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1、电子设计大赛培训第二阶段第*组报告基于利用时钟芯片DS1302实现万年历，1602LCD显示电子表成员姓名：* 学号：*成员姓名：HG* 学号：*成员姓名：* 学号：*一、 主要功能1、在1602液晶上显示年、月、日、星期、时、分、秒以及实时温度，并且实时更新显示；2、通过按键随时调节各显示参数，分别实现光标定位、数值增大、数值减小、闹钟和温度上下限查看的功能；3.在时间出现乱码的情况下，具有一键初始化时间的功能。二、电路图三、实物图1.开关模块2、显示模块3、at89c52模块4、总体连接图四、心得体会本次设计是我们遇到过的较大的设计，所以遇到的问题也比较的多，尤其是以前没有接触过如此复杂的
2、硬件电路以及软件编程，在软、硬件设计和调试中遇到了不少的困难，在同学的帮助才逐一克服了难题，学习到了不少的专业知识。在整个设计过程之前，我已经在网上找了相关方面的资料，万事开始难，一开始不知道从哪里下手。后来慢慢学会分析系统，将系统模块化，各个模块可以在软件或者硬件上实现。在确保各个模块的硬件电路和与之相搭配的程序能够正常工作后在把它们组成一个系统。在今后的日子里，我会进一步加强自己的动手能力，丰富自己的知识面。总之，这次设计给我的最大感触就是，在以后的学习中勤动脑，多动手。附录：1、元件清单AT89C52 一块LCD 一个排阻 3个DS1302 一个DS18B20 一个开关 5个晶振 2个瓷
3、片电容 2个， 30PF电解电容 一个， 33Uf插针 若干杜邦线 若干2、程序#include #include /#include LCD1602.h/#include DS1302.h#define uint unsigned int#define uchar unsigned charsbit DS1302_CLK = P17; /实时时钟时钟线引脚 sbit DS1302_IO = P16; /实时时钟数据线引脚 sbit DS1302_RST = P15; /实时时钟复位线引脚sbit wireless_1 = P30;sbit wireless_2 = P31;sbit wire
4、less_3 = P32;sbit wireless_4 = P33;sbit ACC0 = ACC0;sbit ACC7 = ACC7;char hide_sec,hide_min,hide_hour,hide_day,hide_week,hide_month,hide_year; /秒,分,时到日,月,年位闪的计数sbit Set = P20; /模式切换键sbit Up = P21; /加法按钮sbit Down = P22; /减法按钮sbit out = P23; /立刻跳出调整模式按钮sbit DQ = P10; /温度传送数据IO口char done,count,temp,fla
5、g,up_flag,down_flag;uchar temp_value; /温度值uchar TempBuffer5,week_value2;void show_time(); /液晶显示程序/*1602液晶显示部分子程序*/Port Definitions*sbit LcdRs= P25;sbit LcdRw= P26;sbit LcdEn = P27;sfr DBPort = 0x80;/P0=0x80,P1=0x90,P2=0xA0,P3=0xB0.数据端口/内部等待函数*unsigned char LCD_Wait(void)LcdRs=0;LcdRw=1;_nop_();LcdEn
6、=1; _nop_(); LcdEn=0;return DBPort;/向LCD写入命令或数据*#define LCD_COMMAND0 / Command#define LCD_DATA1 / Data#define LCD_CLEAR_SCREEN0x01 / 清屏#define LCD_HOMING 0x02 / 光标返回原点void LCD_Write(bit style, unsigned char input)LcdEn=0;LcdRs=style;LcdRw=0;_nop_();DBPort=input;_nop_();/注意顺序LcdEn=1;_nop_();/注意顺序LcdE
7、n=0;_nop_();LCD_Wait();/设置显示模式*#define LCD_SHOW0x04 /显示开#define LCD_HIDE0x00 /显示关 #define LCD_CURSOR0x02 /显示光标#define LCD_NO_CURSOR0x00 /无光标 #define LCD_FLASH0x01 /光标闪动#define LCD_NO_FLASH0x00 /光标不闪动void LCD_SetDisplay(unsigned char DisplayMode)LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND, 0x08|DisplayMode);/设置输入模式*#defin
8、e LCD_AC_UP0x02#define LCD_AC_DOWN0x00 / default#define LCD_MOVE0x01 / 画面可平移#define LCD_NO_MOVE0x00 /defaultvoid LCD_SetInput(unsigned char InputMode)LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND, 0x04|InputMode);/初始化LCD*void LCD_Initial()LcdEn=0;LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND,0x38); /8位数据端口,2行显示,5*7点阵LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND,0x38);LC
9、D_SetDisplay(LCD_SHOW|LCD_NO_CURSOR); /开启显示, 无光标LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND,LCD_CLEAR_SCREEN); /清屏LCD_SetInput(LCD_AC_UP|LCD_NO_MOVE); /AC递增, 画面不动/液晶字符输入的位置*void GotoXY(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)if(y=0)LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND,0x80|x);if(y=1)LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND,0x80|(x-0x40);/将字符输出到液晶显示void Print(un
