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1、试卷代号：1290中央广播电视大学2013-2014学年度第一学期“开放本科”期末考试（开卷）现代汉语专题 试题一、判断正误（每小题2分共20分）说明：正确的打钩，错误的打叉。1北方话语汇系统中所有的词，普通话都要吸收。( )2社会方言的主要特点是语汇比较特殊，但没有独特的语音语法系统。( )3韵母10U、uei、uen的拼写形式在实际运用中永远也不会出现。( )4短语是构成句子的基础，具有表述性特点。( )5普通话音节的突出特点是元音占优势。( )6“白菜”和“白纸”内部结构相同，都是词。( )7字符也是部件，他们的区别是观察划分汉字的角度不同。( )8“林、明、体、采”都是会意字。( )9
2、在网上发布信息的语言就是网络语言。( ) 10.网络语言最突出的特点是它的变异性。( )二、举例解释下列术语（每词2分，共10分）11单韵母12同义词13实词14主谓句15形声字三、综合分析应用题（共40分）16根据拼写规则给下面的汉字注音，然后从韵头角度给韵母分类。(10分)解题提示：每个音节注出声韵母即可，不要求标注声调。太阳跃出来17从构词法角度分析下列合成词的类型。（10分）围裙围脖围困围子突围 18.分析下列句子的焦点并分析突出焦点的手段（10分） 我把这些书摆得整整齐齐。 他绘画喜欢，书法也喜欢。 是你自己给大家报告这个消息的。 小王是今天早晨到北京的。 起来，饥寒交迫的奴隶1 1
3、9从不同角度纠正下面句子中存在的问题(10分) 解题提示：下面的句子，可能在语汇、语法、汉字书写方面有错误，注意纠正。直接写出正确的句子即可，不需要说明纠正的原因。 我们家就要乔迁新居，到时候欢迎你去做客。 他自已有病，令夫人又忙，我们就不去打搅了。 这是新老顾客备受信赖的名牌产品。 通过学习有关文件，我们坚定了改进错误的决心。 他的文章言语犀利，用词准确，针贬时弊可谓一语中地。四、问答题（每小题5分，共30分）20影视表演能不能使用方言？请谈谈你的看法。21为什么说普通话语音具有音乐美？请简要说明原因。22.举例说明什么是敬辞和谦辞，并简述在交际中的作用。23.“我有些时间读书”和“我有个姐
4、姐读书”是不是都属于连动式？为什么？24.字符可分哪些类别？“木”是字符中的哪一类？为什么？25简要说明网络词语有哪些特点？试卷代号：1 290中央广播电视大学2011-2012学年度第一学期“开放本科”期末考试（开卷）现代汉语专题试题答案及评分标准 （供参考） 2012年1月一、判断正误（每小题2分，共20分） 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10二、解释下列术语（每词2分，共10分） 11单韵母就是由一个元音独立构成的韵母，例如普通话韵母Q、o、e就是单韵母。 12同义词就是意义相同相近的一组词，例如“教诲一教导”就是一组同义词。 13实词是能够独立充当句法成分的词，例如名词“太阳”、
5、动词“考虑”都是实词。 14.主谓句就是由主谓短语构成的句子。例如“太阳出来了”、“风来了”就是主谓句。 15形声字就是由意符和声符构成的汉字，例如“妈”，“女”是意符，“马”是声符。三、综合分析应用题（共40分） 16根据拼写规则给下面的汉字注音，然后从韵头角度给韵母分类。(10分) tai-开口呼 yang-齐齿呼 yue-撮口呼 chu-合口呼 lai-开口呼 17从构词法角度分析下列合成词的类型。（10分） 限定式 支配式 并列式 后附式 支配式 18分析下列句子的焦点并分析突出焦点的手段（10分） 焦点是“整整齐齐”。常规安排，焦点在句末。 焦点是“绘画、书法”。通过对比突出焦点。
6、焦点是“你自己”。通过副词“是”突出焦点。 焦点是“今天早晨”。通过副词“是”突出焦点。 焦点是“起来”。通过句子倒装、变换语序突出焦点。 19.从不同角度纠正下面句子中存在的问题（10分） 一我们家就要搬迁新居，到时候欢迎你去做客。 他自己有病，夫人又忙，我们就不去打搅了。 这是备受新老顾客信赖的名牌产品。 通过学习有关文件，我们坚定了改正错误的决心。 他的文章言语犀利，用词准确，针砭时弊可谓一语中的。四、问答题（每小题5分，共30分） 20.否定回答：影视剧和小品表演使用方言不好，不符合国家有关语言法规的规定，通用语言文字法规定广播、电影、电视要使用国家通用语言文字。同时，方言的影响有限，
7、使用范围有限，再优秀的艺术作品，也只能在一个方言区传播。如果别的地区播放或表演，还需要重新配音，造成人力物力财力的浪费，没有必要。 肯定回答：影视剧和小品表演使用方言好，因为方言本身是一定地域文化的产物，非常有特点，可以更好地刻划人物形象，突出地域特色，增强艺术感染力，同时具有亲和力，容易让观众进入情景，领会其中的意境。 评分说明：学生可以任意选择一个角度阐释自己的观点，只要言之成理，都可以给分。 21第一，普通话音节中元音占优势：第二，普通话清辅音多，浊辅音少：第三，普通话每个音节都有声调，突出了元音优势。 22敬辞就是对交际对象表示尊敬的词语，例如“恭候、光临”是敬辞；谦辞就是交际中用来表
