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1、The use of“it”(1),Unit 3 Grammar,人教课标选修高二上,The use of“it”,一、用作人称代词,代表前面提到的人或事物,Whos it?_ me.Look at the picture._ is a picture of our school.,Its,It,二、用于代替指示代词this 和that。,-Is this jacket yours?-Yes,_ is.,it,三、用以表示时间、距离、天气、气候、季节、环境等,It is half past eight now.Its only half an hours walk from here to o
2、ur school.3)I hope that it will be fine tomorrow.4)It has rained much this year.5)Its spring now.6)Its quiet here.,Time,Distance,Weather,Climate,Season,Circumstance,替代作主语的动词不定式、动名词、从句、,而把真正作主语的动词不定式、动名词、从句置于句尾。,四、it 用作形式主语,1.代作主语的动词不定式,1)It be adj.(for sb.)to do sth.此处adj.通常为描述事件的形容词:easy,difficult,
3、hard,necessary,unnecessary,possible,impossible,likely,unlikely,right,wrong,important,unimportant,legal,illegal,well-mannered,ill-mannered,polite,impolite,clear,obvious,certain,suitable,proper,fit,useful，useless,dangerouseg:It is illegal(for a teenager)to drive a car without a license.,2)It be adj.of
4、 sb.to do sth.此处adj.通常为描述人的形容词:kind,unkind,nice,rude,cruel,considerate,thoughtful,thoughtless,careful,careless,silly,foolish,stupid,clever,wise,crazy.eg:Its kind of you to help me with the problem.,Its no good/use doingIts(well)worth doingIts(well)worth ones while doing/to doIts(well)worthwhile doin
5、g/to doeg:覆水难收Its no use crying over spilt milk.,3)It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型,Talk about the following pictures,using,It is no use/good doing sth 做没有用/不好It is fun doing sth 做很有趣,还想跑？甭想！,想追我?没门！,2.it作形式主语替代主语从句,It is clear(obvious,true,possible,certain)that.该句型中it 是形式主语,真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句,常译为“清楚(显然,真的)”,是主语从句最
6、常见的一种结构。e.g.It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree.,It is adj.+clause,It is said(reported/learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.)that.该句型中的it 仍是形式主语,真正主语是that 引导的主语从句;该结构常译为“据说(据报道,据悉)”。It is said that he has come to Beijing.It is reported that another earth satellite has been put
7、into orbit.,It is v-ed that=sb./sth.is said to do,to be doing to have done,It is+noun+从句,It is a pity(a shame/an honor/a good thing/a fact/a surprise/.)that.该句型中,that后的从句一般用虚拟语气(should+动词原形),should可省去。表示出乎意料,常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时,则不用虚拟语气。如：,It is a pity that such a thing(should)happen in your class.这种事竟然发
8、生在你们班上,真是遗憾！It is a pity that he is ill.他生病了,真遗憾！,五、it作形式宾语,当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词、宾语从句时,往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面，而用it 作形式宾语,放在宾语补足语之前。该句型中的it 作形式宾语,常用的动词有think,believe,make,find,consider,feel等。,I think it no use arguing with him.我认为和他争吵没有用。I found it very interesting to study English.我发现学英语非常有趣。He made it clear t
9、hat he was not interested in this subject.他非常清楚地表示他对那门学科不感兴趣。,动词+it+to sb.+that owe it to sb that把归功于 leave it to sb that 把 留给某人去做 take it for granted that 把想当然 keep it in mind that 把记在心里Dont bother to tidy your room.Just leave it to me to do.He took it for granted that his girlfriend would come bac
10、k again.,动词+it+that/when/if（enjoy,like,love,dislike,appreciate,hate,dont mind,be fond of,feel like,see to/depend on/insist onI hate it when people speak with a mouthful of food.I appreciate it if you could give me a hand.Please see to it that all the doors are shut.make it a rule thatHe makes it a r
11、ule that he gets up before dawn.,六、用于强调句型中,It+be+被强调部分+that/who(a person)从句,I met Tom in the park yesterday.,1)It was I who met Tom in the park yesterday.,2)It was Tom who I met in the park yesterday.,3)It was in the park that I met Tom yesterday.,4)It was yesterday that I met Tom in the park.,It wa
12、s five oclock _ I got home.It was at five oclock _ I got home.,when,that,It is not until+被强调部分+that.该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语,译成汉语“直到才”,可以说是not.until.的强调形式。如:原句：I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.强调句：It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realize
13、d she was a famous film star.倒装句：Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.,It was not _ she took off her dark glasses _ I realized she was a famous film star.(92)A.when,that B.until,when C.until,that D.when,then2)It was not until _ that _ to prepare his lesson
14、s.(91)A.did his father come in,the boy beganB.did his father come in,did the boy beginC.his father came in,did the boy beginD.his father came in,the boy began,C,D,七、it 常用的固定搭配,make it在口语当中相当于succeed,表示:成功、做到、说定、赶上、及时到达 如:Its hard to make it to the top in show business.在演艺界要想登峰造极是很困难的。2)在口语中相当于fix th
