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1、,Lesson 21 Mad or not?,1.When he heard the good news,he almost went m_ with joy.2.Miss,Albert isnt here.He is p_ ill.3.The r_ why I study Enlgish is that I want to study abroad.4.His father spent a large s_ of money on the house.5.The little girl gave me a d_ look.She said she would not change her m
2、ind.6.The man o_ me a job to be his assistant（助手）.,ad,robably,reason,um,etermined,ffered,1.把我逼疯 _2.过往的飞机 _3.日日夜夜 _4.由于某种原因 _5.启用 _6.从赶走 _7.撞倒 _8.一大笔钱 _9.离开/搬走 _10.决定做某事 _,ii.Phrases and sentences.,drive me crazy,passing planes,night and day/day and night,for some reason,come into use,drive away from
3、,knock down,a large sum of money,go away,be determined to do sth.,11.他正慢慢地走在回家的路上。He _ _ _ along the way home.12.我口袋里只剩下两元了。There is only _ _ _ in my pocket.13.你一定是缇娜的妹妹吧。哇，你们俩看起来一模一样。You _ _ Tinas sister.Wow,you look the same!,is slowly walking,two yuan,left,must be,Aeroplanes are slowly driving me
4、 mad.I live near an airport and passing planes can be heard night and day.The airport was built during the war,but for some reason it could not be used then.Last year,however,it came into use.Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise.I am one of the few people le
5、ft.Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane.I have been offered a large sum of money to go away,but I am determined to stay here.Everybody says I must be mad and they are probably right.,Lesson 21 Mad or not?是不是疯了？,Translation,飞机正在逐渐把我逼疯.我住在一个机场附近,过往飞机日夜不绝于耳.,Aeroplanes a
6、re slowly driving me mad.I live near an airport and passing planes can be heard night and day.,机场是许多年前建的,但由于某种原因当时未能启用.然而去年机场开始使用了.,The airport was built years ago,but for some reason it could not be used then.Last year,however,it came into use.,有100多人肯定是被噪音逼得已经弃家远去,我是少数留下来的人中的一个.,Over a hundred peo
7、ple must have been driven away from their homes by the noise.I am one of the few people left.,有时我觉得这房子就要被一架飞过的飞机撞倒.他们曾向我提供一大笔钱让我搬走,但我决定留在这儿.,Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane.I have been offered a large sum of money to go away,but I am determined to stay here.,大家都说
8、我肯定是疯了,也许他们说的是对的.,Everybody says I must be mad and they are probably right.,1、Aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad.,drive sb.mad/crazy/insane 逼某人发疯1、You are driving me mad.2、The teacher is slowly driving me mad.,你把我逼疯了,老师把我逼疯了,mad adj.发疯 sb.is mad“为而疯狂（着迷）”的表示方法：be mad about Im mad about English.be
9、crazy about go insane（insane adj.患精神病的，精神病患者的，极愚蠢的）I slowly go insane/go crazy/go mad/go bananas.go bananas（go+adj.变得)They are going bananas.=go crazy=go mad(变疯了),sum n.量 a sum of+不可数名词 一笔 a large sum of 大笔的(large 指数量的大)a large sum of money 一大笔钱 a great many+可数名词复数 a great number of+可数名词复数 plenty of
10、 足够多的,2、I live near an airport and passing planes can be heard night and day.,night and day=_日日夜夜，夜以继日,all day and all night,passing planes 过往飞机（passing是现在分词，作定语，起形容词作用，修饰planes，“经过的(路过)，过往的”）He forgot the man with passing time.随着时间的消逝，他忘掉了那个人。sleeping baby 正在睡觉的小孩waiting car 正在等待的车,_,the scientists