8、示谦虚的词语，例如“敝人、管见”是谦辞。敬辞和谦辞已经成为人际交往中不可缺少的用语，恰当运用，可以使话语更显得体，有助于弥合人际关系。 23这两个句子不都是连动式，连动式前后几个连续的动词性成分，隐含的是同一个主语。“我有些时间读书”这个句子是连动式，动词“有”和“读”的主语都是“我”：“我有个姐姐读书”是兼语式，因为前后两个动词的主语不是同一个对象，动词“有”的主语是“我”，动词“读”的主语是“姐姐”。 24字符根据功能可以分为意符、声符和记号三类。“木”单独看不能确定属于字符的哪一类，因为字符的性质取决于它在构字时所起的作用，例如“木”在“桉、柳、杨”中是意符，在“沐”中是声符，而单独看“
9、木”，就无法确定它的功能，也就无法给它分类。 25网络词语有三个特点；一是兼容性，对方言和其他民族语言的词语兼收并蓄；二是依赖性，即网络词语的使用要依赖网络这个特殊的环境；第三是变异性，即采用有别于常规表达手段构成，具体表现为三多，即缩略词语多、类推词语多、字母词语多。请您删除一下内容，O(_)O谢谢！【Chinas 10 must-see animations】The Chinese animation industry has seen considerable growth in the last several years. It went through a golden age i
10、n the late 1970s and 1980s when successively brilliant animation work was produced. Here are 10 must-see classics from Chinas animation outpouring that are not to be missed. Lets recall these colorful images that brought the country great joy. Calabash Brothers Calabash Brothers (Chinese: 葫芦娃) is a
11、Chinese animation TV series produced byShanghaiAnimationFilmStudio. In the 1980s the series was one of the most popular animations in China. It was released at a point when the Chinese animation industry was in a relatively downed state compared to the rest of the international community. Still, the
12、 series was translated into 7 different languages. The episodes were produced with a vast amount of paper-cut animations. Black Cat Detective Black Cat Detective (Chinese: 黑猫警长) is a Chinese animation television series produced by the Shanghai Animation Film Studio. It is sometimes known as Mr. Blac
13、k. The series was originally aired from 1984 to 1987. In June 2006, a rebroadcasting of the original series was announced. Critics bemoan the series violence, and lack of suitability for childrens education. Proponents of the show claim that it is merely for entertainment. Effendi Effendi, meaning s
14、ir andteacher in Turkish, is the respectful name for people who own wisdom and knowledge. The heros real name was Nasreddin. He was wise and witty and, more importantly, he had the courage to resist the exploitation of noblemen. He was also full of compassion and tried his best to help poor people.
