警惕托福阅读细节题两类迷惑选项.doc
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1、警惕托福阅读细节题两类迷惑选项 对于托福阅读这一单项来说,最重要的题型毫无疑问是题量占比重一半的细节题,可以说是“得细节者得托福阅读”。下面就和大家分享警惕托福阅读细节题两类迷惑选项,希望能够帮助到大家,来欣赏一下吧。警惕托福阅读细节题两类迷惑选项我们都知道托福考试是“得听力者得天下”,其实这句话还有个姐妹版,那就是“失阅读者失天下”阅读可以说是托福四单项中最容易拿下高分的部分,因此假如这个单项童鞋们不能把握好稳住高分,想要托福考试拿下高分就很困难了。而对于托福阅读这一单项来说,最重要的题型毫无疑问是题量占比重一半的细节题,因此也可以说是“得细节者得托福阅读”。对于如此重要的细节题,我们除了学
2、会“正向”了解做题方法之外,更应该掌握ETS官方通常是如何设置错误选项的,了解这一点将非常有助于我们缩短解题时间,提高正确率。而在这其中最常见的“设错”套路便是“虚假比较”。首先在提到比较关系时,最常见的莫过于A)同级比较关系:asas , same, similar, resemblance,;B) 表示比较级的关系:more than; -er than; lessthan; decrease, increase 等词。而虚假比较在设置迷惑选项时经常体现在两个方面:1. 偷梁换柱:原文中有比较关系,但是选项中会在保证比较双方不变的情况下,把比较关系改变。例如: Data from dive
3、rse sources, including geochemical evidence preserved in seafloor sediments, indicate that the Late Cretaceous climate was milder than todays. The days were not too hot, nor the nights too cold. The summers were not too warm, nor the winters too frigid. The shallow seas on the continents probably bu
4、ffered the temperature of the nearby air, keeping it relatively constant.According to paragraph 1, which of the following is true of the Late Cretaceous climate?A. Summers were very warm and winters were very cold.B. Shallow seas on the continents caused frequent temperature changes.C. The climate w
5、as very similar to todays climate.D. The climate did not change dramatically from season to season这个仍然是一道非常典型的细节题,问的是白垩纪晚期的气候哪个是正确的?在选项设置中C选项中有similar 这个是表示同级比较关系的词,比较的双方分别是白垩纪晚期的气候和今天的气候,用todays climate定位,我们会在第一句话末尾找到,原文中的比较双方仍然是两种气候,只不过比较关系变成了milder,变成了比较级的形式,那么这个选项就属于我们所说的第二种情况“偷梁换柱”所以该选项是错误的;但是在
6、这里其实有很多的童鞋并不觉得这个选项是错误的,他们的观点是:相似并不意味着完全一样,所以milder并不能驳斥similar。针对这种想法,请大家一定要搞清楚ETS官方的立场是similar就是想强调相似,而比较级就是想强调不同,所以如果选项中出现了跟原文不一样的比较级别的话,那么该选项就一定是错误的。2. 无中生有:即原文中没有比较关系,选项中虚构比较例如:Two species of deer have been prevalent in the Puget Sound area of Washington state in the Pacific Northwest of the Uni
7、ted States. The black-tailed deer, a lowland, west-side cousin of the mule deer of eastern Washington, is now the most common. The other species, the Columbian white-tailed deer, in earlier times was common in the open prairie country, it is now restricted to the low, marshy islands and flood plains
8、 along the lower Columbia River.According to paragraph 1, which of the following is true of the white-tailed deer of Puget Sound?A. It is native to lowlands and marshes.B. It is more closely related to the mule deer of eastern Washington than to other types of deer.C. It has replaced the black-taile
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