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1、物流专业英语电子教案Unit 18Inventory management process库存管理程序,1,ppt课件,2,ppt课件,教学任务：掌握本单元的物流专业术语掌握本单元的核心概念熟悉本单元的常用物流英语表达法熟悉本单元的物流流程,3,ppt课件,第一部分 Section 1本单元核心术语Core terms,4,ppt课件,safety stock 安全库存 stock replenishment 库存补货，进货 demand forecasting 需求预测 demand capture 需求采集,5,ppt课件,第二部分 Section 2本单元核心概念Core concept
2、s,6,ppt课件,What are the elements in a inventory management process?库存管理程序有哪些要素？,7,ppt课件,The inventory management process involves the following:Determination of demand demand capture and demand forecasting Stock identification and codingStock replenishmentDefinition of service levels and safety stock
3、Stock classificationLead-time management,8,ppt课件,库存管理包括下列方面：确定需求量 需求量采集和需求量预测库存识别及编码库存补充制定服务水平和安全库存库存分类前置期管理,9,ppt课件,课堂教学之Step 1 单词领读由教师当堂领读生词纠正学生的发音领读完之后给学生留出5分钟的时间来温习单词。,10,ppt课件,课堂教学之Step 2 重点内容掌握核心术语学习时间5分钟,11,ppt课件,课堂教学之Step 3 难点学习理解并背诵核心概念学习时间5分钟,12,ppt课件,课堂教学之Step 4 课文学习理解课文的意思对难句进行语法和结构讲解学习时
4、间30分钟,13,ppt课件,课文学习提示：教师在讲解课文时，除对课文进行翻译之外，还要顺带讲解一下难句的语法结构。,14,ppt课件,Inventory management process库存管理程序,15,ppt课件,The inventory management process involves the following:Determination of demand demand capture and demand forecasting Stock identification and codingStock replenishmentDefinition of servic
5、e levels and safety stockStock classificationLead-time management,库存补充制定服务水平和安全库存库存分类前置期管理,库存管理包括下列方面：确定需求量 需求量采集和需求量预测库存识别及编码,16,ppt课件,Forecasting the demand for stockForecasting demand is an essential prerequisite for an effective stock control system.There are five aspects of demand which must be
6、 taken into account:,Quantity Time FrequencyScopePredictability,数量时间频率范围可预见性,预测库存需求量对于行之有效的库存控制系统而言，预测需求量是一个基本的先决条件，有五方面的需求必须要纳入考虑之内。,17,ppt课件,QuantityThis could be specified as a precise number of units(eg 100 units),or as a range(eg 75 to 125 units).It could also be specified by a degree of probab
7、ility(eg with 95%probability demand will be between 80 and 120).数量数量可以限定为一组精确的单位数字（如100个单位），或一个范围（如75至125个单位），还可以限定为概率度（如“当概率为95%时，需求量将处于80和120之间”）。,18,ppt课件,TimeThe quantity must be related to a timescale.Different forecasting techniques can be used to analyse time series data.The ones used in stoc
8、k forecasting include short-term,seasonal,and long-term techniques.,时间数量必须和时间尺度相关联。不同的预测技巧可以用来对时间序列数据进行分析，在库存预测中所使用的这些技巧包括短期技巧、季节性技巧以及长期技巧。,19,ppt课件,FrequencyThe demand may require to be satisfied once in a given period or on a specified number of occasions(eg a one-off delivery of 100 units per ann
9、um or four deliveries of 25 units each at quarterly intervals).频率在特定时期内，或在某些指定的场合下，需求量可能需要一次性地满足（如每年一次性交100件货或按季度间隔交四批货，每次25件货）。,20,ppt课件,ScopeThe demand will generally vary in quantity(eg first requisition for five and second for 15).,需求范围需求量一般会有数量变化(如第一份调拨单是五件，而第二份是15件)。,21,ppt课件,PredictabilityDem
10、and or usage rates may:mirror previous demand and usage patternshave some relationship with previous patternsbe independent of previous patterns可预见性需求量或使用率可能：反映先前的需求量和使用模式 和先前模式有某种关系独立于先前模式,22,ppt课件,A review of past usage and replenishment reveals patterns and trends.These may be:predictive or rando
11、mstable or seasonalfast or slowrecurring or non-recurring,回顾过去的库存使用及补充情况能够揭示一些模式和趋势，可能具有如下特征：预言性或随机性的 稳定的或季节性的周转快还是慢重复发生或非重复发生的,23,ppt课件,Most computer systems of material management are capable of using these different techniques according to requirements.This allows historical data to be processed
12、deftly.However,there is also a need for the operator to review why material movements fluctuate.多数材料管理的计算机系统能够按要求使用不同的技巧，这使历史数据能够被熟练地处理，然而，对于运营者来说，也需要审视为什么材料的流转会发生波动。,24,ppt课件,以上内容为第一学时内所应完成的内容,25,ppt课件,课堂教学之Step 5 阅读材料提示：这部分内容由教师指导，学生自学。以提高学生的自主学能力。,26,ppt课件,Vendor managed inventory（VMI）供应商管理库存（VMI
13、）,27,ppt课件,Vendor managed inventory(VMI)may involve the supplier managing the stock at the clients premises or the supplier may hold stock on behalf of the client and make deliveries as and when required by the client(consignment stocking).Either way,the client effectively outsources the stockholdin
