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1、可数名词与不可数名词,1.可数名词的用法,当人或事物只有一个的时候，称为单数。习惯上，我们用a,an 或 one 来表示这种单个的数量。,a peach,a strawberry,a watermelon,a cherry,an egg,an apple,an orange,an ice-cream,以元音音素开头的单词的单数形式前面用an;元音字母 a e i o u,2.可数名词的构成和用法,1)一般在名词的后面加上-s,在清辅音后发-s,在浊辅音和元音后发-z.如：,a biscuit,five biscuits-s,a watermelon,three watermelons-z,a
2、pear,eleven pears-z,watches,boxes,fishes,buses,rule,rule,2)以字母 s,sh,x,ch结尾的单词，变为复数时在其后加es,dish-,bus-,fox-,fish-,dishes,buses,foxes,fish,fishes(种类),hero-heroes,tamato-tamatoes,potato-potatoes,buffalo-buffaloes,rule,3)骑着水牛（buffaloes）的英雄们(heroes)爱吃西红柿(tamatoes)和马铃薯(potatoes)。,其他以“o”结尾的单词直接加“S”,piano-,r
3、adio-,photo-,city-,key-,rule,元音字母+y结尾的：y-+s,cities,keys,5)以-f或-fe结尾的，有的直接加-s,有的改-f或-fe为-v,再加-es,读作-vz.如：,a leaf,two leaves-vz,police publicfamily（家人）people（人们）the+姓s 例：the Smiths,表示复数的名词（复合名词）,史密斯一家人,My family is(be)a big one.All my family are(be)in China now.,rule,复合词的复数：改中心词为复数,girl students,eg：,w
4、oman teacher-women teachers man teacher-men teachers,news politicsmathsphysicsthermos,看似复数实际是单数的名词：,消息,政治,数学,物理,热水壶,1.No news good news.(be)2.I think maths very important.,3.不可数名词,1)物质类不可数名词：,液体类不可数名词：tea,ink,juice,coffee,B.食品类不可数名词：fish,chicken,chocolate,honey,2)抽象名词：,work,wealth,homework,1.不可数名词没有
5、复数形式,rice(不能说rices),bread(不能说breads),2.不可数名词前面一般不直接加a或an，但可用不同的量词来搭配,a box of milk(不能说a milk),a bottle of water(不能说a water),3.不可数名词只作单数看待,1)Some soup is in the bowl.,2)A:Whats on the plate?B:Theres some chicken.,表示很多数量：a few 一些 many 很多 a lot of 非常多,much,a little,many,a fewa number of,some/a lot of,不
6、可数名词,可数名词,可数不可数名词,chicken 小鸡/鸡肉room 房间/空间；位置work 作品/工作 paper 论文;报纸/纸 glass 玻璃杯/玻璃 time 次；倍/时间 wood 树林/木头 fish 鱼/鱼肉 exercise 练习/运动；锻炼light 灯/光 fruit(各种)水果/水果,既可作可数又可作不可数的名词：,Some 与 Any的区别,1、some常用在肯定句中，而any则常用在否定和疑问句中。因此 some和any 的用法主要是考虑用在肯定句、疑问句还是否定句中，与名词的可数与否无关。,2、在表示建议，反问，请求的疑问句中，或期望得到肯定回答时，多用som
7、e而不用any。如：Would you like some coffee?你要不要来点咖啡?What about some fruit juice?来点水果汁如何?,1.How many_(sheep)are there on the hill?2.There is some_(food)in the basket.3.The baby has only two_(tooth)now.4.There is a lot of_(water)in the bottle.5.There are five_(people)in his family.,homework,some,any 填空：1.I dont have _ milk.2.There is _ water in the glass.3.Do they have _ friends in China?4.I want to buy _vegetables.5.How about _ ideas?,05,Thanks！,The end!,
