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1、虚 拟 语 气,概念：虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种愿望、假设、或推测。,一、虚拟语气在 if非真实条件句中,过去式 be-were,should/would/could/might+do,had done,should/would/could/might+have done,过去式（be-were）should dowere to do,should/would/could/might+do,If you had studied hard before,you would have passed the exam.（过去虚拟）,1.如果我是你，我会接受他的建议（现在虚拟）,2.
2、如果明天下雨，我会待在家里。（将来虚拟）,3.如果你以前好好学习，你会通过考试的。,If I were you,I would accept his advice.,If it rained（should rain/were to rain）tomorrow,I would stay at home.,You didnt let me drive.If we _ in turn,you _ so tired.drove;didnt getdrove;wouldnt getwere driving;wouldnt gethad driven;wouldnt have got,1.if从句中，省略
3、if，were，had，should可以放在句首，（用于倒装结构），否定词not不能放在前面。,1.If I were you,I would accept his advice.,2.If it should rain tomorrow,I would stay at home.,3.If you had studied hard before,you would have passed the exam.,Had you studied hard before,Were I you,Should it rain tomorrow,.,_ it rain tomorrow,we would
4、have to put off the visit to the Yang Pu Bridge.Were B.Should C.Would D.Will,If it should rain tomorrow(省略if，用部分倒装）,2.错综时间虚拟语气当从句与主句时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。If you _(follow)my advice just now,you _(be)better now.If you _(study)hard before,you _(be)a college student now.,had followed,would be,ha
5、d studied,would be,If you _ with George earlier,you _ so angry now.talked;would not behad talked;would not bewould talk;would not behad talked;would not have been,If we had taken such effective measures much earlier,the river _ so seriously now.is not pollutedwould not be pollutedhad not been pollut
6、edwould not have been polluted,3、含蓄虚拟语气在虚拟语气中，并不总是出现if引导的条件句，而通过其它手段来代替条件句。常用的有otherwise，or，without，but for（倘没有，要不是）等。,1.I was ill that day.Otherwise,I would have taken part in the sports meeting.=If I hadnt been ill that day,I would have taken part in the sports meeting.,2.He telephoned to inform m
7、e of your birthday,or I would have known nothing about it.,3.Without/But for your help,we couldnt have finished the work ahead of time.=If it had not been for your help,Without electricity,human being life _ quite different today.iswill bewould have beenwould be,But for his help,I _.should not have
8、succeededhave not succeededdid not succeedhad not succeeded,He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball,otherwise he _ a goal.had scoredscoredwould scorewould have scored,It is strange that_.他居然会这样说，真是奇怪。It is necessary that_.有必要派他去北京。,二、虚拟语气在主语从句中的使用1，Its necessary/strange/natural/important/i
9、mpossible that 主语+(should)+动词原形,he(should)say so,he be sent to Beijing,2.It is a pity/a shame/a surprise/no wonder that 主语+(should)+V原形,It is a great pity that_.他居然会这样想，真是一件憾事。,he(should)think so,3.It is/was suggested/ordered/demanded/proposed/（1234）+that+主语+(should)+V原形Its suggested that the plan s
10、hould be carried out.It is suggested that_.有人建议，晚会周六举行。,the party（should）be,held on Saturday,一个坚持 insisted,两道命令 ordered,commanded,三条建议 advised,suggested,proposed,四点要求 demanded,required,requested,desired,It is required that you _ at six.will arrive B.arriveC.arrived D.would arrive2.It is strange that
11、 the lazy boy _ pass the exam.A.has B.should C.would D.might,3.It is necessary that our drinking water _ cleaner.A.should be made B.is made C.would be made D.was made,三.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用1.在wish 引导的宾语从句中,过去时（were）,过去完成时、had+donecould have done,Should/would/could/might+动词原形,I wish(that)he_(visit)us tomorr
12、ow.I wish(that)he_(visit)us today.I wish he_(visit)us yesterday.,would visit,visited,had visited,I wish I _ the meeting last week.A.could attend B.attended C.have attended D.had attended,2.在表示坚持，要求,命令,建议的宾语从句中,一个坚持 _ 两个命令 _ 三个建议 _ 四个要求 _,+that 主语+（should）+V原形The doctor suggested that he(should)try（t
13、ry）to lose his weight.He insisted that we(should)tell（tell）him the news.,insist,order,command,advise,suggest,propose,demand,require,request,desire,注意：suggest:表明，暗示 陈述语气 建议 虚拟语气Her pale face suggested that she _（be)ill.Her friends suggested that she _(send)to hospital immediately.Insist：坚持说，陈述语气 坚持要求
14、 虚拟语气He insisted that he _(not steal)the money.He insisted that he _(set)free.,was,(should)be sent,hadnt stolen,(should)be set,3.在 would rather宁愿 would prefer would sooner+宾语从句中 had rather would as soon与现在或将来事实相反 过去时 动词过去式/were与过去事实相反 过去完成时 had doneI would rather you _(come)here now.I would rather y
15、ou _(come)here tomorrow.I would rather you _(not tell)me the truth yesterday.,came,hadnt told,came,四、虚拟语气的其他用法1.as if/as though（好像）+从句(与wish一样)if only(要是就好了）,If only I _(be)a birdIf only you _（listen)to our advice!If only I _（be）a superstar some day.He looks as if he _an artist.He talked about the a
16、ccident as if he _it.,were,had listened,would be,were,had seen,2.It is(high/about)time+(that)从句 动词过去式 should（不可省略）+do该是某人做某事的时候了。It is high time that you got up/should get up.,Im getting tired;its time we _ home.A.go B.are going C.went D.should be going,3、在for fear that,in case,lest引导的从句中，若用虚拟语气时，从句
17、谓语为：（should）+do。并且should能省略（for fear that，lest），in case不能省略She examined the door again for fear that a thief _(come)in.她又把门检查了一遍，以防盗贼的进入。He started out earlier lest he _(be)late.他早早的就出发了以防迟到。,(should)come,(should)be,4、在so that/in order that所引导的目的状语从句中，从句中的谓语为：may(might)can(could)+do should He goes c
18、loser to the speaker so that he _him clearer.(hear)他走近说话的人以便能听得更清楚。He read the letter carefully in order that he _ a word.(miss)他把信读得很仔细以便不漏掉一个字。,can hear,should not miss,5.用于“May+主语+动词原形+其他”May you have a long and happy life！祝您快乐长寿！May you make greater progress!祝你取得更大进步！6.supposing/providing 假如，如果 even if/even through 即使 的虚拟与 if 相同,7.情态动词+have done(1)could/might have done 表示过去本来可以(能够)做某事，但实际上没有做到。,(2)should(ought to)have done“本应该”，表示过去应该做而没做(3)neednt have done 必要做某事，但实际做了,8.(1234)名词后定语从句-陈述语气 同位、表语从句虚拟语气,结束啦！,
