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1、中考英语阅读专题复习 阅读短文还原句子,新东方 优能中学 徐静,内容：,一、命题依据二、出题形式三、解题思路、步骤及技巧四、复习策略,读的要求,一、命题依据：考试说明读的能力要求,1.能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义。,2.能获取文章的具体信息。,3.能理解文章中的具体信息并进行简单的推理和判断。,4.能理解归纳文章的主旨要义，能为文章选定合适的题目。,5.能理解故事情节和事件发展顺序。,6.能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系。,7.能根据上下文理解作者的态度、观点及意图。,中考英语“阅读还原句子”试题主要考查课标中“读”的七级要求中的第5条能理解故事情节和事件发展顺序和第6条能理解段落
2、中各句子之间的逻辑关系。,三、解题步骤、思路及技巧,1.解题步骤,读选项，划关键词，暗排序。,读文章，找逻辑，抓过渡词。,先易后难来解题。,回读文章定答案。,逻辑关系,2.解题思路一：考查形式,因果关系：because,so,as a result,thats why,例一:They are all five years old.Why are they all the same age?(61).They are septuplets!(真题)A.They drank a lot of milk,too.B.Because they were born together.C.Last yea
3、r,Bobbi was Mikaylas teacher.D.Kenny and Bobbi are interested in cooking.E.But Kenny and Bobbi didnt look after them alone.,例二:But to her surprise,her shoes werent in the box.There was only one pair of shoes there,and they werent her shoes!She had to get home in a hurry._(63)(真题)A.Its a shoe box.B.T
4、ina is my sister.C.So she put on the shoes and left.D.After class she got ready to leave.E.But there was no name on the note.,例一:Then the water can be reused for washing or bathing._(62),but the water is clean enough for watering the flowers,washing the dog,or even for bathing or swimming.(真题)A.If e
5、nough homes and businesses use“Living Machines”B.People like to plant trees around their housesC.He is also interested in saving moneyD.It cannot be used for drinking or cookingE.The“Living Machine”is a system for cleaning wastewater,B.转折关系：but,however.,例二:The president was Teddy Roosevelt.He was th
6、e 26th president of the United States.In 1902 Roosevelt went bear hunting（狩猎）with some friends._(61).He couldnt seem to find anything.(一模)A.He let the bear goB.They had a good time in the forestC.However,his hunt was going poorly that dayD.Morris Michtom,owner of a toy store,saw the cartoonE.The ans
7、wer comes from a story about a U.S.president and a bear,例一:_.You cant be so simple as to think summer will last forever.The third part is that ants think summer all winter.During the winter,ants tell themselves,“This wont last long;And heres the last part of the ant philosophy.(一模)A.Second,ants thin
8、k winter all summerB.If they go somewhere and you try to stop themC.All he possible canD.Summer and winter are both important to antsE.However,they will come out at once when it gets warm,C.并列关系：firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally,sometimes.,例二:I have written three books of poems and songs.I gave all t
9、he money from the books to childrens charities._(61)Money from the second book was spent on homeless children in Bosnia.(一模)A.Love is a chain of giving.B.But now I am singing for people in need.C.I visit people in the old peoples home.D.Money from my first book went to a school for deaf kids in Mont
10、ana.E.I feel proud when I see a smile on that persons face.,牛刀小试,练习一、_(61).Film stars,singers,sportsmen and some other famous people often change their names because they want names that are not ordinary,or that have special sound.Some people have another reason for changing their names.They have mo
11、ved to a new country and want to use a name that is usual there.(一模)A.And some use both of themB.Is it good or bad to change names C.Why do some people change their namesD.But with his family,he uses Li KaimingE.People have many reasons for changing their names,Some people have another reason for ch
12、anging their names.,People have many reasons for changing their names,并列关系,练习二、He used to be the brightest student in his class.He was at the top in every competition.61.His grades started dropping.He hated being in a group.He was lonely all the time.He felt that no one loved him.(一模)A.I care about
13、you and I care about your happinessB.But things changed after thatC.Because he knows that he is very happyD.So his dad decided to visit the school and talk with himE.He knew there was someone on this Earth who cared for him deeply,at the top,started dropping,But things changed,转折关系,练习三、Nora said she
14、 hoped that more and more people would knit hats or do something else to help children read more books.Its not only good for children,but also good for themselves._(63).(二模)A.She is 80 years oldB.Their parents are very happy to do thatC.She spends about three hours on each oneD.So try to do somethin
15、g to help the childrenE.They probably wont read so many books without the program,not only good for children,but also good for,So try to do something to help the children,因果关系,顺序关系,时间顺序,例一:When she left school,she studied in Paris for a year to learn French._(60)However,most of all she wanted to wri
16、te!In 1992,she left England to go to Portugal（葡萄牙）to teach English.While she was there she got married to a journalist and had a daughter.A few years later,Joanne returned to live in Scotland Then one day,in 1997,she found a publisher.(二模)A.So Joanne became very rich and famous.B.It took her over on
17、e year to write her first book.C.After university,she experienced all sorts of different jobs.D.And they can now be read all over the world.E.She had very little money and lived in a very small flat.,例二:_(60)She lived in New Mexico in America.As a young woman,Maria was known for the fine pots she ma
18、de.Maria and the other village women made pots for their families.They also sold pots to visitors.In 1908,some archaeologists（考古学家）found broken bits of pottery in Marias village.(二模)A.Her son and grandson also learned how to make beautiful pots.B.At last,she discovered a mix that would not crack.C.M
19、aria taught her husband how to make pots.D.Then the archaeologists showed them to Maria.E.Maria was born around 1881.,B.动作顺序,例一:A few minutes later,another bus came and this time the dog climbed on.The bus traveled through the city and the dog kept looking out of window._(63),moved to the front and
20、pressed the button to stop the bus.He then got off with the salt in his mouth.(一模)A.Finally he got upB.He took the note and read itC.Then he came to a bus stopD.But the man replied loudlyE.He got off the bus at once,例二：Ms.Baines was born in Georgia in 1894.She grew up in the southern American state.
