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1、Welcome to our class,IPA-International Phonetic Alphabet,音标,课件,International Phonetic symbols（国际音标）,课件,What are phonetic symbols?,the system or pattern of speech sounds used in a particular language,?,语音最小单位是音素。语言的语音都是由四十八个不同的音素相互组合而成的。,课件,音 标英语共有48个音素，其中元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。英语辅音和元音在语言中的作用相当于汉语中的生母和韵母。记录
2、英语音素的符号叫做音标。音标放在两条斜线（/），以免和字母混淆。,课件,How many phonetic symbols are there?,课件,国际音标,元音,分类：英语中共有48个音标，元音20个，辅音28个。,单元音,双元音,前元音,中元音,后元音,/i:/,/I/,/e/,/,/:/,/,/,/u:/,/,/:/,/,/:/,/eI/,/aI/,/I/,/I/,/e/,/,/a/,/,辅音,爆破音,磨檫音,鼻 音,半元音,舌边音,/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/,/g/,/f/,/v/,/s/,/z/,/,/,/,/,/h/,/r/,/m/,/n/,/,/l/,/w/,/j
3、/,/tr/,/dr/,/ts/,/dz/,/t/,/,破擦音,课件,元 音,课件,单元音/i:/,舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬腭抬起，嘴角向两边张开，流露出微笑的表情，适当拉长发音。与字母 E 发音相同。注意:“:”是长音符号,长元音往往比它相应的短元音长两倍以上。发音组合:eeeeaieei,课件,/i:/,例词：he他 even甚至 sea大海 Tree树 feel感觉 deep 深的Tea茶 seat座位 reason原因Believeachievereceive接受.,课件,单元音/-/i/,舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬腭抬起，比/i:/低，嘴型扁平。注意嘴巴比/i:/大，发音比/i:/短。发音
4、组合:i,课件,/i/-/i/,例词：big大的 ship轮船 hill山脉 chicks雏鸡,课件,元音/e/,嘴形扁平，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起。发音组合:eeaa,课件,/e/,例词：pen钢笔 bed床 leg胳膊 wellBreadheaven marry anyman,课件,单元音/,舌尖抵下齿，嘴角尽量拉向两边，成扁平形。是所有音标里面嘴巴咧的最宽的一个，同时嘴巴也要张大，上下齿之间可容纳食指和中指。发音组合:a,课件,/,例词：am apple that hand,课件,前元音发音规律/i:/i/e/,舌尖抵下齿舌前部抬起的高度逐步降低牙床张开的程度逐渐加大,课件,单元音/:/
5、-/:/,舌中部稍抬起，舌尖微抵下齿，双唇扁平，发音较长。发音组合：orirerurear,课件,/:/-/:/,例词：girl bird work wormterm burnsurfpearl learn,课件,单元音/,双唇扁平，舌尖微抵下齿，口张开比/:/略大发音组合：aeror o,课件,/,例词：appear again alike teacher mother driver visitor doctor actor welcome,课件,元音/,舌头后部的靠前部分稍微抬起，舌尖和舌端两侧触及下齿。双唇向两旁平伸。发音组合：uo,课件,/,例词：cup run jump Flood,
6、课件,元音/u:/,长元音，嘴形小而圆，微微外突，舌头尽量后缩。舌后部向上抬起，嘴巴要收的又小又圆，并且向外突出。与汉语中的“呜”音很像。发音组合：oooouu,课件,/u:/,例词：zoo food cool pooltomb blue group,课件,单元音/-/u/,短元音。嘴唇张开略向前突出，嘴形稍收圆并放松些。注意嘴巴的形状，嘴巴张开略向前突出，舌头后部略向上抬起，发短促音即可。发音组合：oouou,课件,/-/u/,例词：foot-feed wood book push pull full should,课件,元音/:/,舌头置于口腔底部，口腔完全张开，但是不成圆形。然后将舌身再
7、稍稍向后缩.双唇也收的更圆更小发音组合：aooawouoreauorar,课件,/:/,例词：fork morning air porttalkballcall floorboughtthoughtcaughtnaughty,课件,元音/-/,舌头置于口腔底部，口腔完全张开，但是不成圆形。然后将舌身再稍稍向后缩。,课件,/-/,例词：cock shop job box,课件,单元音/:/,长元音。口腔打开，嘴张大，舌身平放后缩，舌尖离开下齿，下巴收低一点，轻松发音。与“啊”发音有点像。,课件,/:/,例词：car garden star guitar,课件,你还记得前面出现过那些单元音吗?,/
8、i:/,/i/,/e/,/,/:/,/,/:/，/,/u:/,/u/,/:/,/,课件,_,/i:/i/e/,/:/u:/u/,/a:/:/,单元音 vowels(12个),课件,双元音,/ei/,/ai/,/i/,/i/,/e/,/a/,/,课件,双元音/eI/-/ei/,由e和i两个单音组成,/e/重读，/i/轻读，口形由半开到合，与字母 A发音相同。发音组合：eiaaiay,课件,/eI/-/ei/,例词：eight face cake wait rain day may,课件,双元音/aI/-/ai/,口形由开到合，牙齿由全开过度到全闭。发音组合：yiuy,课件,/aI/-/ai/,例
