《第四讲商务翻译之否定句式ppt课件.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《第四讲商务翻译之否定句式ppt课件.ppt（31页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、句法翻译之一：否定句式,完全否定(complete negation)部分否定(partial negation)形式否定(literal negation)含蓄否定(connotative negation)否定转移(negation transfer)双重否定(double negation),否定句式（1）：完全否定,词汇表示完全否定or 引导的并列否定结构,否定句式（1）：完全否定,英语表示完全否定的词语有no,not,never,none,nobody,nothing,nowhere,neithernor等。含有这些词语的完全否定句一般情况下意思都是一目了然的，只要注意译文的表达，符
2、合现代汉语习惯就行了。例如：,不能否认市场调研是企业成功的一个重要因素。,There is no denying the fact that market research is an important factor in the success of a business.,1.词汇表示完全否定,Chinas negotiation over its WTO membership was not an easy task.,中国入世谈判不是一件轻而易举的事情。,中国入世谈判决非一件轻而易举的事情。,2.or 引导的并列否定结构,or 引导的并列否定结构表示完全否定，通常译成“既不也不”,H
3、e did not care time or money.,他不在乎时间，也不在乎金钱。,（客观评价）,（主观强调）,否定句式（2）：部分否定,1.不定代词或形容词在否定句中2.副词在否定句中3.接近完全否定的词在否定句中4.and 引导的并列结构,The US dollar is not strong at all times.,China does not accept every economic condition that the US imposes on it.,美元并不是在任何时候都是坚挺的。,对于美国施加的经济条件中国并非全部接受。,否定句式（2）：部分否定,1.不定代词或形
4、容词在否定句中 not+all,both,each,every,everybody,everyone,everything等代词,表示部分否定，常常译成汉语的“不都是”、“并非都”。,2.not+always,wholly,entirely,completely,totally,altogether,everywhere,often,quite,enough等副词，表示部分否定。,European countries did not wholly join the euro zone.,并非所有欧洲国家都加入了欧元区。,Dialogs are seldom held between the t
5、wo parties due to a lack of sincerity on the part of one party.,因一方缺乏诚意，双方很少进行对话。,3.hardly,scarcely,rarely,seldom,few,little等接近完全否定的词可以表示部分否定。,Few of the countries have responded positively to the US trade policy.,没有几个国家对美国的贸易政策做出积极反应。,4.and 引导的并列结构,当and 引导的并列结构放在否定结构中时，表示部分否定，通常译成“不能都”、“并非既是又是”,He
6、is not the president and chairman of the company.,他并非既是公司总裁，又是公司董事长。,否定句式（2）：部分否定,All of the trade issues were not settled under the WTO framework.,并非所有的问题都在世贸组织的框架下获得解决。,所有的问题都没有在世贸组织的框架下得到解决。,None of the trade issues were not settled under the WTO framework.,这些问题一个也没有在世贸组织的框贺下得到解决。,所有的问题都没有在世贸组织的框
7、贺下得到解决。,并非所有的问题都在世贸组织的框贺下得到解决。,She couldnt take off the time to see the doctor and to see the experiment.她既无法腾出时间看病也无法腾出时间做实验。她无法腾出时间既看病又能兼顾实验。His chief trouble was that he didnt know any editors or writers.他的主要麻烦是他既不认识编辑也不认识作家。他的主要麻烦是他并不是既认识编辑也认识作家。“and”部分否定，译成“并非既是又是”“or”表示完全否定，常译为：”既不也不“,否定句式（3）：
8、形式否定,cannottoo;cannotover-；cannot enough等表示“无论怎样也不为过”，“越 越好”，其意义是肯定的。,The importance of market research cannot be overstated.,市场调研的重要性无论怎样强调都不为过。,Our company could not get enough capital on this project.,我们公司在这个项目上得到的资金越多越好。,否定句式（3）：形式否定,Its a good workman that never blunders（犯大错）.,智者千虑，必有一失。,2.It i
9、s a(an)形容词名词否定从句，这种结构表示肯定，一般用于谚语中，往往翻译成“再也会”。,否定句式（3）：形式否定,3.某些带not的疑问句、感叹句、陈述句同样表示肯定的含义。,How often have they not complained about the high prices we offer!,他们经常抱怨我方报价太高！,否定句式（3）：形式否定,Manufacturers spend not a little on advertisements of products.,制造商在产品广告方面投入很多。,4.not()a little,no little,not()sligh
10、tly的句子也表示肯定意义，可以译成“很多”，“非常”。,否定句式（3）：形式否定,He is old,none the less he works like a young man.,他虽然上了年纪，但是干起活来还像个年轻人。,5.含有否定词而又不表示否定的固定词组有很多，常见的有as likely as not(大概，很可能)，more often than not（往往，经常），none the less（依然，依旧）。,As likely as not,they have heard the news already.,很可能他们已经听到这个消息了。,否定句式（3）：形式否定,6.to
11、o+ready(eager,easy,anxious,willing,inclined,apt等adj.)+to时，不表示否定，而表示“非常”和“极为”的意思。,The applicant was too eager to know the result of interview.,这位求职者迫不及待地想知道面试结果。,The board of directors are only too satisfied to acquire the company.,董事会对要收购这家公司一事宜非常满意。,7.only(but,all 等词加强语气)+too+pleased(willing,deligh
