,13,情态动词翻译练习,14,1. (There is a knock on the door)- Who _ it _ ? (会是谁呢？)-It _ _ the postman. （肯定是邮递员）- It _ _ the postman. （不可能是邮递员）-It _ _ the guard.（也许是保安）,can,be,must be,cant be,may b
12、e,15,2. It _ _ _ last night, for the ground is wet.（昨晚肯定下雨了）3. -Where is Mary? -She _ _ _ to the library.（肯定去图书馆了）-She _ _ _ to the library. I saw him in the teachers office.（不可能去图书馆）,must have rained,must have gone,cant have gone,16,4. -Do you know where Tom is ?- He _ _ _ to the dining room, I am
13、not sure.（也许去了餐厅）5. You _ _ _ _ your homework yesterday.（本来应该上交）6. My father _ _ _ my sister last night. She is a good girl.（本来不应该责备）,may have gone,should have handed in,shouldnt have scolded,17,7.Lily came to school last Sunday. She _ _ _ to school. （本来没必要上学）8. You _ _ _ your home- work better last
14、 time. （本来可以做得更好）9. _ I open the window, Mr Wang?（可以）10. I _ beat you if you tell me a lie.（我会打你的）,neednt have gone,could have done,May,shall,18,11. _ I go there tomorrow? （可以）Yes, you _. (No, you _.)12. _ I finish my work today,?（必须）No, you _. Yes, you _.13. _ you come home alone at night?（敢） Yes,
15、I _.14. I _ _tell him the bad news.（不敢）15. I _ _ _ tell him the bad news.（不敢）,May,may,mustnt,Must,neednt,must,Dare,dare,dare not,dont dare to,19,16. You _ _ come to school this afternoon.（不必）17.You _ _ _ come to school this afternoon.（不必）18. He _ go home, ( 可以) but you _ _.（不可以）19.It is getting dark
16、, I _ _ go home.(必须）20. The house was on fire, but we _ _ _ get out of the fire.（能够）,neednt,dont need to,may,may not,have to,were able to,20,21. I _ swim when I was ten.（能够）22. You _ _ go with us.（最好）23. Liu Hulan _ _ die _ surrender.（宁死不屈）24. My father _ _ （过去） live in the countryside_ _?25. The yo
17、ung _ _ take care of the old,（应该）_ _?,could,had better,would rather,than,used to,usednt he/didnt he,ought to,oughtnt they,21,26. He _ _ tell the truth(不得不), _ _?27. _ you _ _ have another cup of coffee?（想再喝一杯咖啡吗？）28. He said the story _ _ true.（不可能是真的）29. Must I go home now? Yes, you _, (No, you _.)30. Our teacher is not in her office, she _ to the library.（也许去了）,has to,doesnt he,Would,like to,couldnt be,must,neednt,may have gone,
