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1、中考总复习之英语时态 语态,时态,两现,三一,三过,现在进行时现在完成时,一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时,过去进行时过去完成时过去将来时,看时间，定语态,I learn English every day.I learned English yesterday.I will learn English next year.I am learning English now.I was learning English just now.I have learned English for three years.I had learned English 3 years by the end
2、of last month.I said I would learn English the next day.,初中常见的6种时态：,一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,一般将来时,各种时态的用法,一、一般现在时,1.用法：2.结构：主语+动词原形/动词单三形式3.标志词:,1.The boy usually_(get)to school early.,gets,2.Light _(travel)faster than sound.,travels,A.现在经常性的动作或状态B.客观事实和真理。,always,usually,often,sometimes,never
3、,every day/week/month/year/,她一到达那儿，就会给你写信。,一般现在时的注意点:,在when,as soon as,until,after,before等到引导的时间状语从句和if 引导的条件状语从句中,If it doesnt rain tomorrow,well go camping.,如果明天不下雨，我们将去野营。,She ll write to you as soon as she gets there.,用一般现在时表示将来.,主将从现,当主句是祈使句或含有情态动词时，从句用一般现在时。,Dont get off the bus until it _(sto
4、p).You may go out to play when you_(finish)your homework.,stops,finish,某些以here，there开头的句子用一般现在时表示现在进行时。,Here comes a car.There goes the bell.,二、一般过去时,1.用法：2.结构：2.标志词：,yesterday,the day before yesterday,three days ago,last night/week/month,in the past；just now=a moment ago,过去的动作或状态。,【2010河北省卷】39.I _
5、a mistake.Please dont be angry with me.A.make B.made C.will make D am making,B,主语+V-ed,三、一般将来时,1.用法：2.结构：,将来的动作或状态。,1）will+动词原形 2）am(is,are)going to+动词原形 3）常用be doing表示将来的动词:go,come,leave,stay，start，begin等如：We are leaving for london.4）be about to+do和be to+do表示即将发生的动作 The train is about to start.She
6、is to be married next month.,be going to与will/shall,be to do,be about to do的用法及区别：be going to 表示现在打算在最近或将来要做某事，这种打算往往经过事先考虑，甚至已做了某种准备；shall/will do表示未事先考虑过，即说话时临时作出的决定。,*be going to 表将来，不能用在条件状语从句的主句中；而will则能，表意愿。如：If it is fine,well go fishing.(正确)If it is fine,we are going to go fishing.(错误),*,*,*
7、be to do sth.表按计划、安排即将发生的动作，还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止，可能性等。A meeting is to be held at 3:00 oclock this afternoon.*be about to do sth.表示“即可，就要”，后面不能接时间状语或状语从句。Autumn harvest is about to start.,3.标志词：,tomorrow,the day after tomorrow,in three days,in(the)future,next week/month/term,from now on,下面几种情况只用will/shall:,表
8、示有礼貌地询问对方是否愿意或表示客气的邀请或命令时:Will you please lend me your bike？We will help him if he asks us.表示单纯的将来，与人的主观愿望和判断无关时:The sun will rise at 6:30 tomorrow moring.,三、现在进行时,1.用法：2.结构:3.标志词：,中考模拟：,-Mike,who_football in the yard?-Let me go and see.（2010顺义）,A.has playedB.will play C.was playingD.is playing,A.现刻
9、动作：目前正在发生的动作。B.现阶段动作：目前一个时期一直在进行的动作，此刻不一定在进行。,now,Look!Listen!this week，these days,is/am/are+doing,注意,A.有几个瞬间动词可以用现在进行时表将来，如：begin,start,come,go,leave。,1.-Lucy!Would you like to give me a hand?-OK.I_.A.will comeB.come C.am comingD.would come,2.-When_you_for Toronto?-Tomorrow.,A.do;leaveB.are;leaving
10、C.will;leavingD.shall;leave,The boy _always _ us!,B.现在进行时和always连用，表示说话人较强烈的感情色彩。,You _ always _ the same mistake!,is,helping,(夸赞),are,making,(责备),四、过去进行时,1.用法：2.结构：3.标志词：,过去某时某段时间正在进行的动作。,at that time,this time yesterday,then,when，last night，last year,at 9:00 yesterday；from seven to nine；yesterday,
