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1、Can I help you,madam?,madam/mdm/n.(对妇女的尊称)太太，夫人 Can I help you,madam?信的称呼 Dear madam,Miss 对未婚女子姓名的称谓 Miss Hill 2)小学生对女教师的尊称 Miss Yu,Mrs.夫人（已婚女子姓或姓名前）Mrs.Brown,Ms.女士（已婚或未婚女子姓或姓名前）Ms.Mary,Mr.Sir先生（男子姓或姓名前，职务前）对男子的礼貌称呼 Yes,sirMr.White 怀特先生 中小学生对男老师的称呼Good morning sirMr.President 总统先生 信的称呼 Dear Sir,jean
2、s/di:nz/n.牛仔裤A woman in jeans stood at the window of an expensive shop.clothes shirt 衬衫 coat 大衣 sweater 毛衣 T-shirt T恤衫dress 连衣裙 skirt 短裙 pants 裤子 jacket 夹克衫 vest 背心shoesboots 靴子 sandals 凉鞋 sneakers 旅游鞋,hesitate/heziteit/v.犹豫，迟疑Though she hesitated for a moment,she finally went in and asked to see a
3、dress that was in the window.1)hesitate at/over/about sthHe hesitates at nothing.他从不优柔寡断。2)hesitate to do sth做某事优柔寡断Dont hesitate to say no.3)hesitate in doing sth做某事优柔寡断I hesitated in telling the truth.hesitation n.犹豫 without hesitation 毫不犹豫,serve/s:v/v.接待(顾客)The assistant who served her did not li
4、ke the way she was dressed.vt.&vi.帮佣，当仆人，给干活 serve sb.为某人而服务Mary served(in)the family as a cook for more than ten years.vt.&vi.服务；服役；供职Have you ever served in the army?He served two terms as President.vt.&vi.接待（顾客）Tom served in a restaurant when he was 18.service n.服务,服务性工作,服役at ones service 为某人效劳 s
5、ervice station 加油站service industry 服务业,scornfully/sk:nfli/adv.轻蔑地Glancing at her scornfully,he told her that the dress was sold.scorn 1.n.鄙视，轻蔑pour scorn on sb/st以鄙夷的口气说到某人某事2.v.鄙视，傲慢的拒绝scorn sb.s invitation 傲慢的拒绝某人的邀请 scorn sb.s advice 鄙视某人的建议scorn sb.s offer 拒绝某人的帮助look down upon/on 看不起，瞧不起The man
6、 looked down on the woman.scornful adj.鄙视的，轻蔑的a scornful smile 鄙视的笑容 a scornful look 鄙视的表情,punish/pni/v.惩罚The woman walked out of the shop angrily and decided to punish the assistant next day.punish sb.for sthThe teacher punished him for telling lies.give a lesson to sb.教训某人一顿teach sb.a lesson 教训某人一
7、顿punishment n.惩罚 capital punishment 死刑,fur/f:/n.裘皮，皮毛She returned to the shop the following morning dressed in a fur coat,with a handbag in one hand and a long umbrella in the other.a coat of fur=a fur coat一件貂皮外套make the fur fly 引起争吵，打倒 leather 皮革 feather 羽毛,eager/i:/adj.热切的，渴望的（近义词 anxious）Not real
8、izing who she was,the assistant was eager to serve her this time.1)be eager for sth热衷于某事We are eager for success.2)be eager to do sth热切地要做某事The assistant was eager to serve her this time.,A woman in jeans stood at the window of an expensive shop.in是介词，后接表示衣服或颜色的词，着重于服装的款式或颜色。它所构成的短语只能作表语或定语。Can you
9、see that woman in the blue coat?He is in a black jacket today.put on“穿上、戴上”，强调“穿”“戴”的动作，后接衣服、鞋帽等。I want you to put on this coat and this hat.Put on your heavy winter coat if you are going out.,dress,wear,put on,in,with的用法小结1.in是介词，后接表示衣服或颜色的词，着重于服装的款式或颜色。它所构成的短语只能作表语或定语。Can you see that woman in the
