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1、GRE考试语文VERBAL算分方式 对于各位GRE考生来说,清楚了解GRE阅读部分的算分方法,对于评估自身备考程度,实际水平都有着很重要的意义,下面就和大家分享GRE考试语文VERBAL算分方式标准详细介绍,来欣赏一下吧。GRE考试语文VERBAL算分方式标准详细介绍新gre阅读考试算分简介新GRE阅读考试分数不像其他考试的计算方法,利用的是答对题得分不扣分的方式。新GRE算分方法有助于避免现行考试中多做对一道题导致分数差十分这样局面产生,让分数计算更加精准更加合理。新GRE阅读考试的算分方式新GRE的计分方式主要的变化在于文字推理(Verbal Reasoning,以下简称“语文”)和数量推
2、理(Quantitative Reasoning,以下简称“数学”)部分,分区区间为130分-170分,最小分数段为1分,评分尺度为41个分数级。作为语文中包含的一个主要部分的阅读考试,同样遵循这一记分规则。新老GRE算分变化的含义老GRE计分方式最小分数段为10分,分数值间跳跃幅度过大,调查发现,这会夸大两个考生水平的真实差距。比如,面对一个640分的考生和一个650分的考生,招生人员会感觉两者水平有着明显的差异,但事实上两人的分数只相差了一个分数级。新GRE计分方式最小分数段为1分,可以有效的避免这种心理上的错觉,更加客观的反映考生的真实水平。以上就是关于新GRE阅读考试记分规则的介绍,希
3、望能够帮助各位考生清晰地明白新GRE阅读考试评分标准,在平时复习和模考时精确估算出自己的成绩,更有针对性的进行考试准备和规划。GRE阅读:利用*结构来解题1. 结论-解释型(也叫论点-解释型)2. 新老观点对比型3. 现象解释型(包含问题-解决方案型)首先是“结论-解释型”*。这类*在开始有一个判断句,一般是*的结论,也是*的主题。这个判断句的谓语部分通常包含系动词(is, remain, prove, turn out, appear等)或情态动词(can, may, should, must等),而且含有表示态度的词汇(如形容词等)。例如,Because of its accuracy i
4、n outlining the Earths subsurface, the seismic-reflection method remains the most important tool in the search for petroleum reserves. In field practice, a subsurface is mapped by arranging a series of wave-train sources, such as small dynamite explosions, in a grid pattern*首句指出:“由于地震反射法(sr)在勾划地球的地下
5、层面这方面的准确性,该方法一直是探寻石油储备的最重要的工具。”这是一个判断句,为结论。其中remains为系动词,而most important为态度词,表示作者对“地震反射法”持非常正面的评价。后文应解释“地震反射法”的具体过程。 第二句话对解释进行总的说明:“在实地作业中,通过将一系列波列源,诸如小规模炸药爆炸,排列成一个网格模式,从而将地下层面标绘出来。”接下来是“地震反射法”的详细过程。GRE阅读*的第二种常见结构是“新老观点对比型”。 这类*在开始提出老观点,然后提出新观点并进行论述。通常新观点是*的主题。老观点出现的标志词有:1. 传统观点: has been, tradition
6、ally, until recently等2. 大众观点:frequently, widely, many等新观点出现的标志词有:however, recently, now等。例如:Traditionally, pollination by wind has been viewed as a reproductive process marked by random events in which the vagaries of the wind are compensated for by the generation of vast quantities of pollen, so th
7、at the ultimate production of new seeds is assured at the expense of producing much more pollen than is actually used。However, a number of features that are characteristic of wind-pollinated plants reduce pollen waste*首句指出:“传统上,风媒授粉过程一直被视为是一个以随机事件为标志的繁殖过程,其中风的不确定性通过产生大量花粉而得以补偿,因此,新种子的最终繁殖得以保证,而此举的代价
8、是所需产生的花粉要远远超过实际的使用量。”由第一个词traditionally可知*首句为老观点(由于风的不确定性,风媒植物要产生大量花粉补偿),那么*的结构是“新老观点对比型”。第二段首句出现了GRE阅读中的标志性转折词however,说明这句话就是新观点:“但是,风媒植物所独有的一系列特征可减少花粉浪费。”这说明风媒植物除了可以产生大量花粉加以补偿的消极策略之外,还可以通过一些积极机制减少花粉损失,不一定需要产生大量花粉。GRE阅读*的第三种常见结构是“现象解释型”。*开始提出一个现象,然后解释现象。解释是主题。有多个解释时,作者一般对前面的解释持负面评价,对最后的解释持正面评价。提出现象
9、时的标志词有:phenomenon, fact; problem, difficulty, puzzle, question等。例如,What causes a helix in nature to appear with either a dextral (right-handed,or clockwise) twist or a sinistral (left-handed, or counterclockwise) twist is one of the most intriguing puzzles in the science of formWhat mechanisms, cont
10、rol handedness and keep left-handedness rare?It would seem unlikely that evolution should discriminate against sinistral snails if sinistral and dextral snails are exact mirror images, for any disadvantage that a sinistral twist in itself could confer on its possessor is almost inconceivable. But le
11、ft- and right-handed snails are not actually true mirror images of one anotherBut this evolutionary mechanism combining dissymmetry, anatomy, and chance does not provide an adequate explanation of why right-handedness should have become predominantHere, the evolutionary theory must defer to a theory