11、yesterday morning,was/were+doing,含有when和while引导的时间状语：主句中的动作先于从句的动作发生，且进行时间较长时，主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时The boy was walking down the street when the earthquake happened.从句中的动作先于主句中的动作发生时，且进行的时间较长时，从句用过去进行时，主句用一般过去时When he was playing，all of us sat still and listened.若主从句动作同时进行时，从句一般用while引导He was reading a n
12、ewspaper while I was watching TV.,谁先发生谁用进行时,1.用法：,1,2,五、现在完成时,过去的动作对现在的影响。I have finished my homework.,过去的动作持续到现在,还可能继续持续。I have stayed here for an hour！,2.结构,have/has+done,already,just,yet,ever,never,so far(till now/up to now),recently,in the past 3 years,before,since+时间点,for+时间段,3.标志词,She has lear
13、nt English for 3 years.They have lived here since 1990.注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如come,go,die,join,buy等的完成时不能与for,since等表示一段时间的短语连用。,4.瞬间动词和延续性动词 若句中出现时间段，则必须使用延续性动词。瞬间动词和延续性动词转换关系如下：,1.The film began 5 minutes ago.2.They left an hour ago.3.The man died a week ago.4.He joined the club 3 days ago.5.They got marr
14、ied 10 years ago.6.He came here an hour ago.7.Jack got home 2 hours ago.8.Mum opened the door just now.9.I borrowed the book a week ago.10.I bought the car a year ago.,The film_ _ _ for 5 minutes.They_ _ _for an hour.The man_ _ _ for a week.He_ _ _the club for 3 days.They_ _ _for 10 years.He_ _ here
15、 since an hour ago.Jack_ _home for 2 hours.The door_ _open for a while.I_ _the book for a week.I_ _the car since a year ago.,has been on,have been away,has been dead,has been in,have been married,has been,has been,has been,have kept,have had,have been(to)和have gone(to)的区别：have/has been(to)表示“曾经去过”某地
16、,说话时此人很 可能不在那里,已经回来。侧重指经历。have/has gone(to)表示某人“已经去了”某地，说话时此人在那里，或可能在路上，反正不在这里。,短暂性动词与延续性动词,将暂短性动词改为相应的延续性动词或短语和一段时间连用，其常用的方法有：a.用相应的延续性动词替换的主要有：buy have borrow keep catch/get a cold have a cold get to know know join the Party be a Party member,leave be away(from)die be deadbegin be on come here be
17、herefall asleep be asleep join the Army be in the Army,come to work/live work/live begin to study/teach study/teach,B.把误句中表示一段时间的状语改为 表示过去时间的状语，原动词的完成时改为过去时 He came here three months ago.C.用“It is/has been+一段时间+since(一般过去时)”结构。It is/has been three months since he came here.,D.用“多长时间+has passed+since
18、(一般过去时)”Three months has passed since he came here.,(4)暂短性动词的肯定式的完成时不能和how long连用。如：误：How long have you borrow the book?正：How long have you kept the book?正：When did you borrow the book?,动词的时态结构歌谣,一般现在时，动词用原型；,一般时,单数三人称，动词加“s”。,一般过去时，动词加“ed”。,I work.,He works.,I worked.,现在进行时,进行时,过去进行时,am,is,are,-ing
19、。,was,were,-ing。,将来时,一般将来时，,will加原型。,完成时,现在完成时，,have/has加过分。,Exercise,1.The volleyball match will be put off if it.A.will rain B.rains C.rained D.is raining,2.-Do you want to see the film“Harry Potter”?-The film“Harry Potter”?I _ it.Its very wonderful.(2008黄岗中考)A.see B.have seen C.was seeing D.has s
20、een,3.The boy _(not swim)in the river yet.,hasnt swum,5.-Where is Liu Mei?-She_(go)home.,4.-Where is your father?-He _(watch)TV in the room.,7.He asked what time they_(do)at eight last night.,were doing,8.I know that he _(join)the army in1985.,joined,6.We dont know if it _(rain)tomorrow.If it _(rain