9、词：my kite write bicyclebuyguy,课件,双元音/i/,前元音重读，后元音轻读，双唇从圆到扁，口形从开到合，牙齿从全开到逐渐闭合，注意连贯性。发音组合：oyoi,课件,/I/,例词：boy toy Boil noise coin,课件,双元音/i/,前元音重读，后元音轻读，双唇始终半开。发音组合：eerearere,课件,/I/,例词：beer deer ear fear near here,课件,双元音/e/,前重后轻，舌端抵下齿，双唇半开.发音组合：airearareere,课件,/e/,例词：hair bare pear Chairthere,课件,双元音/,前重
10、后轻，嘴唇由收圆到半开，口形由合到开，双唇由圆到扁平。发音组合：oorureour,课件,/,例词：tour poor sure gourd,课件,双元音/a/,/a/重读，/u/轻读，口形由大到小。发音组合：ouow,课件,/a/,例词：how now house mouth trousers,课件,双元音/,口形由半开到小，与字母 O的发音相同。前面的音清楚而较长，后面的音圆唇，发音模糊而较短发音字母oowoa,课件,/,例词：coat throw boat toe,课件,那么你能说出所有的双元音吗?,/eI/,/aI/,/I/,/I/,/e/,/a/,/,课件,_,/I/e/u/,/eI
11、/aI/u/au/I/,双元音 vowels(8个),课件,元音总结,课件,英语语音专题（二）,课件,课件,辅音 Consonants(28个)1.爆破音 p Practice makes perfect.b Barry found a big bug on her bed.t This is a hat,thats a cap.d The doorman told David to go down.k Dont kit the kitten.g A good beginning makes a good ending.,课件,pbpay-baypear bearpen-Benpig-big,
12、pbcap-cablap-labtap-tabrope-robe,课件,tdtown downtie dietear deartouch Dutch,tdbent bendright ridelent lendbet bed,课件,speak spit spy study star start sky school screen,课件,kgKate gatecard guardcould goodcoat goat,kgpick pigflak flagback bagLock log,课件,2.鼻音 m May I have some milk,mum?n Nora knows the ne
13、w comer.Lingling is listening to the song.,Compare n n ng/nk inink sin-sing thin-thing thanthank son-song,课件,3.摩擦音 f If you buy fish,make sure its fresh.v Victor is very clever.Thank you for your table cloth.Those are far and these are near.s Sandy has a new swimming suit.z What size of shoes does D
14、aisy wear?,课件,sure,she,social,nation Wash the fish,please.pleasure,televisionGeorge measured the garage with pleasure.h have hot,who whole hate houseHelen holds her hands.r read,write,wrongAre you ready to read?,课件,4.破擦音 t He teaches children how to play chess.d John likes to tell jokes.tr Therere l
15、ots of trucks in the street.dr He likes strong drinks.ts The students are wearing white shirts.dz Take away your dirty hands.,课件,5)舌边音:l land,world 如果在后面 读 little,middle,castle，puzzleWhat a beautiful bicycle!6)半元音:w wall,what,answer The homework every week is very hard.j yes yellow yearYes,your yell
16、ow skirt is wet.,课件,light night rightlock knock rocklot not rotlead need readlice nice rice,compare:,课件,1.Red lorry卡车,yellow lorry,red lorry,yellow lorry.2.Lets look for leaves in the large lake with a long ladder梯.,Tongue twisters,课件,英语辅音字母中有 3 个辅音m，n，l是响音，它们和辅音音素结合，也可构成音节，也叫成音节。它们构成的音节往往出现在词尾，一般是非重读音节。如：apple pl，table teibl，middle midl,little litl，garden ga:dn，lesson lesn,physical fisikl，realism ri:lizm 等等。,课件,_,p b t d k g,f v sz,h w j,t d,tr dr tsdz,m n l r,总结,课件,
