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1、过去分词作定语和表语the Past Participle as the Attribute and Predicative,Unit 1 Great Scientists-Grammar,非谓语动词,不能做谓语的动词,1.动名词，既有动词的性质，也有名词的性质，既然是名词那就可以做主语和宾语。2.现在分词没有名词性质，所以不能做主语和宾语。动名词作表语可以和主语互换，而动名词不行。3.现在分词作定语和被修饰词之间是主谓关系，动名词 作定语可以换成：名词+for+动名词。,Reading is interesting.阅读是有趣的。I like reading.我喜欢阅读。My hobby i
2、s swimming.我的爱好是游泳。Swimming is my hobby.游泳是我的爱好。,动名词v-ing和现在分词v-ing的区别,a meeting room 会议室a falling leaf 一片落叶,非谓语动词可以做什么句子成分？,词,短语,句子,修饰名词或代词的,形容词,后置定语,后置定语,前置定语,形容词短语,介词短语,非谓语动词短语,定语从句,定语(Attribute)“.的”,现在分词短语过去分词短语to do,哪些词可以作定语？,非谓语动词：v-ed,v-ing,to do exciting news,excited people,a lot of work to
3、do(大量工作要去做)a good place to have fun(一个玩乐的好地方),名词：为了说明名词的材料：a diamand ring 用途：a meeting room时间：Spring Festival地点：Beijing University内容：sports meeting类别：a bus driver,数词:two theories,a rule,形容词:限定描绘大长高,形状年龄和新老,颜色国籍跟材料,用途类别往后靠.,代词或名词所有格：this,that,these,those,my,your,his.Toms,my sisters,一只受伤的小鸟,一.过去分词作定语(
4、Attribute),1.形式：规则的过去分词由动词+ed构成 不规则的过去分词(课本page104-107)2.位置：前置定语：单个过去分词,放在名词前 后置定语：分词短语,放在名词后3.意义：vt-ed做定语表被动和完成 vi-ed做定语只表完成(不及物动词没有被动),a broken glass,an injured bird,a lighted candle,一个碎了的玻璃杯,一只点燃的蜡烛,stars loved by teenagers,a teacher respected by students,a book written by Lu Xun,fallen leaves 落叶
5、,the risen sun 升起的太阳,a closed door一扇关着的门,a used book 一本用过的书,a.单个过去分词修饰 something,everything,anything,nothing,somebody,nobody，anyone,等不定代词和指示代词 those时，也要放在这些词后面。Is there anything undone?还有没做完的事吗？Have those hurt been sent to hospital?那些受伤的人已经被送去医院了吗？,注意：,The man beaten by Angelababy is Deng Chao.,The
6、man who is beaten by Anglelababy is Deng Chao.,被anglelababy打的那个人是邓超。,b.过去分词短语作后置定语时，相当于一个定语从句。,The little girl dressed in purse looks like Wang Zulan.The little girl who is dressed in purse looks like Wang Zulan.,穿紫色衣服的小女孩看起来像王祖蓝。,b.过去分词短语作后置定语时，相当于一个定语从句。,练习一.句型转换。1.Mona Lisa is a picture_(paint)by
7、 Da Vinci.=Mona Lisa is a picture _by Da Vinci.,which/that was painted,painted,b.过去分词短语作后置定语时，相当于一个定语从句。,过去分词短语 定语从句：其前面加关系代词和系动词。定语从句 过去分词短语：去掉关系代词和系动词。,stars loved by teenagers=who are loved by teenagers,a teacher respected by students=who was respected by students,a book written by Lu Xun=that/wh
8、ich was written by Lu Xun,2.The girl who is dressed in red is Kellys friend.=The girl _ is Kellys friend.,练习二 句型转换,A thief stole the goat that was tied to the tree.=A thief stole the goat _ to the tree.,tied,dressed in red,burnt down in the sixteenth century,3.The castle,which was burnt down in the
9、16th century,was never rebuilt.=The castle,_ was never rebuilt.,5.The project,which was designed by the Chinese engineers,was constructed in only 2 year.=The project,_,was constructed in only 2 year.,designed by the chinese enineers,C.过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别：,fallen leavesfalling leaves,boiled water boili
10、ng water,C.过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别：,d.四种非谓语动词形式作定语所表示的内涵,I know the people building the house there.我认识那些正在那儿建房子的人。(主动、进行）The house being built over there is a shop.正在那儿被建的房子是一个商店。(被动、进行)The house built over there is a shop.那儿建好的房子是一个商店。(被动、完成)The house to be built over there is a shop.在那儿将要建的房子是一个商店。(被动、