14、g operation.供应商管理库存（VMI）涉及到由供应商在客户的公司场所管理库存，或由供应商代客户持有库存，并在客户需要时交货（委托库存）。不论采用何种方式，客户均高效地把库存持有运作外包出去。,28,ppt课件,In order to set up the VMI,the client must consider and develop an appropriate outsourcing strategy.Because VMI involves the transfer of the inventory management function to the supplier,the
15、 use of an efficient,effective and trusted supplier is paramount.The outsourced arrangement will normally be based on a partnership with the supplier or even an integration of the supplier into the clients own organization.为了建立VMI系统，客户必须考虑并开发出一个适当的外包战略，因为VMI涉及到把库存管理功能转移到供应商一边，那么使用一个高效率、富有成效以及可以信赖的供应
16、商就成为至上的大事。外包安排通常基于和供应商的合伙人关系，甚至会把供应商整合进客户自身的公司里。,29,ppt课件,The suppliers services are tailored to the clients requirements but generally include the supplier monitoring usage to determine how much inventory is needed to maintain a sufficient supply.供应商的服务是按照客户的要求而量身订制的，但是一般情况下，会包括由供应商对使用情况进行监测，以确定需要多
17、少库存量才能维持足够的供给。,30,ppt课件,Other features may be having a suppliers representative in client facilities to monitor supply usage at end-user locations,placing orders,managing receipts,and restocking storage locations.Other services can include 24-hour order-to-delivery time,quality inspections,establish
18、ment of electronic data interchange links with inventory barcoding,and vendor selection management.另外的特征可以是让供应商的代表人进驻客户的工厂，以便对最终用户处所的供应情况进行监测，同时进行下订单、管理收据并给储存处所重新上货等工作。其它服务可能包括24小时制的“按订单交货”时间、质量检验、与库存条码系统和建立电子数据互换链接以及选择供应商的管理。,31,ppt课件,课堂教学之Step 6 课堂练习提示：这部分内容由教师指导，学生自学。以提高学生的自主学能力。,32,ppt课件,1.Answe
19、r the following questions in English:,33,ppt课件,1.What does the inventory management process involve?The inventory management process involves the following:Determination of demand demand capture and demand forecasting Stock identification and codingStock replenishmentDefinition of service levels and
20、 safety stockStock classificationLead-time management,34,ppt课件,2.What is the essential prerequisite for an effective stock control system?Forecasting demand is an essential prerequisite for an effective stock control system.,35,ppt课件,3.What are the five aspects of demand which must be taken into acc
21、ount?There are five aspects of demand which must be taken into account:Quantity Time FrequencyScopePredictability,36,ppt课件,4.What are the three ways in which you can specify the quantity?Quantity could be specified as-a precise number of units(eg 100 units),a range(eg 75 to 125 units)or,a degree of
22、probability(eg with 95%probability demand will be between 80 and 120).,37,ppt课件,5.What are the techniques used in stock forecasting of time?Different forecasting techniques can be used to analyse time series data.The ones used in stock forecasting include short-term,seasonal,and long-term techniques
23、.,38,ppt课件,6.What methods can you use to predict the demand?,In predicting demand,we can use three basic methods-study previous demand and usage patternsconsider the relationship with previous patternsbe independent of previous patterns,39,ppt课件,2.Put the following words or phrases into Chinese:,40,
24、ppt课件,degree of probabilitypredictabilityscopefrequencyan essential prerequisitelead-time managementstock classificationsafety stockstock replenishmentstock identification and codingdemand forecastingdemand capture,概率度可预见性范围频率必须的先决条件前置期管理库存分类安全库存库存补充库存识别和编码需求量预测需求量采集,41,ppt课件,3.Put the following wor
25、ds or phrases into English:,42,ppt课件,每年一次性交货100件按季度间隔交货四次，每次25件反映以前的需求量申请单，调拨单在一些指定的场合下短期的、季节性的或长期的概率度可预见性,a one-off delivery of 100 units per annumfour deliveries at 25 units each at quarterly intervalsto mirror previous demandrequisitionon a specified number of occasionsshort-term,seasonal or long-termdegree of probabilitypredictability,43,ppt课件,4.Subject for self-study:an inventory control chart,44,ppt课件,An inventory control chart 库存控制图,付款处理 装运跟踪 检验支持 自我管理,直接邮递,申批工作流程,照片上传,自动排版,45,ppt课件,46,ppt课件,The End,47,ppt课件,
