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1、Good Moring,英本2班 何月,Adventure Fiction Writers冒险小说家,Daniel Defoe丹尼尔笛福,In Neoclassical Period,Daniel Defoe(16601731),Rich Vs.Poor,ExperiencesWorksContributions,Social positionEconomy position,Life Experiences(main things),1660 born in London(son of a butcher)he received a good education in one of the
2、best Dissenting school,but he gave up the idea of becoming a preacher.1678-1683 traveled in Spain,Italy,France and German as a merchant.1688 joined Williams army and took great interest in the establishment of the new government.,1692 he became bankrupt,within 4years,he was doing well as the manager
3、 of the tile factory.1701,The Trueborn Englishman A Satire his best known pamphlet1703 he was arrested and pilloried(处以枷刑）1704 he found The Review and carried it to 17131719 published Robinson Crusoe1731 died,Life Experiences(main things),Brief Introduction,A jack-of-all-trades:soldier,merchant,econ
4、omist,politician,publicist,writer,as well as novelist.A journalist and a pamphleteer with a reporters eye for the picturesque and a newspapermans instinct for“making a good story”A radical nonconformist(不信奉英国国教的新教教徒)in religion his puritan zeal for reform marks all this work account for the moralizi
5、ng to be found everywhere.Defoe was once in prison,and his prison experience,together with the further knowledge of criminals accounts for his stories of thieves and pirates.,Defoes Novels,Defoe started the writing of novels when he was nearly sixty years of age.It was the novel that built his reput
6、ation as a world-known writer.His novels include：The Life and Strange Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe(1719)鲁宾逊漂流记 the first and most famous novel the book which makes him immortal Father of English Novel Defoe gained enduring fame for this novel,Other novels followed in quick succession:,Ca
7、ptain Singleton(1720)辛格顿船长Journal of the Plague Year(1722)大疫年日记Captain Jack(1722)杰克船长Moll Flanders(1722)摩尔 弗兰德Roxana(1724)罗克珊娜,The principle problem of the Enlightenment-influence of society on mans nature stands in the centre of all these novels.The writers and philosophers of the Enlightenment hel
8、d that man is good and noble by nature but may succumb（屈服）to an evil environment.So did Defoe in his novel.In these novels the reader is taken from country scenes to large cities,from the thieves den to the court of kings.And the readers draws the inevitable conclusion:there is no the other but that
9、 the former receives sympathy which the latter does not.,Theme,Ideas：the Enlightenment is a value system Enlighteners believed that freedom,democracy and reason are the primary values of society.They also strongly believed in science.Representatives：Alexander Pope Samuel Jonson Daniel Defoe,Enlighte
10、nment a social value system,Time：the middle of the 17th century to the 18th century,beginning in France and then spread throughout Europe.Definition：an expression of struggle of the progressive class of bourgeois against feudalism 先进的资产阶级反抗封建主义的一种表达,Other Works,Non-fiction:The Storm(1704)A General H
11、istory of the Pirate(1724)Defoes authorship of this pseudonymous(匿名的）work is disputed.A Tour through the whole island of Great Britain,divided into circuits or journeys(17241727),Essays:Conjugal LewdnessSerious Reflections of Robinson Crusoe(1720)The Complete English TradesmanAn Essay Upon Projects(
12、1697)论开发 first book he publishedAn Essay Upon Literature(1726)Mere Nature Delineated(1726)A Plan of English Commerce(1728),Writing Features,Language is smooth,easy,colloquial and mostly vernacular-common English.One of the first to write stories about believable characters in realistic situations us
13、ing simple prose.Defoe glorifies human labor and the puritan fortitude.It refers the enterprising spirit of the middle class.Organizing minute details in a vivid way that his stories could be both credible and fascinating.Sentences are sometimes short,crisp,and plain,and sometimes long and rambling,
14、which leave on the reader an impression of casual narration.,Contribution,Daniel Defoe was an English writer,journalist,and pamphleteer(小册子作者),who gained fame for his novel Robinson Crusoe.Defoe is notable for being one of the earliest proponents of the novel,as he helped to popularize the form in B
15、ritain and along with others such as Richardson,is among the founder of the English novel.Robinson Crusoe,however,is not a proper novel,as it is more of a journal than an emotional account.As a prolific（创作丰富的）and versatile（多方面的）writer,he wrote more than 500 books,pamphlets and journals on various to
16、pics(including politics,crime,religion,marriage,psychology and the supernatural).He was also a pioneer of economic journalism.,The Review(1704 1713),A political and literary magazine started by Defoe.这是英国的第一份定期出版的文化和政治刊物，是英国报业的先驱。,Memorial to Daniel Defoe,Bunhill Fields,City Road,London,Thanks for your attention,