21、)tomorrow,well not go for a picnic.,is watching,will rain,rains,has gone,9.Hes not hungry.He_ just_(have)lunch.,11.-_the Blacks _(visit)the Great Wall before?-Yes,they_.-When _they _(visit)it?-Only a month ago.,10.Im sure he _(work)it out in one hour.,has,will work,Have,had,visited,have,did,visit,时态
22、综合试题,1.Sorry,I_to help you at ten.I was busy at the moment.A.wont come B.cant come C.didnt come D.shouldnt come2.He_this pen for five years.He_it in 1997.A.has bought,bought.B.bought,bought C.has kept,has bought D.has had,bought3.She_the flowers in the garden when I_to see her yesterday.A.watered，we
23、nt B.was watering，went C.watered，was going D.was watering，was going4.I don t know if my friend_.If he _,Ill let you know.A.comes,comes B.comes,will come C.will come,comes D.will come,will come,5.It_10 years since I_here.A.is,come B.is,have come C.was,came D.is,came6.His brother_from home for a long
24、time.A.has left B.has been away C.left D.will leave 7.-Lucy,_you_your ticket?-Not yet.(2003河北省)A.did;findB.have;foundC.has;foundD.do;find8.-I dont know if his uncle_-I think he_if it doesnt rain.A.will come;comes B.will come;will comeC.comes;comesD.comes;will come,9.-Hurry up!Its time to leave.-OK,_
25、.(2003江西)A.Im comingB.Ill comeC.Ive comeD.I come10.I must return the camera to Li Lei,I_it for two weeks.A.keepB.borrowedC.have keptD.have lent(2003辽宁)11.-When_ this kind of computer_?-Last year.(2002天津)A.did;useB.was;usedC.is;usedD.are;used12.-Jerry,_you_your lost book?-Not yet.A.did;findB.have;fou
26、ndC.has;foundD.do;find13.Do you know if_back next week?If he_back,please let me know.(2002黑龙江)A.he comes,will comeB.will he come;comesC.he will come;comesD.will he come,will come,be+done,被动语态的基本结构:,有各种时态的变化,考点一:,一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+done,一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+done,一般将来时的被动语态：will+be+donebe going to+be
27、+done,现在完成时的被动语态：have/has+been+done,含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+done,考点二:,被动语态中的特殊情况:,Good medicine _ bitter to the mouth.A.tastes B.is tasted C.taste This pen _ well.A.is sold B.sell C.sells,感官动词,和sell,write,wash，read，open，burn等动词用主动语态表被动.,Many people _ during the earthquake in May,2008.A.were died B.dead
28、C.died,happen,die,fit,take place,come true，belong to等动词不使用被动.,主动:被动:,see/hear sb.do sth be seen/heard to do sthmake sb.do sth.be made to do sth.,使役动词和感官动词再变为被动语态时必须还原to,The man _ clean the toilet because he _ rubbish bout when the police walked past the park.A.was made;was seen to throw B.was made t
29、o;was seen throwing C.made;saw,Children should _.A.take good care of B.be taken good care C.be taken good care of,固定短语的被动不要丢掉后面的介词或副词,Your desk _.A.needs repair B.needs repairing C.needs to repair,need/requir/want可以用-ing形式表示被动need to be done=need doing,sth be worth doing是主动表被动,This book is worth.A.r
30、ead B.to read C.reading,巩固训练：,1.The key _for locking the classroom door.A.uses B.is used C.is using D.use2.A new school _over there in two years.A.may built B.may be built C.is built 3.He was made _yesterday.A.cry B.to cry C.crying D.to be cried4.The PRC_on October 1,1949.A.was found B.is found C.was founded D.is founded 5.A talk on Chinese history_in the school hall next week.A.is given B.has been given C.will be given D.will give,B,B,B,C,C,Many thnks!,