12、 based on an explicit developmental mechanism that can favor either right- or left-handednessThus, the path to a solution to the puzzle of handedness in all snails appears to be as twisted as the helix itself.是什么样的原因致使自然界中的螺旋体呈现出右旋(“右向旋转的”,或顺时针的)或左旋(“左向旋转的,”或反时针的)?这是形态科学中一个最引人入胜的不解之谜.。究竟是一些什么样的机制控制着
13、旋转方向,并使左旋的比例为数稀少呢?假如左旋和右旋蜗牛呈完全一致的镜像对称的话,那么进化对左旋蜗牛不利,这近乎不太可能。几乎无法想象左旋本身会给左旋者带来任何不利之处。然而,左旋与右旋蜗牛彼此间实际上并不呈真正的镜像对称但是,这种结合不对称、解剖学和偶然性的进化论机制并未提供一种充分的解释,以说明蜗牛的右旋何以会成为主要的旋向于是,进化论必须让位于支持右旋或左旋的明确的发育机制为基础的理论因此,解决所有蜗牛身上旋向之谜的道路似乎与这一螺旋体本身一样曲折复杂。上文在第一段最后提出一个问题:“究竟是一些什么样的机制控制着旋转方向,并使左旋的比例为数稀少呢?”这个问题就是一个现象:螺旋体中左旋的比例
14、少。有问题就有解答,有现象就有解释。第二段从进化论的角度解释这一现象。但是,GRE阅读*中一般对进化论的解释持负面评价,所以需要寻找新的解释。第三段否定了进化论的解释。在末段,作者以发育机制(developmental mechanism)解释“为何左旋少、右旋多”。把握了*的三种主体结构以后,做*后的许多题时易如反掌。以上述的“结论解释型”*为例,如果熟悉*的主体结构,下面两道题就很容易找到正确答案。1. The passage is primarily concerned with(A) describing an important technique(B) discussing a n
15、ew method(C) investigating a controversial procedure(D) announcing a significant discovery(E) promoting a novel application正确答案对应*首句的主题句。因此(A)为正确答案。2. Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?(A) A method is criticized, and an alternative is suggested。(B) An illustration
16、 is examined, and some errors are exposed。(C) An assertion is made, and a procedure is outlined。(D) A series of examples is presented, and a conclusion is drawn。(E) A hypothesis is advanced, and supporting evidence is supplied。*的结构是“结论解释型”,因此(C)为正确答案。GRE阅读:长难句解析1. Most striking among the many asymme
17、tries evident in an adult flatfish is eye placement: before maturity one eye migrates,so that in an adult flatfish both eyes are on the same side of the head. (3+)在一条成年比目鱼身上显著存在的诸多不对称(asymmetry)特征中,最为吸人注目的是眼睛的摆位:在成年之前,一只眼睛发生移动,因此在成年比目鱼身上,两只眼睛均位于头部的同一侧面。难句类型:倒装、省略解释:本句的倒装本质上与我们早就的一种倒装结构是一样的,即形容词放在句首时
18、,主语和谓语倒装。本句的主干的正常语序应该是:Eye placement is most striking;倒装后成了Most striking is eye placement.但是这种倒装在GRE考试中出现,又有了新的特色,被提到句首的Most striking被长长的状语among the many asymmetries evident in an adult flatfish与后面的主语和表语分开,造成阅读困难。意群训练:Most striking among the many asymmetries evident in an adult flatfish is eye place
19、ment: before maturity one eye migrates,so that in an adult flatfish both eyes are on the same side of the head.2. A critique of Handlins interpretation of why legal slavery did not appear until the 1660s suggests that assumptions about the relation between slavery and racial prejudice should be reex
20、amined , and that explanations for the different treatment of Black slaves in North and South America should be expanded .(4)一个对于H的关于为何法律上的奴隶制没有在17世纪60年代以前出现的原因所作解释的批评显示,关于奴隶制和种族偏见之间的关系的假说应当重新检查,而且显示出,对于在北美和南美之间的对黑怒的不同处理的解释应当被扩展。GRE阅读长难句类型:复杂修饰、省略解释:句子的主干清楚:A critique suggests that, and suggests tha
21、t。但是因为句子的结构复杂、修饰成分多,再加上后面的and 之后的suggests被省略,所以句子的结构很难被读出来的。本句的suggest不再是暗示,而是显示、说明的意思,其同义词有point,indicate,imply.本句的两个suggest之后的宾语从句都根据语法要求使用了虚拟语气。意群训练:A critique of Handlins interpretation of why legal slavery did not appear until the 1660s suggests that assumptions about the relation between slavery and racial prejudice should be reexamined , and that explanations for the different treatment of Black slaves in North and South America should be expanded .GRE阅读算分方式