11、 worked hard in the laboratory.那些科学家们日复一日在实验室中努力工作着。,It is getting warmer_.天气一天天暖和起来。The patients condition is improving_.病人的病情逐日好转。,_she waited in vain for him to telephone her.日复一日,她徒劳地等待他的电话.,day by day 强调了一个变化的过程day after day 强调日复一日重复无变化的动作,Day after day,Day after day,day by day,day by day,动名词作定
12、语表示性质或用途。a _(wash)machine a machine for washinga _(swim)pool a pool for swimming This is a new _machine.,作定语,washing,swimming,washing,作定语,现在分词作定语表示动作。如果是单词，放在被修饰的名词前；如果是短语，放就放在被修饰的名词之后。a developing country a country which is developinga _(sleep)boy a boy who is sleepingThe man_(talk)with my father i
13、s Mr.Wang.China is a _(develop)country.,sleeping,talking,developing,3、The airport was built years ago,but for some reason it could not be used then.,cause与reason的区别,1、Carelessness is often the cause _fires.疏忽大意往往酿成火灾。2、Friction is the cause _ the matchs lighting.摩擦是火柴点燃的原因。,of,of,表示造成某一事实或现象的直接原因或起因
14、，一般要用 cause(后常接 of)，不用 reason。,1、There is no reason _anxiety 没有理由焦虑。2、You have no reason_ complaint.你没有理由抱怨。,for,for,若是说明或解释某种行为或看法的理由，使用reason,其后常接 for 或不定式。,The _why I didnt tell you was that I wanted it to be a surprise.我没有告诉你，是想让它给你一个惊喜。,reason,reason 之后可接 why 引导的定语从句，而 cause 不能。,reason,reason后可
15、接whythat引导的定语从句;,The _ _ _ _ _was that he didnt care about health,1)他生病的原因是他不注意自己的健康。,reason why he fell ill,句型:The reason whyis that.,我迟到的原因是我错过了早班车！The reason why I was late（定语从句）is that I missed the first bus.,4、Last year,however,it came into use.,however/but/while,(1)We love peace,_we are not af
16、raid of war.(2)He was ill,_,he decided to go.(3)Some people are rich_others are poor.(4)Im interested in sports_my brother is fond of music.(5)_cold it is,she always goes swimming.,but,however,while,while,However,However无论如何，不管怎样,辨析：从词义看，三者相近，均表示上下文之间语气的转折；其中but语气强烈；译作“可是”.从词性上看，however作“然而，可是”解，是副词
17、，而but，while是连词，用于连接并列分句.从句子位置看，but，while位于两个并列分句之间，而however位置灵活，可位于句首、句中或句尾，而且必须用“，”与句子分开.,while,1.引导时间状语从句，“当的时候；和同时”，主从句谓语动作同时发生，从句谓语通常是延续性动词。如：While she was listening to the radio,she fell asleep.,2.表示对比或转折，意为“而；然而”。此时，while一般位于句中。如：Some people waste food while others havent enough.有些人浪费粮食,然而有些人却
18、吃不饱。You like sports while I prefer music.你喜欢体育,而我更喜欢音乐。,use ju:z n.使用come into use 启用，开始被使用（主动概念，没有被动式）When did the train come into use?The road came into use last month.ju:z vt.使用be used 被使用（被动）,1.Theyre used _seeing in the dark.它们被用于在黑夜里观看。be used for表示“被用来做”，介词for表示目的和用途，后面接名词或动词-ing形式。Wood can b
19、e used _ making paper.木材可以被用来造纸。知识拓展含有be used的常用短语：be used as表示“被用作”，介词as意思是“作为”的意思，其后一般接名词，强调使用的工具及手段。This book can be used _a textbook.这本书可以当作教科书来用。be used by表示“被使用”，by后接动作的执行者。This kind of machine is used _farmers for getting in crops.农民们用这种机器来收割庄稼。,for,for,as,by,5、Over a hundred people must have
20、 been driven away from their homes by the noise.,Something may have happened to her.她可能发生了什么事情。She might have had an accident.她或许遭受了意外.So she must have taken that too.因此，她肯定把它也带走了。,这三句话都用了“情态动词不定式的完成时”，表示对发生过的事作某种猜测、推测。,She _the parcel,I sent it by registered post.她一定已经收到包裹了，我是用挂号寄的。,must have recei