10、 blue coat?你能看见那个穿蓝外套的女士吗？He is in a black nylon jacket today.今天他穿着黑色尼龙夹克。,2.put on“穿上、戴上”，强调“穿”“戴”的动作，后接衣服、鞋帽等。I want you to put on this coat and this hat.我要你穿这件外套，戴这顶帽子。Put on your heavy winter coat if you are going out.如果你要出去，穿上你的厚冬衣。,3.wear“穿着；戴着”，表示状态，宾语可以是衣帽，也可以是饰物、奖章等。例如：Youd better wear blue
11、 or black pants with brown shoes.穿棕色鞋子的时候,最好要穿蓝色或黑色裤子。Why does he often wear dark sunglasses?他为什么经常戴着深色的太阳镜？,4.dress的宾语通常是人，意思是“给穿衣服”1）dress oneself 或 get dressed表示给自己穿衣服。My son is now able to dress himself.我儿子现在自己会穿衣服了。Its time to wake up and get dressed!该起床穿衣服了。2）be dressed in 的意思是“穿着”，表示状态。He was
12、 dressed in a black suit.他穿着一套黑衣服3）dress up的意思是“盛装打扮、乔装打扮”。Id like you to dress up for my birthday party tonight.今晚我希望你为我的生日派对打扮打扮。,5.with表示穿戴，只能作定语，而且只能和眼镜、手套等连用，不能接衣服。The boy with thick glasses is our monitor.戴深度眼镜那个男孩是我们的班长。with表示某人有某生理特征。The police are looking for a man with a scar on his face.警
13、察正在搜寻一个脸上有疤的人。,2.at 和 in 表示地点的区别1)在表示地点或场所时，一般来讲，较大的地方用in,较小的地方用atThere were a lot of people in the street.I would like to live in a warm country.He lives at 27 West Street.2)当用at 或 in 来谈论建筑物时，in强调在建筑物里面，at则笼统的指在这个建筑物周围。at the restaurant 可以是在餐馆里面，也可以在餐馆附近in the restaurant 强调在餐馆里面,Though she hesitate
14、d for a moment,she finally went in and asked to see a dress that was in the window.,1.though 引导让步条件句though 译为“虽然但是”后面不可以加 butThough my car is very old,I dont want to buy a new one.2.askask for sth 要求得到某物He asked for some water.ask sb for sth 向某人要某物或请某人给某物。They asked me for help.ask to do sth 要求或请求做某
15、事。He asked to go alone.ask sb to do sth 请或叫某人做某事。He asked us to wait for him.,ask的用法1.ask about sth(sb)询问有关某人或某事的情况She asked about his health.她询问他的健康状况。2.ask after sb 问候某人(的健康)。They all ask after you.他们都问候你(的健康)。3.ask for sth 要求得到某物或要求与某人见面。He asked for some water.他要些水。,关于moment的词组at the moment 眼下,当
16、前 for the moment 暂时,目前 at this/that moment 在此、那时 at this moment in time 此时此刻 in a moment 立刻、马上 for a moment 一会儿 wait/just a moment 稍等一小会儿 the last moment 最后一刻 big moment 大好时机 choose/pick your moment选择好的时机,The assistant who served her did not like the way she was dressed.the way 可以直接加定语从句,不需要引导词,也可以加
17、in which 或thatI dont like the way she eats.The way she eats annoyed me.I cooked in the way you taught me.,Glancing at her scornfully,he told her that the dress was sold.Glancing at her scornfully现在分词短语作伴随状态1.分词有两种：现在分词和过去分词1）现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作，它们之间的关系是主动关系。He went out shutting the door behind
18、 him.2）过去分词作状语时，过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。Faced with difficulties，we must try to overcome them.3)分词的否定形式就是在分词前加notNot having heard from her son for a long time,the mother worried a great deal.4.分词作状语时，要特别注意其逻辑主语须和谓语动词的主语一致，否则分词必须有自己的主语。这种带主语的分词结构称作分词的独立结构，或独立主格。,The woman walked out of the sh
19、op angrily and decided to punish the assistant next day.,decide v.决定，决心；n.decision1)decide sthIt is you who decide your fate.2)decide to do sthHe decided to give up.3)decide thatHe decided that he would go abroad to study.4)decide on/upon sthDont decide on important matters too quickly.make up ones