10、signed char *str)while(*str!=0)LCD_Write(LCD_DATA,*str);str+;/*DS1302时钟部分子程序*/typedef struct _SYSTEMTIME_unsigned char Second;unsigned char Minute;unsigned char Hour;unsigned char Week;unsigned char Day;unsigned char Month;unsigned char Year;unsigned char DateString11;unsigned char TimeString9;SYSTE
11、MTIME;/定义的时间类型SYSTEMTIME CurrentTime;#define AM(X)X#define PM(X)(X+12) / 转成24小时制#define DS1302_SECOND0x80 /时钟芯片的寄存器位置,存放时间#define DS1302_MINUTE0x82#define DS1302_HOUR0x84 #define DS1302_WEEK0x8A#define DS1302_DAY0x86#define DS1302_MONTH0x88#define DS1302_YEAR0x8C void DS1302InputByte(unsigned char d
12、) /实时时钟写入一字节(内部函数) unsigned char i; ACC = d; for(i=8; i0; i-) DS1302_IO = ACC0; /相当于汇编中的 RRC DS1302_CLK = 1; DS1302_CLK = 0; ACC = ACC 1; unsigned char DS1302OutputByte(void) /实时时钟读取一字节(内部函数) unsigned char i; for(i=8; i0; i-) ACC = ACC 1; /相当于汇编中的 RRC ACC7 = DS1302_IO; DS1302_CLK = 1; DS1302_CLK = 0
13、; return(ACC); void Write1302(unsigned char ucAddr, unsigned char ucDa)/ucAddr: DS1302地址, ucData: 要写的数据 DS1302_RST = 0; DS1302_CLK = 0; DS1302_RST = 1; DS1302InputByte(ucAddr); / 地址，命令 DS1302InputByte(ucDa); / 写1Byte数据 DS1302_CLK = 1; DS1302_RST = 0; unsigned char Read1302(unsigned char ucAddr)/读取DS
14、1302某地址的数据 unsigned char ucData; DS1302_RST = 0; DS1302_CLK = 0; DS1302_RST = 1; DS1302InputByte(ucAddr|0x01); / 地址，命令 ucData = DS1302OutputByte(); / 读1Byte数据 DS1302_CLK = 1; DS1302_RST = 0; return(ucData);void DS1302_GetTime(SYSTEMTIME *Time) /获取时钟芯片的时钟数据到自定义的结构型数组unsigned char ReadValue;ReadValue
15、= Read1302(DS1302_SECOND);Time-Second = (ReadValue&0x70)4)*10 + (ReadValue&0x0F);ReadValue = Read1302(DS1302_MINUTE);Time-Minute = (ReadValue&0x70)4)*10 + (ReadValue&0x0F);ReadValue = Read1302(DS1302_HOUR);Time-Hour = (ReadValue&0x70)4)*10 + (ReadValue&0x0F);ReadValue = Read1302(DS1302_DAY);Time-Day
16、 = (ReadValue&0x70)4)*10 + (ReadValue&0x0F);ReadValue = Read1302(DS1302_WEEK);Time-Week = (ReadValue&0x70)4)*10 + (ReadValue&0x0F);ReadValue = Read1302(DS1302_MONTH);Time-Month = (ReadValue&0x70)4)*10 + (ReadValue&0x0F);ReadValue = Read1302(DS1302_YEAR);Time-Year = (ReadValue&0x70)4)*10 + (ReadValue
17、&0x0F);void DateToStr(SYSTEMTIME *Time) /将时间年,月,日,星期数据转换成液晶显示字符串,放到数组里DateString if(hide_year2) /这里的if,else语句都是判断位闪烁,2就不显示,输出字符串为 2007/07/22 Time-DateString0 = 2; Time-DateString1 = 0; Time-DateString2 = Time-Year/10 + 0; Time-DateString3 = Time-Year%10 + 0; else Time-DateString0 = ; Time-DateString
18、1 = ; Time-DateString2 = ; Time-DateString3 = ;Time-DateString4 = /;if(hide_monthDateString5 = Time-Month/10 + 0; Time-DateString6 = Time-Month%10 + 0; else Time-DateString5 = ; Time-DateString6 = ; Time-DateString7 = /;if(hide_dayDateString8 = Time-Day/10 + 0; Time-DateString9 = Time-Day%10 + 0; el
19、se Time-DateString8 = ; Time-DateString9 = ; if(hide_weekWeek%10 + 0; /星期的数据另外放到 week_value数组里,跟年,月,日的分开存放,因为等一下要在最后显示 else week_value0 = ; week_value1 = 0;Time-DateString10 = 0; /字符串末尾加 0 ,判断结束字符void TimeToStr(SYSTEMTIME *Time) /将时,分,秒数据转换成液晶显示字符放到数组 TimeString; if(hide_hourTimeString0 = Time-Hour/
20、10 + 0; Time-TimeString1 = Time-Hour%10 + 0; else Time-TimeString0 = ; Time-TimeString1 = ;Time-TimeString2 = :; if(hide_minTimeString3 = Time-Minute/10 + 0; Time-TimeString4 = Time-Minute%10 + 0; else Time-TimeString3 = ; Time-TimeString4 = ; Time-TimeString5 = :; if(hide_secTimeString6 = Time-Seco