21、ved,must have done 可用来对某件过去的事情作肯定推测，表示“一定已经，想必已经”做过某事，用于肯定的陈述句中。,She _bed,for the light in her room is still on.她不可能上床睡觉了，因为她房间的灯还亮着。,cant have gone to,cant/couldnt have done 表否定推测，“不可能做过某事”。,He _by nine.他可能于九点前已离去。,may/might/could have left,may have done,might have done,“可能做过某事”，就语气而言所表的可能性更小些。,mil
22、lions of 好几百万（表达不确定数目，后接可数名词的复数）,注：表达确定数目时，用具体的数字与hundred,thousand,million的单数连用，之后不加of,后接可数名词的复数。,类似的还有：hundreds of 好几百 thousands of好几千,tens of thousands of 好几万等,1、如果公司关闭，几百个工作岗位将失去。_ jobs will be lost if the company close down.2、5百名学生上周日观看了这部电影。_ students watched the film last Sunday.,Hundreds of,F
23、ive hundred,6、I am one of the few people left.,请先看2007年中考英语第25题:If anybody calls,tell them Im out,and ask them to _ their name and address.A.passB.writeC.take D.leave,D,析:答案是D。析语境可知,该空有“留下”之意,所以应填leave。,Part V.达标练习一、翻译短语,1.把他们逼疯_2.一个正在游泳的女孩_ 3.一大笔钱_4.许多书_5.充足的时间_6.给某人提供一份工_,a swimming girl,a large s
24、um/amount of money,many/a large number of/a great many/a lot of/lots of books,plenty of time,offer sb.a job,drive them crazy,Previewing Check,1.When he heard the good news,he almost went m_ with joy.2.Miss,Albert isnt here.He is p_ ill.3.The r_ why I study Enlgish is that I want to study abroad.4.Hi
25、s father spent a large s_ of money on the house.5.The little girl gave me a d_ look-the kind that she said she would not change her mind.6.The man o_ me a job to be his assistant.,i.Complete the sentences with the proper words.,ad,robably,eason,um,etermined,ffered,3.however 然而 but 虽然但是 though 虽然但是 a
26、lthough 虽然但是e.g.Its hard work._,I enjoy it.Its hard work _ I enjoy it._ its hard work,I enjoy it.=Its hard work;I enjoy it,_.His friends,_,had other ideas.,However,but,Though/Although,though,however,10.现在完成时的被动语态：主语+_/_+_+_+(by+_)e.g.Someone has stolen my bag.(主动语态)My bag _ been _ by someone.(被动语态)W
27、e havent found the answer to the question.(主动语态)The answer to the question _ been _ by us.(被动语态),have,has,被动语态,been,过去分词,名词,has,stolen,hasnt,found,11.情态动词表示推测的被动语态：e.g.她唱得真好。我想她以前肯定是名歌手。他今天没有来上学，肯定是病了。-Hi,Tom.Any idea where Jane is?-She _ in the classroom.I saw her there just now.(2009年重庆高考)A.shall
28、beB.should have beenC.must beD.might have been.,C,She sings so well.I think she must have been a singer.,He doesnt come to school today.He must be ill.,1.mad adj.发疯的；疯狂的；生气的drive sb.mad 把某人逼疯e.g.过多的作业快把我逼疯了。_,Too much homework almost drove me crazy.,()1 Our room must _ clean.A.keep B.be kept C.to be
29、 kept D.to keep()2-Id like to buy that coat.-Im sorry._.A.it sold B.its selling C.Its been sold D.it had been sold,B,C,()3 Doctors _ in every part of the world.A.need B.are needing C.are needed D.will need()4 These papers _ yet.have not written B.have not been written C.has not written D.has not bee
30、n written,C,B,()5-My shoes are worn out._Cant they be mended?B.Let me have a look at it.C.How much do they cost?D.Cant they mended?()6 _ these desks be needed?A.Will B.Are C.Has D.Do,A,A,()7 The flowers _ often.must be water B.must be watered C.must watered D.must water()8 Where _ these boxes made?A