20、mind to do sth 下定决心做某事He made up his mind to sell his house.,She returned to the shop the following morning dressed in a fur coat,with a handbag in one hand and a long umbrella in the other.,the following morning=the next morningdressed in a fur coat过去分词作伴随状态A woman went into the shop dressed in jea
21、ns.with sth.in ones hand 手上拿着The woman went into the shop with an expensive handbag in her hand.onethe other（两者中的）一个，另一个I have two pens.One is blue,the other is black.,After seeking out the rude assistant,she asked for the same dress.,after prep.conj.After breakfast I went shopping with my friends.A
22、fter I had breakfast I went shopping with my friends.seek vi.vt.seek sought sought 寻找seek sthseek sb/sth out 找出，搜寻出 seek for=look for=search for 寻找,Not realizing who she was,the assistant was eager to serve her this time.,not realizing who she was 现在分词的否定形式做原因状语,With great difficulty,he climbed into
23、 the shop window to get the dress.,with great difficulty/trouble，with表示行为方式。He lifted the box with ease/difficulty.With great pleasure he got the dress for the woman.,As soon as she saw it,the woman said she did not like it.,as soon as,hardlywhen,no soonerthan一。就。1.as soon as A事发生后就做B这件事Ill write yo
24、u as soon as I get there.2.no soonerthan 刚做完A这件事就做B这件事I had no sooner got back to the kitchen than the doorbell rang.3.hardlywhen 几乎未来得及做完A这件事就做B这件事He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house.,She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring almost everything in the window before fina
25、lly buying the dress she had first asked for.,enjoy sb doing sth 开心做某事He enjoyed himself listening to classical music.had first asked for过去完成时,程度副词的种类1.肯定absolutely,almost,completely,enough,entirely,extremely,fairly,far,just,much,nearly,only,quite,rather,really,so,too,very等。2.否定barely,scarcely,hardl
26、y,2.使役动词make,let,have，get1）make,let,have后面的动词不定式不加to，即make/have/let sb.do sth.2）make sb.do sth(含迫使、强迫之意)让某人做某事I cant make him change his mind.The teacher made the boy write the exercise again.3）let sb.do sth.让某人做某事（无强迫之意）Dont let him persuade you.Dont let the children touch anything in this room ple
27、ase.,一、1.2.,做，制作,make sth,He can make kites.,make 双宾为某人做某事,make sb sth=make sth for sb,make（made-made),His father made him a toy.,=His father made a toy for him.,二、当make表示“使、让”时，一般用于“make+宾语+宾补”这种结构，,1)make+sb./sth.+形容词.“使某人或某物处于某种状态”。,例如：Thenewsmadehimhappy.,例如：Rainy days makeshimsad.,2)make+sb./st
28、h.+名词表示“使成为”,例如：They all want to make Jim monitor.,例如：We made him headmaster.,3)make+sb./sth.+do sth表示“使做”,例如：He made me laugh.他使我笑了。,It makes me feel nervous.它使我感到紧张,表达让某人做某事：1.make/have/let+sb+do sth.,2.get sb to do,注意：当make 用于被动语态时，必须带不定式符号to.,例如：It makes me laugh every day.,I am made to laugh(by