21、nd/10 + 0; Time-TimeString7 = Time-Second%10 + 0; else Time-TimeString6 = ; Time-TimeString7 = ; Time-DateString8 = 0;void Initial_DS1302(void) /时钟芯片初始化 unsigned char Second=Read1302(DS1302_SECOND);if(Second&0x80) /判断时钟芯片是否关闭 Write1302(0x8e,0x00); /写入允许Write1302(0x8c,0x07); /以下写入初始化时间 日期:07/07/25.星期
22、: 3. 时间: 23:59:55Write1302(0x88,0x07);Write1302(0x86,0x25);Write1302(0x8a,0x07);Write1302(0x84,0x23);Write1302(0x82,0x59);Write1302(0x80,0x55);Write1302(0x8e,0x80); /禁止写入/*ds18b20子程序*/*ds18b20延迟子函数（晶振12MHz ）*/ void delay_18B20(unsigned int i)while(i-);/*ds18b20初始化函数*/void Init_DS18B20(void) unsigned
23、 char x=0; DQ = 1; /DQ复位 delay_18B20(8); /稍做延时 DQ = 0; /单片机将DQ拉低 delay_18B20(80); /精确延时 大于 480us DQ = 1; /拉高总线 delay_18B20(14); x=DQ; /稍做延时后 如果x=0则初始化成功 x=1则初始化失败 delay_18B20(20);/*ds18b20读一个字节*/ unsigned char ReadOneChar(void)uchar i=0;uchar dat = 0;for (i=8;i0;i-) DQ = 0; / 给脉冲信号 dat=1; DQ = 1; /
24、给脉冲信号 if(DQ) dat|=0x80; delay_18B20(4); return(dat);/*ds18b20写一个字节*/ void WriteOneChar(uchar dat) unsigned char i=0; for (i=8; i0; i-) DQ = 0; DQ = dat&0x01; delay_18B20(5); DQ = 1; dat=1; /*读取ds18b20当前温度*/void ReadTemp(void)unsigned char a=0;unsigned char b=0;unsigned char t=0;Init_DS18B20();WriteO
25、neChar(0xCC); / 跳过读序号列号的操作WriteOneChar(0x44); / 启动温度转换delay_18B20(100); / this message is wery importantInit_DS18B20();WriteOneChar(0xCC); /跳过读序号列号的操作WriteOneChar(0xBE); /读取温度寄存器等（共可读9个寄存器） 前两个就是温度delay_18B20(100);a=ReadOneChar(); /读取温度值低位b=ReadOneChar(); /读取温度值高位temp_value=b4; void temp_to_str() /温
26、度数据转换成液晶字符显示 TempBuffer0=temp_value/10+0; /十位 TempBuffer1=temp_value%10+0; /个位 TempBuffer2=0xdf; /温度符号 TempBuffer3=C; TempBuffer4=0;void Delay1ms(unsigned int count)unsigned int i,j;for(i=0;icount;i+)for(j=0;j0;delay-) for(i=0;i0x59) /超过59秒,清零 temp=0; break; case 2: temp=Read1302(DS1302_MINUTE); /读取
27、分数 temp=temp+1; /分数加1 up_flag=1; if(temp0x59) /超过59分,清零 temp=0; break; case 3: temp=Read1302(DS1302_HOUR); /读取小时数 temp=temp+1; /小时数加1 up_flag=1; if(temp0x23) /超过23小时,清零 temp=0; break; case 4: temp=Read1302(DS1302_WEEK); /读取星期数 temp=temp+1; /星期数加1 up_flag=1; if(temp0x7) temp=1; break; case 5: temp=Re
28、ad1302(DS1302_DAY); /读取日数 temp=temp+1; /日数加1 up_flag=1; if(temp0x31) temp=1; break; case 6: temp=Read1302(DS1302_MONTH); /读取月数 temp=temp+1; /月数加1 up_flag=1; if(temp0x12) temp=1; break; case 7: temp=Read1302(DS1302_YEAR); /读取年数 temp=temp+1; /年数加1 up_flag=1; if(temp0x85) temp=0; break; default:break;
29、while(Up=0); while(wireless_2=1); /void Downkey()/降序按键 Down=1; if(Down=0|wireless_3=1) mdelay(8); switch(count) case 1: temp=Read1302(DS1302_SECOND); /读取秒数 temp=temp-1;/秒数减1 down_flag=1; /数据调整后更新标志 if(temp=0x7f) /小于0秒,返回59秒 temp=0x59; break; case 2: temp=Read1302(DS1302_MINUTE); /读取分数 temp=temp-1; /
30、分数减1 down_flag=1; if(temp=-1) temp=0x59; /小于0秒,返回59秒 break; case 3: temp=Read1302(DS1302_HOUR); /读取小时数 temp=temp-1; /小时数减1 down_flag=1; if(temp=-1) temp=0x23; break; case 4: temp=Read1302(DS1302_WEEK); /读取星期数 temp=temp-1; /星期数减1 down_flag=1; if(temp=0) temp=0x7; break; case 5: temp=Read1302(DS1302_DAY);
