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1、2014春季新版八年级下册英语第一至三单元知识点小结,Unit 1 Whats the matter?,1.What s the matter?怎么啦？出什么事情了？【解析】matter/mt(r)/n.问题；事情 What s the matter with you?=Whats the trouble with you?=What s wrong with you?你怎么了？,2.I had a cold.我感冒了。have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu感冒 have a fever 发烧 have a cough咳嗽have a stomachache
2、胃疼，肚子疼 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache头疼,3.身体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache后背痛4.much too+形容词，意为 太.too much+名词，意为 很多，大量。,5.enough【形容、副词】足够的/地enough放在名前后，形副后。good enough足够好enough money=much money6.lie down躺下 lie 躺，躺着过去式lay；lie说谎
3、，过去式lied,7.maybe“或许”常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right.may be是情态动词+be的结构，意为“可能，也许”后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry.8.sound like+名词代词和从句It sounds like you dont know the truth.It sounds like a good idea.sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”The music sounds nice.,9.need 需要实义动词need+名词，需要某物；need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动
4、作You need to listen carefully during class.need doing sth.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作Your dirty clothes need washing.10.get off(the bus)下（公交车）get on 上车,11.agree 同意，赞同；agree with sth.同意某事 如：I agree with that idea.agree to sb.同意某人的意见 如：I agree to LiLei.12.trouble问题，麻烦 be in trouble遇到麻烦make trouble 制造麻烦 have troubl
5、e(in)doing sth.=have difficulties(in)doing sth做.有麻烦。,13.right away=right now=at once，马上。14.advice 不可数名词劝告，建议，向征求意见 give sb.advice on sth.就某事给某人建议 advise 动词 advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事 advise sb.doing sth.15.mind doing sth.介意做某事16.give up(doing)sth.放弃（做）某事,17.exercise 练习、锻炼当exercise意为“练习”时，为可数名词 即可加s
6、当exercise意为“锻炼”时，为不可数名词 即不加s18.used to sth.过去常常做某事 be used to doing sth.习惯于19.物sth.run out.某物用尽了。人sb.run out of sth.人用尽了某物。He run out of all his money last night.,20.risk(sb.)to do sth.冒险去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒险 21.the importance of(doing)sth.（做）某事的重要性22.make a decision 做决定;make a decision to
7、do sth.=decide to do sth.23.be in the control of 掌管，管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school.be out of control无法控制，无法管理 be under control被控制住，在控制之中,Unit 2 Ill help to clean up the city parks,cheer(sb.)up（让某人）变得高兴；振奋起来 give out分发；散发=hand out give sth.out to sb.把某物分发给某人 volunteer【名词】志愿者【动
8、词】义务做，自愿做（某事）volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事，,alone【形容词】独自一人的，无感情色彩 lonely（感到）孤独寂寞的,带有很强的感情色彩,可做表语或定语。such+a/an+形容词+单数名词such a good day 多么美好的一天 such an exciting match 多么 精彩的比赛 such+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词such important decisions 多么重要的建议 such delicious food 多么美味的食物,be busy with sth.忙于（做）什么事情 be busy doing sth.忙于（做）
9、什么事情 try doing sth.试着去做某事 try to do sth.尽力去做某事 try ones best(to do sth.)尽某人最大的努力去做某事 be worried about sb./sth.=worry about sb./sth.担心某人、某事,raise money集资，筹钱raise money for为筹钱make it possible(for sb.)to do sth.使（某人）做某事成为可能，You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.make it+形容词(+for sb.)to do
10、sth.使（某人）做某事成为；think/find it+形容词to do sth.,have difficulty(in)doing sth.=have trouble(in)doing sth.做某事有困难 care for sb./sth.照顾；照料take care of=look after,Unit3 Could you please clean your room?,Peter,could you please take out the trash?彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？Could you please do sth?请你（做）.好吗？用于提出请求，希望得到对方的肯定回答，说话
11、的语气比较客气委婉。Could 不是can的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法.回答用can.【常用答语】肯定回答：Sure./Of course./Certainly./No problem.否定回答：Sorry,I cant,take out 取出（v+adv）【注】跟代词做宾语，代词放中间；跟名词做宾语，可放在中间，也可放在后边His teeth hurt badly.The dentist take them out.,take a rest 休息 take care of 照顾 take up 占据 take down 拿下 take ones time 不急；慢慢来take ones te
12、mperature 量体温,take out the trash 倒垃圾 take a walk 散步 take away 拿走，取走take back 收回 take place 发生 take off 脱下；起飞,Could I at least finish watching this show?至少让我看完这个节目可以吗？1】Could I do a sth?我可以做.吗？用于表达请求，语气比较委婉。Could I go out with my classmate this weekend?2】at least 至少，多指数量或程度上的最低限度。(反)at most 至少，不超过Now
13、 all of us exercise at least an hour a day and outside school.3】finish v 结束；完成 finish doing sth 做完某事 Can you finish _reading_ these books before 10 oclock?Yes,I can.,come 短语：come across（偶然）发现 come back 回来 come up with想出 come true实现 come down下来come out出来，(花)开，(照片)冲洗出来,come from=be from来自,出生于come in/i
14、nto进入,进来 come on赶快,加油 come and go来来去去come up上来,find+宾语+宾语补足语【注】find found found v寻找(1)find sb.doing sth 发现某人做某事(2)find it+adj.+to do sth 发现做某事很find it difficult/hard to do sth 发现做某事很困难,share sth 分享或共用某物share sth with sb.与某人分享某物all the time=always 一直；总是 pass sb.sth 把某物递给某人Pass on 传递 invite v invitati
15、on n邀请(1)invite sb.to do sth 邀请某人做某事(2)invite sb.to+地点 邀请某人去某地,ask for 请求，要某物 ask sb.about sth 向某人询问关于某事 ask sb.to do sth请某人做某事ask sb.not to do sth不让某人做某事ask sb for sth 向某人要某物ask for help 寻求帮助,hate to do sth 讨厌做某事,表示某次具体行为或动作。I hate to trouble him.hate doing sth不愿意做某事 表示经常或习惯性行为或动作。She hates smoking
16、 in her room.,(1)spendspentspent v 花费,主语是人sb.+spend+时间/钱+on sth sb.+spend+时间/钱+（in）doing sth(2)pay paid paid v 支付，主语是人sb.+pay+钱+for sth(3)cost cost cost v 花费，主语是某物或某事 sth cost sb.+钱 某物花费某人多少钱(4)taketook taken v 花费It takes/took sb.some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间,spend/pay/cost/take 花费,get up 起床 get b
17、ack 返回 get over 克服 get dressed穿衣 get into进入 get/be lost丢失 get on well with sb.与某人相处得好,get out of从出来 get warm 变暧get ready for+n.为做准备 get ready to do sth.准备做某事get well康复 get a chance 有机会、得到机会get/go to sleep,provide v.提供provide sb.with sth.(sb 前介词用for)=provide sth for sb.(sth 前需加介词with)供应某人某物offer sb.sth.=offer sth to sb.,