12、ted,glad,happy,satisfied等)+to，这种结构同样表示肯定意义。,否定句式（3）：形式否定,The managing director could not read the long sales report other than cursorily.,这份销售报告太长，总经理只能草草地看一看。,8.notother than:这个句式的原意是“除了就不”，通常表示肯定的意义，一般翻译成“就”、“只能”。,否定句式（3）：形式否定,其他的形式否定,1）Dont lose time sending this email message to the marketing de
13、partment.2）The doubt was still unsolved on the US side after the repeated explanation of Chinese trade negotiators.3）He didnt half like the proposal.4）I couldnt feel better.5）I couldnt agree with you more.6）If that isnt what I want!7）I cant wait to see you!,赶快把这份电子邮件发给营销部。,虽然中方贸易谈判代表一再解释，但美方疑团仍然存在。,
14、他非常喜欢这个建议。,我觉得身体好极了。,我方非常赞成你方看法。,我所要的就是这个呀！,我恨不得马上见到你。,否定句式（4）：含蓄否定,含蓄否定是指英语中有些词或短语不与否定词连用，同样也可以表示否定的意义。,否定句式（4）：含蓄否定,But that与but for表示“如果不是的话”、“若非”。,1.China would have successfully purchased two early-warning planes from Israel but for the US intervention.,如果不是美国从中干预，中国就会顺利地从以色列手中购买两架预警飞机。,否定句式（4）
15、：含蓄否定,More than后面虽然是肯定形式，却表示否定意义。,2.The beauty of Hangzhou is more than I can describe.,杭州景色优美，无法用语言形容。,生产经理接受了一大笔订单，有些贪多嚼不烂。,3.The production manager has bitten off more than he can chew by taking a bigger order.,4.A bigger payroll is more than such a small business as his can afford.,员工队伍过大是他这样的小企
16、业无法承担的。,有些句子含有the last,the least,the limit等表示极限的词组具有否定的意义，通常翻译成“最不可能的”“最不合适的”例如：1.60 percent of the people polled said that snails are the last things they would like to eat.在接受民意调查的人当中，百分之60的人说他们最不爱吃的东西是蜗牛。2.young people are most welcomed by an enterprise as they are the least conservative.年轻人深受企业欢
17、迎，因为他们最不保守。,特定环境下的疑问句-暗含否定What is the good of the US imposition of trade sanctions on China?美国对中国实施贸易制裁是没有用的。When have you lost your heart?你什么时候气馁过？,否定句式（5）：否定转移,一般来说，英语中的否定词总是紧紧出现在被否定部分的前面，对其后面的部分进行否定，但有时否定词所否定的并不是紧随其后的部分，而是后面的某个部分，这就是否定的转移。如果对否定的转移缺乏足够的认识，就会造成理解和翻译上的错误。,1.I have not come to you fo
18、r money.,2.We havent called the meeting to discuss this issue.,3.China does not believe that permitting the RMB to trade freely is a good idea.,中国认为允许人民币自由兑换不是个好主意。,我们召开这个会议不是来讨论这个问题的。,我来不是找你要钱的。,否定句式（6）：双重否定,1.Negative word+word with negative meaning（否定词+表示否定意义的词）2.toonot to;not tooto;这两种结构都表示双重否定，
19、常译成“太(肯定)会”；“必然”。,否定句式（6）：双重否定,4.We are not reluctant to accept your proposal.,2.A successful entrepreneur should fight no battle unprepared.,成功的企业家不打无准备之仗。,任何规则都有例外。,1.There is no rule that has no exception.,3.There is not any advantage without disadvantage.,有利必有弊。,你方的建议我方愿意接受。,5.Not a day passed w
20、ithout trade conflicts between the two countries.,这两个国家没有一天不发生贸易摩擦。,否定句式（6）：双重否定,如果译成双重否定结构不能够准确表达原文的意思，那么不妨将它处理成汉语的肯定结构。例如：,7.I never think of summer but I think of childhood.,一想到夏天，我就会想起童年。,8.Many foreign retailers such as Wal-Mart are too wise not to grasp the Chinese market.,像沃尔玛这样的许多外国零售商如此聪明，不
21、会不抓住中国这块市场。,翻译练习：1.Im wiser than to believe what you call the money talks.2.He would do anything he was asked to do but returns to his old life.3.All graduates from the Foreign Languages Institute will not be appointed to be a translator.4.both sides thought that the trade proposal was the one they
22、could accept with dignity.5.a new hand can not be too careful in buying stocks.6.nothing is so beautiful but it betrays some defect on close inspection.7.slips are scarcely avoidable when you are new to your work.8.the meeting was marked by such an absence of lively discussions that at times it was almost on the point of breaking up.,