15、e date for,表示“约定好时间”如:Shall we meet next week?OK.We just make it next Saturday.,catch it(口语)被责骂;受处罚e.g.If I come home late Ill catch it from my mother.如果我回家晚了,我妈妈会骂我。Youll catch it because of your carelessness.你会因为你的不小心受处罚的。,2.take it/things easy 相当于Dont worry or dont hurry.用来劝告别人,表示“不要慌,别担心,沉住气”Tak
16、e it easy！He will do it well.3.It all depends/that all depends 在口语中,相当于it hasnt been decided yet,表示“那得看情况,还没有定下来”Are you going to the countryside for holiday?It/That all depends.,4.Its up to sb.在口语中,相当于its decided by sb.表示“由决定,由负责,取决于”Shall we go out for dinner？Its up to you.,八.it的一些习惯用法How is it wi
17、th your study?学习好吗？Thats it.这就对了。It went hard with him.他身遇不幸。It is all over with me.我完蛋了。We must fight it out.我们必须坚持到底。I cant help it.我没有办法。,It is never too old to learn.活到老,学到老。It is easier to fall than to rise.摔倒容易爬起来难。It never rains but it pours(泼水).不鸣则已,一鸣惊人。It is easy to open a shop but hard to
18、 keep it always open.创业容易守业难。It takes three generations(代)to make a gentleman.十年树木,百年树人。,Proverbs(谚语)with“It”,Individual activity,高考链接1.He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held.(天津2007)A.this B.that C.it D.these 2._ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a
19、stronger,more prosperous economy.(浙江2006)A.As B.ThatC.This D.It,C,D,3.The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday,but _ didnt help.(2005全国)A.it B.she C.which D.he4.Id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.(山东2006)A.thatB.it C.this D.you,A,B,5.It was _
20、 he came back from Africa that year_ he met the girl he would like to marry.(江西2009)A.when;then B.not;untilC.not until;that D.olny,when6.It was along the Missippi River _Mark Twain spent much of hid childhood.(天津2008)A.how B.which C.that D.where,C,C,改错You wont find difficult to get to the city cente
21、r.(2004全国)2.I know there is not easy to be a teacher.(2004湖北)3.This is not surprising that the Silver Ghost was regarded as“the best car in the world”.,find后加it,there it,This It,Tell the function of“it”:Its difficult to remember all their names.2.Its very quiet in the caf.3.It rained for three days.
22、4.He made it clear that he didnt want to speak to me.5.It was nice to meet you.,形式主语,代替,Circumstance,Weather,形式宾语,代替,形式主语,代替,6.It was on Tuesday that Smith came.7.Its three miles from here to the nearest garage.8.A tall man stood up and shook hands.It was captain Lawrie.9.I hear you bought a new bik
23、e.Can you show it to me?,用于强调句型中,Distance,人称代词,代表前面提到的人,人称代词,代表前面提到的物,10.It was five oclock when we got back home yesterday.11.It was dirty and wet below the ship where the slaves were kept.12.It was on this coast that lots of his people disappeared.13.It was most likely that one third of them had l
24、ost their lives.,Time,Circumstance,用于强调句型,作引导词,在句中作形式主语,代替后面的从句,Im still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometers in an afternoon.That is amazing.It is amazing that I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometers in an afternoon.2.My father has quit smoking.That is wonderful.It is wonderful that my father has
25、 quit smoking.,Rewrite the following sentences,using“Its that”.,3.You could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.(It is likely).It is likely that you could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.4.China produces one third of the worlds cigarettes.It is reported.It is reported that China pr
26、oduces one third of the worlds cigarettes.,5.Bird flu(禽流感)hit China again.That is known to us.It is known to us that bird flu(禽流感)hit China again.6.Li Yuchun got more than one million yuan for the advertisement.People say that.It is said that Li Yuchun got more than one million Yuan for the advertis
27、ement.,7.Some young people think that they look attractive when they smoke.It seems that It seems that some young people think they look attractive when they smoke.,Translation,1.是到戒烟的时候了。(quit)It is time to quit smoking.,2.让人惊讶的是在我这个年纪我依然 这么健康。(It is amazing that.)It is amazing that at my age I am
28、still so fit.,It is a little difficult for adolescents to become accustomed to a new enviroment.,3.一旦你吸烟上了瘾,你会发现要把它戒掉 很难。(addict.to;tough)Once you are addicted to smoking,you will find it tough to give it up.,4.青少年要适应新的环境有点难。(adolescent;accustom.to),Homework,1.Finish exercise 2 on page 21:Rewrite the sentences.2.Revise and master the use of it.3.Preview the Reading:HIV/AIDS:Are you at risk?,Thank you!,