31、.was B.were C.is D.am,B,B,()3 Tea _ in the south of China.grows B.is grown C.were grown D.will grow()Old people must _.A.look after well B.be looked well after C.looked well after D.be looked after well,B,D,()9 Jane _ to sing us an American song last Saturday.called B.was asked C.told D.was said()10
32、 The bike _ 500 yuan.was cost B.costed C.cost D.is costed,B,C,()11 The apple _ very sweet.is tasted B.taste C.tastes D.are tasting()12 What you said _ like a good idea.heard B.listened C.sound D.sounded,C,D,Mrs Green is very busy with work and always leaves her son at home _himself.格林夫人工作很忙，她常把儿子单独留
33、在家中。,by,leave用作及物动词，意为“留下，留给”时，常见的短语有leave sb by oneself或leave sb alone（把某人独自留下）,I _my umbrella at home.我把雨伞忘在家里了。,left,汉语中说“遗忘某物”可用forget或leave。leave多与表示场所的副词或与表示具体地点的词语相连，forget则不接具体的地点。,Language notes:,1.My family has a dog named Brandy.,named Brandy过去分词短语作后置定语,I know a boy named Li Ming.我认识名字叫做黎
34、明的男孩 I have a hat made of straw.=I have a straw hat.我有一顶草帽 The covers are special boxes made of glass.这些盖子是由玻璃制成的特殊的盒子。,named=called,基本形式和意义,动词的-ed形式，是动词的一种非限定形式。动词的-ed形式兼有动词、副词和形容词的特征，可以带宾语或受状语修饰。动词的-ed形式和宾语或状语一起构成-ed分词短语。动词-ed形式的基本形式是“动词+-ed”,但也有不规则的形式。,The Past Participle,动词限定形式就是指谓语动词，由于在人称和数方面要
35、受到主语的限定，即所谓主谓一致。如;He studies English.中study就必须用三人称单数。非限定动词指非谓语动词，也就是动词不定式，分词和动名词，也就是说在人称和数方面不受主语的限定。,1.分词可以用作前置定语，此时分词和名词之间有两种语意关系：一种是分词表示主动（但时间上已经过去）；一种是分词表被动。,过去分词作定语,Eg a lost animal 一只迷路的动物 a used stamp 一枚用过的邮票 an injured finger 一个受伤的手指 a broken coin 一枚破损的硬币 a lighted candle 一支点燃的蜡烛,A 单个的过去分词作定语
36、时一般兼有被 动和完成的意义，常作前置定语。,注意：过去分词作定语时，有时只有被动意义。e.g.：spoken English 英语口语 written exercises 书面练习,fallen leaves 落叶 the risen sun 升起来的太阳the advanced countries 发达国家 a retired teacher 一名退休教师,少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的过去分词只有完成的意义。,e.g.How I regretted the hours wasted in the woods!我多懊悔在树林浪费的时光啊!I like wearing clothes
37、made of this kind of cloth 我喜欢穿这种布料做的衣服。,B 过去分词作后置定语，表示被动和 或完成意义。,e.g.The books written by Lu Xun are popular 鲁迅写的书很受欢迎。Well go to visit the bridge built hundreds of years ago 我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。,我们已经学习了动词-ing形式作定语,这里就有一个问题了,动词-ed形式作定语和动词-ing形式作定语有什么区别呢？接下来我们就谈谈它们的区别。,the changing worldthe changed worl
38、d,（正在变化的）,（变化了的）,（正在沸腾的),（已经沸腾过的）,(正在凋谢的),（已经凋谢的）,(发展中的),（发达的）,-ed 作定语与-ing 作定语的区别：,语态不同-ing表主动、进行；-ed表被动、完成,The Olympic Games,_ in 776 B.C.,didnt include women until 1912.A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be playing,考点点拨,2.Whats the language _ in Germany?A.speaking B.spoken C
39、.be spoken D.to speak,简析:该题应选B。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动,等于定语从句 whichis spoken。,3.Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa.A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.had been invited,简析:该题应选A。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动,等于定语从句who were invited。,4.The computer centre,_ last year,is very popular among the stud
40、ents in this school.A.open B.opening C.having opened D.opened,简析:该题应选D。测试过去分词短语作定语放在所修饰的名词后,可以用非限制性定语从句“which was opened last year”代替。,5.The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A.having written B.to be written C.being written D.written,简析:该题应选D。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动,等于定语从句which were written。,