29、 it)every day,被动语态为 sb.be made to do,做鬼脸与交友与。和解取得进步确信、弄清楚做一个决定下决心做某事 挣钱，赚钱 犯错误整理床铺制作卡片,make a decision=decide,make a face/faces,make friends with,make peace with,make progress in doing,make sure,make up ones mind to do,make money,make a mistake/mistakes,make ones bed,make cards,生火沏茶泡咖啡构成，由。组成，请自便打电话
30、给腾出地方做调查转错弯,make yourself at home,make a fire,make tea,make up,make a telephone,make room for,make coffee,make a survey,make a wrong turn,be made up of,3.be made+介词,be made of+材 由做成（能看出原料）,be made from+材由制成（看不出,be made by+某人 由被（某人）做,be made in+地点 在某地被制造,be made up of 由。制成,例如：The book is made of pape
31、r。,Wine is made from rice.,At,In,Off and With 在表示地点和位置时，说话人的个人角度会影响对介词的选择。at通常用于表示居住地点和某个停留地点、工作地点等，而 in表示里面或包围的含义：1.Ill see you at the station.2.On the way home,we stopped at a small village called Puddleton.3.Lets go for a walk in the park.,off常与动词连用，表示位置的变化，即“与分离”，可译为“脱掉，掉落”（相当于away from或 down fr
32、om的意思）等，其反义词为 on：The lid came off easily.这个盖子很容易掉.The pencil rolled off the table.铅笔滚到桌子下面去了.,描写人时，in通常用于表示穿着，后面加衣服或颜色，with则表示身上的某个具体特征或随身带着、拿着什么：He looks handsome in that uniform.The police are looking for a man with a scar on his face.The woman with the brown handbag and long umbrella is a famous
33、novelist.,Make and Let make+sb/sth+do，表示“迫使，致使”：1.She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring almost everything in the window.2.What made him change his mind?3.That beard makes you look much older than you really are.在被动语态中含有上述意义的 make后面必须带 to：He was made to work fourteen hours a day.He was made
34、to change his mind.,二、当make表示“使、让”时，一般用于“make+宾语+宾补”这种结构，,1)make+sb./sth.+形容词.“使某人或某物处于某种状态”。,例如：Thenewsmadehimhappy.,例如：Rainy days makeshimsad.,2)make+sb./sth.+名词表示“使成为”,例如：They all want to make Jim monitor.,例如：We made him headmaster.,3)make+sb./sth.+do sth表示“使做”,例如：He made me laugh.他使我笑了。,It makes
35、 me feel nervous.它使我感到紧张,做鬼脸与交友与。和解取得进步确信、弄清楚做一个决定下决心做某事 挣钱，赚钱 犯错误整理床铺制作卡片,make a decision=decide,make a face/faces,make friends with,make peace with,make progress in doing,make sure,make up ones mind to do,make money,make a mistake/mistakes,make ones bed,make cards,生火沏茶泡咖啡构成，由。组成，请自便打电话给腾出地方做调查转错弯,
36、make yourself at home,make a fire,make tea,make up,make a telephone,make room for,make coffee,make a survey,make a wrong turn,be made up of,3.be made+介词,be made of+材 由做成（能看出原料）,be made from+材由制成（看不出,be made by+某人 由被（某人）做,be made in+地点 在某地被制造,be made up of 由。制成,例如：The book is made of paper。,Wine is m
37、ade from rice.,一、1.2.,做，制作,make sth,He can make kites.,make 双宾为某人做某事,make sb sth=make sth for sb,make（made-made),His father made him a toy.,=His father made a toy for him.,let用于祈使句，建议包括说话者在内的人采取某一行动：Lets not waste time any more.let+sb/sth+do,表示“允许”：1.Dont let him persuade you.2.Dont let the children touch anything in this room please.let后面可以跟一个被动的、不带 to的不定式：He let it be known that the house was his.但 let一般不用于被动意义来表示“被允许”，这时可用 allow。We were not allowed to speak.,Lets play table tennis together,shall we?Let us play table tennis together,will you?,Homework,复习三课，每天读三遍预习三课，知道文章大概意思,