11、将来),1.His book _ last year sells well.2.His book _ now will be on sale next year.3.His book _ next year will be his best one.4.The press(出版社)_ his book is famous in the city.,publish(出版),published,being published,to be published,publishing,二.过去分词作表语(Predictive),1.位置和意义：位于系动词之后，多表示主语的心情、状态、性质。,look,s
12、ound,smell,taste,feel(感官动词)be,become,get,turn,grow,fall(变得)stay,keep,remain(保持)seem,appear(似乎；显得)turn out,prove（证明是，结果是）,She looks disappointed.她看上去很失望。,(1)表情感的过去分词：,delighted/pleased,interested,disappointed/upset,surprised/astonished,excited,shocked,frightened,satisfied,puzzled/confused,(2).表状态的一些过
13、去分词：lost;seated,hidden,lost/absorbed in(专心于)born(出生);dressed in(穿着);tired of(厌烦).eg.那个小孩迷路了。The little boy got lost.飞机着陆的时候乘客要保持就座的状态。The passengers should remain/be seated as the plane is making a landing.为了不被发现，小偷藏在床下面。In order not to be found,the thief was hidden under the bed.,二.过去分词作表语(Predicat
14、ive),2.过去分词(V-ed)和现在分词(V-ing)形式作表语的区别:V-ed表状态“感到”常用来形容sb.V-ing表特征“令人”常用来形容sth.,eg.这部电影如此的有趣以至于我对它很感兴趣。The film is so interesting that Im interested in it.,surprising surprised exciting excited disappointing disappointed tiring tired amazing amazed boring bored relaxing relaxed pleasing pleased,confu
15、sing confused satisfying satisfied astonishing astonished inspiring inspired amusing amused movingmoveddepressing depressed,The mouse was very_ at the _ cats.(frighten),frightened,frightening,V-ed作表语,意为“感到.”常用来形容sb,也可以用来形容动物。,感到害怕的,令人害怕的,The _ look in her face suggested that she was _.frightened,fri
16、ghtened frightening,frightened frightened,frightening frightening,frighten,look,expression(表情)虽然是sth,也可以用v-ed作定语修饰,意为“感到.的”,A,a frightened look/expression(表情)一个(感到)害怕的表情,a frightening look/expression一个令人害怕的表情,3.过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别:表语：放在系动词的后面说明主语的状态或特征被动：表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作 构成：be+done+byeg.杯子破了。The cup is
17、broken.杯子被Tom打破了。The cup was broken by Tom.(被动语态),（系表结构）,As is known to us all,traveling is _,but we often feel _ when we are back from travels.A.interesting;tiredB.interested;tiringC.interesting;tiringD.interested;tired,2.Hearing the _ news,we all felt _.A.encouraging,encouraging,B.encouraged,encou
18、raged C.encouraged,encouraging D.encouraging,encouraged,3.From the dates _ on the gold coin,it is confirmed that was made five hundred years ago.A.marking B.marked C.to be marked D.having been marked,4.The _ look in her face suggested that she _ it before.surprising,wouldnt know surprised,hadnt know
19、n surprising,hadnt known surprised,shouldnt know,5.The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A.having written B.to be written C.written D.being written,过去分词作定语和表语的区别:定语 放在名词和代词的前面或后面 表示动作完成 或被动表语 放在be 动词或系动词的后面 说明主语的状态或特征,Summary,They are cleaning up the rubbish of the polluted river.,_(vt/vi)的过去分词做定语，表示_(完成、被动),How beautiful the risen sun is!旭日真美啊！,_(vt/vi)的过去分词做定语，表示_(完成/被动),Autumn is coming.There are a lot of fallen leaves on the ground._(vt/vi)的过去分词做定语，表示_(完成/被动),