21、She saw many changes in her life._(61).She had a child when she was just fifteen.(一模)A.She got married when she was very youngB.She became the worlds oldest person in JanuaryC.Ms.Baines had such a long life because of her healthy lifestyleD.She said that happiness was important for peopleE.It was on
22、ly the second time she had voted,C.故事发展顺序,例一:“I am sorry,”he said,“I made a mistake.I took your coat and you have got mine.Please give me my coat and jewelry.”Mr.Jones answered,“_ 63,he will give it to you.”Mr.Jones called the manager of the restaurant,but the manager said,“We have no waiters here.W
23、e only have waitresses.”“_ 64!”shouted the young man.(一模)A.He felt very surprisedB.I gave the jewelry to the waiterC.The waiter took it and went awayD.He was quite happy when he found itE.You gave the jewelry to a thief,B,E,例二:He couldnt seem to find anything.His friends found a black bear,and tied
24、it to a tree.They thought that Roosevelt would want to shoot it with his gun.But when Roosevelt saw the bear,he refused to kill it.Shooting a bear tied to a tree wasnt fair!_(62).(一模)A.He let the bear goB.They had a good time in the forestC.However,his hunt was going poorly that dayD.Morris Michtom,
25、owner of a toy store,saw the cartoonE.The answer comes from a story about a U.S.president and a bear,A,牛刀小试,练习一、_ 62 While most of his friends were playing,Bill read all of the World Book Encyclopedia and finished it when he was eight years old.When Bill got older,he spent more and more time working
26、 and playing on a computer.(一模)A.Bill was very clever and confident.B.However,Bills childhood was not all work.C.When Bill was young,he spent lots of time alone.D.From this,Bill learned that you have to work hard if you want something.E.Once when he was thinking about the future,he realized somethin
27、g important.,when he was eight years old,When Bill was young,When Bill got older,时间顺序,练习二、Maria knew the clay she used would not work.A thin pot made out of that clay would crack（破裂）easily.Maria mixed different amounts of clay,sand,and water._(62)(二模)A.Her son and grandson also learned how to make b
28、eautiful pots.B.At last,she discovered a mix that would not crack.C.Maria taught her husband how to make pots.D.Then the archaeologists showed them to Maria.E.Maria was born around 1881.,knew,mixed,discovered,动作顺序,练习三、“Stop thief!Stop thief!”I shouted and threw open the car door and rushed out to hi
29、m,followed by the driver and some passers-by._ 60.My driver caught him by the neck and took out the valuables from his trouser pocket and put them back into my suitcase.(一模)A.My heart aches for him B.Two years has passed since then C.The train left the station very quicklyD.Very soon we caught up wi
30、th the thiefE.Before my eyes was 200 yuan instead of 100,D,故事发展顺序,其它关系,单词重复：原词重现、单词转换,例一:_ 61.The wastewater goes into a big plastic tank where bacteria（细菌）start to break down the waste.A few days later after it is dealt with,the water is brought into a greenhouse filled with plants and fish.(真题)A.I
31、f enough homes and businesses use“Living Machines”B.People like to plant trees around their housesC.He is also interested in saving moneyD.It cannot be used for drinking or cookingE.The“Living Machine”is a system for cleaning wastewater,例二:Eat food with proteins and vitamins.Fish and meat have a lot
32、 of protein in them.Fruit and vegetables have lots of vitamins.You need to eat some fat but dont eat too much._(61).Also drink lots of water or fruit juice.Dont drink too much coca cola because its bad for your teeth!(一模)A.Because its not good for your heartB.You can go swimming or do walkingC.Eat h
33、ealthily and take lots of exerciseD.Second,do as much exercise as you canE.Finally,dont smoke if you want to be fit,B.指代,例一:I was born in the computer age._ 61.They were already adults when the first personal computer came out.(二模)A.So I try to teach them patiently B.However,lily parents werent as l
34、ucky as meC.It is hard for them to use the computerD.Sometimes I had hours of homework to doE.How can I help them learn about computers,例二:Two men are in the same room of a hospital._(60).One man has to lie on his back all day.(一模)A.He couldnt even see the wall B.One morning,the man by the window di
35、es C.The girls are so beautiful in their summer dresses D.He missed his roommate very much E.Both of them are very ill,牛刀小试,练习一、Tina teaches English in the evening.One Friday,she went to school,and she put her shoes in the shoe boxas usual.Then she had an interesting spoken English class with her st
