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1、,Lesson 65 Jumbo versus the police 小象对警察,New words and expressions:1.versus prep.对2.approach v.走近3.Christmas n.圣诞节4.ought modal verb应该5.circus n.马戏团6.weigh v.重7.present n.礼物8.fortunate adj.幸运的9.accompany v.陪伴，随行,.1.versus prep.对（1）(两队或上方对阵)对;对抗 Eg：The big match tonight is England versus Spain.今晚的大赛是
2、英格兰对西班牙。（2)(比较两种不同想法，选择等)与.相对 the problem of determinism versus freedom 决定论与自由论相抗衡的问题,2.Christmas n.圣诞节Christmas Eve 圣诞前夜(12月24日)Christmas present 圣诞礼物Christmas tree 圣诞树Father Christmas 圣诞老人Santa Claus 圣诞老人圣诞节快乐！Marry Christmas!Have a good Christmas,3.circus n.马戏团a circus clown 马戏团小丑run a circus 演马戏
3、,4.present preznt n.礼物（1）adj 现在的,当前的 the present price 现价（2）n现在,目前 at present 现在 There is no time like the present.机不可失,时不再来。（3）n.礼物,赠品 He often gave his neighbors kids little presents.他常常送些小礼物给邻居的孩子。,5.approach prut v.走近（1）接近,靠近come nearer and nearerThe old man approaches 80 years old.这个老人将近80岁了。ap
4、proach sbHe is approaching me.他正向我逼近。（2）着手处理,开始对付He approached the question as soon as possible 他尽快地处理了这个问题。（3）途径，方法,方式;态度+toI like her approach to the problem.我喜欢她解决这个问题的方法。we have found an approach to success.我已经找到了成功的方法。,6.ought modal verb应该（1）(表示义务、责任等)应当,应该 Students ought to study hard.学生应该努力用功
5、。（2）(表示愿望)应该,该 You ought to read his novels.你应该读读他的小说。（3）(表示可能性、期望)该 It ought to be a fine day tomorrow.明天该是好天气。（4）区别ought to do sth和should do sth should：应该（我认为）ought to：应该（强调义务）You should knock at the door.You ought to knock at the door.,7.weigh v.重（1）v.称.的重量,掂估.的分量He weighed the parcel by hand.他用手
6、估量那个包裹的重量。（2）v.有.重量;称起来 How much do you weigh?你体重多少?sbweigh体重（3）weight n.重,重量;体重 What is your weight?你体重多少?lose weight 减肥,1.Dressed up as Father Christmas and accompanied by a guard of honour of six pretty girls,he set off down the main street of the city riding a baby elephant called Jumbo.dress up
7、 as：打扮成为+角色/职业dress up in：穿上+颜色/衣服be accompanied by 在陪伴下a guard of honour：仪仗队set off：出发,2.He should have known that the police would never allow this sort of thing.should have known 本应知道should have done原本应该做而没做neednt have done过去不必做但是做了,3.A policeman approached Jimmy and told him he ought to have gon
8、e along a side street as Jumbo was holding up the traffic.（1）ought to：应该should（应该）/ought to（应该）/have to的区别have to：不得不（客观）ought to：应该（强调义务）should：应该（含有建议）,（2）所有的情态动词have done都跟过去有关跟虚拟语气有关的：would have done表示推测句型：may/must/cant have doneshould have done：原本该做但是没做neednt have done：原本不必做但是做了（3）asbecause（4）h
9、old up the traffic：阻碍交通,4.Though Jimmy agreed to go at once,Jumbo refused to move.though/although 尽管+句子in spite of+名词/代词/动名词agree to do sth：同意做某事agree with sb：同意某人I agree with youI agree to your advice.refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事,表示“应该”和“必须”的情态助动词 should,ought to,have to 与must（1）在第17课的语法中，我们学习了表示不可逃避的义务或
10、表示“必须”的must。must通常只用于现在时和将来时，其他时态则用 have to代替。have to比must往往更强调客观的要求或外在的原因：I must go to school now.I t is raining,I have to leave now.,（2）should 和 ought to都可译为“应该”，表示义务、责任或某个正确的行为。ought to比 should语气略强些，多用于肯定句；疑问句与否定结构则多用 should。与它们相比，must和 have to 的语气要强得多，没有选择余地：I cant go to the cinema tonight;I mus
11、t(or have to)write some letters.今晚我不能去看电影，我必须写几封信（我没有选择，我必须而且将会写这些信。I should(or ought to)do some work tonight,but I think I shall go to the cinema instead.今晚我应当做一些工作，不过我想我会去看电影的（对我来说，正确的做法是工作，但是我选择了去看电影。）,（3）had to表示“过去的必须”，表示过去必须做某事。而“should(or ought to)+have+过去分词”表示过去应该做或完成）而没有做的事，我们经常翻译为“本该做”。I missed the train,so I had to take a taxi.（我没有选择，只有叫计程车）Im sorry Im late,I should(or ought to)have taken a taxi.（我知道正确的做法应该是叫车来的，但是我没有叫。）You ought to（should）have been more careful in this experiment.你当时在做试验时应该更仔细点。,