36、udents._ 62 But to her surprise,her shoes werent in the box.There was only one pair of shoes there,and they werent her shoes!She had to get home in a hurry.So she put on the shoes and left.On Monday,at her next English class,her shoes were in a shopping bag on her desk!There was a note that said,“Im
37、 so sorry.I took your shoes by mistake!”_ 64 Somebody felt a lot of shame!（真题）A.Its a shoe box.B.Tina is my sister.C.So she put on the shoes and left.D.After class she got ready to leave.E.But there was no name on the note.,class,note,class,the note,原词重现,练习二、I looked behind me,but then she looked ri
38、ght at me and said,“You!_62.Theyre fashionablejust like the movie stars,so come in front of everybody and read.”（二模）A.I cannot believe it.B.At the beginning of the story.C.In the first part of the lesson.D.Look at your hair and your jacket.E.After class,we talked about this class.,They,hair and jack
39、et,此题为重现与指代结合考查：they hair,jacket 代词指代,其它解题方法：,设在段首,2.解题思路二：设空形式,段落的主题句,认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关词，推断主题句。,段落的主题句与后文是并列，转折，因果关系等段落间的过渡句,B.与后文是并列，转折，因果关系等,着重阅读后文一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词，通常正确答案的关键词与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的。,C.段落间的过渡句,阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。,例一:Reading is very i
40、mportant to help you learn English.This book provides not only different kinds of English but also a good way to check your reading ability.61._.Part 1 is Messages.In this part somebody wants to send information in writing to somebody else.62._.You will find some descriptive writing in this part.Par
41、t 3 is Places.In this part,too,many different kinds of English are shown,some informal and some formal（正式的）.Part 4 is People.In this part all the tests are about people.(2011石景山一模)A.Part 2 is ThingsB.There are four parts in the bookC.There is another part about NatureD.You can do these tests in any
42、order you likeE.For example,there are some letters between friends,B,A,例二:During 1995 and 1996,David became a regular member of the team and Manchester United won in both seasons,with David scoring many goals._ 62.In the first game of the 1996/7 season,he scored an amazing goal from beyond the halfw
43、ay line.(2012大兴一模)A.David Beckham is 180 cm tall and weighs 47kgB.He won a prize at the age of twelveC.When he is training,he never restsD.David Beckham became very famous overnightE.This means that he could practice football as much as he wanted to,D,设在段尾,引出下文,认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项紧密连接起来。,引出下文与前文是并列，转
44、折，因果、排比关系等段落的结论，概括性语句,设在段中：解题方法都包含在解题思路一中。,B.与前文是并列，转折，因果、排比关系等,着重阅读空前一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关表示并列，转折，因果、排比关系等的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成这些关系。,C.段落的结论，概括性语句,重点阅读空前的一、两句，以锁定关键词。注意在选项中查找表示结论，总结等的信号词。选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。,例一:引出下文 Scientists still do not know enough about the reasons for these climate changes
45、._(63).Cutting down trees,burning too much oil,and the increase in the number of cars are some of the things that cause the problems.Global(全球)temperatures are rising because of these things.(2011年西城二模)A.If the ice melts,sea leaves will rise.B.Most scientist think human activity is a problem.C.Some
46、say that these type of climate changes are natural.D.There are many others.E.Now,there are more than 50 tornadoes a year.,B,例二:引出下文 One day,in the road,there stood a very big rock next to a river._ 60.One of them tried hard to climb over the rock.(2012年昌平二模)A.But the rock was so big and so difficult
47、 to climb onB.One jumped into the river and swam to the other bankC.And the last man became the first one to finish his jobD.So all of them stopped for a while and thought for waysE.Because they all have the big and heavy letters to send,D,例三:与前文是并列关系 Every week,the septuplets used about 170 diapers
48、(尿布)!_ 63.(2011年中考真题)A.They drank a lot of milk,too.B.Because they were born together.C.Last year,Bobbi was Mikaylas teacher.D.Kenny and Bobbi are interested in cooking.E.But Kenny and Bobbi didnt look after them alone.,A,例四:与前文是转折关系 Ive been singing and performing poems since I was six years old.I
49、used to sing for my mothers friends._60(2012年海淀一模)A.Love is a chain of giving.B.But now I am singing for people in need.C.I visit people in the old peoples home.D.Money from my first book went to a school for deaf kids in Montana.E.I feel proud when I see a smile on that persons face.,B,例五:与前文是因果关系
50、But to her surprise,her shoes werent in the box.There was only one pair of shoes there,and they werent her shoes!She had to get home in a hurry._ 63(2010年真题)A.Its a shoe box.B.Tina is my sister.C.So she put on the shoes and left.D.After class she got ready to leave.E.But there was no name on the not