15、Adventure of Shuke and Beita【舒克与贝塔】 Adventure of Shuke and Beita (Chinese: 舒克和贝塔) is a classic animation by Zheng Yuanjie, who is known as King of Fairy Tales in China. Shuke and Beita are two mice who dont want to steal food like other mice. Shuke became a pilot and Beita became a tank driver, and
16、the pair met accidentally and became good friends. Then they befriended a boy named Pipilu. With the help of PiPilu, they co-founded an airline named Shuke Beita Airlines to help other animals. Although there are only 13 episodes in this series, the content is very compact and attractive. The animat
17、ion shows the preciousness of friendship and how people should be brave when facing difficulties. Even adults recalling this animation today can still feel touched by some scenes. Secrets of the Heavenly Book Secrets of the Heavenly Book, (Chinese: 天书奇谈)also referred to as Legend of the Sealed Book
18、or Tales about the Heavenly Book, was released in 1983. The film was produced with rigorous dubbing and fluid combination of music and vivid animations. The story is based on the classic literature Ping Yao Zhuan, meaning The Suppression of the Demons by Feng Menglong. Yuangong, the deacon, opened t
19、he shrine and exposed the holy book to the human world. He carved the books contents on the stone wall of a white cloud cave in the mountains. He was then punished with guarding the book for life by the jade emperor for breaking heavens law. In order to pass this holy book to human beings, he would
20、have to get by the antagonist fox. The whole animation is characterized by charming Chinesepainting, including pavilions, ancient architecture, rippling streams and crowded markets, which fully demonstrate the unique beauty of Chinas natural scenery. Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf【喜洋洋与灰太狼】 Pleasant
21、Goat and Big Big Wolf (Chinese:喜羊羊与灰太狼) is a Chinese animated television series. The show is about a group of goats living on the Green Pasture, and the story revolves around a clumsy wolf who wants to eat them. It is a popular domestic animation series and has been adapted intomovies. Nezha Conquer
22、s the Dragon King（Chinese: 哪吒闹海）is an outstanding animation issued by the Ministry of Culture in 1979 and is based on an episode from the Chinese mythological novel Fengshen Yanyi. A mother gave birth to a ball of flesh shaped like a lotus bud. The father, Li Jing, chopped open the ball, and beautif
23、ul boy, Nezha, sprung out. One day, when Nezha was seven years old, he went to the nearby seashore for a swim and killed the third son of the Dragon King who was persecuting local residents. The story primarily revolves around the Dragon Kings feud with Nezha over his sons death. Through bravery and
24、 wit, Nezha finally broke into the underwater palace and successfully defeated him. The film shows various kinds of attractive sceneries and the traditional culture of China, such as spectacular mountains, elegant sea waves and exquisite ancient Chinese clothes. It has received a variety of awards.
25、Havoc in Heaven The story of Havoc in Heaven（Chinese: 大闹天宫）is based on the earliest chapters of the classic storyJourney to the West. The main character is Sun Wukong, aka the Monkey King, who rebels against the Jade Emperor of heaven. The stylized animation and drums and percussion accompaniment us
26、ed in this film are heavily influenced byBeijingOpera traditions. The name of the movie became a colloquialism in the Chinese language to describe someone making a mess. Regardless that it was an animated film, it still became one of the most influential films in all of Asia. Countless cartoon adapt
27、ations that followed have reused the same classic story Journey to the West, yet many consider this 1964 iteration to be the most original, fitting and memorable, The Golden Monkey Defeats a Demon【金猴降妖】 The Golden Monkey Defeats a Demon (Chinese: 金猴降妖), also referred as The Monkey King Conquers the
28、Demon, is adapted from chapters of the Chinese classics Journey to the West, or Monkey in the Western world. The five-episode animation series tells the story of Monkey King Sun Wukong, who followed Monk Xuan Zangs trip to the West to take the Buddhistic sutra. They met a white bone evil, and the ev
29、il transformed human appearances three times to seduce the monk. Twice Monkey King recognized it and brought it down. The monk was unable to recognize the monster and expelled Sun Wukong. Xuan Zang was then captured by the monster. Fortunately Bajie, another apprentice of Xuan Zang, escaped and pers
30、uaded the Monkey King to come rescue the monk. Finally, Sun kills the evil and saves Xuan Zang. The outstanding animation has received a variety of awards, including the 6th Hundred Flowers Festival Award and the Chicago International Childrens Film Festival Award in 1989. McDull【麦兜】 McDull is a car
31、toon pig character that was created inHong Kongby Alice Mak and Brian Tse. Although McDull made his first appearances as a supporting character in the McMug comics, McDull has since become a central character in his own right, attracting a huge following in Hong Kong. The first McDull movie McMug Story My Life as McDull documented his life and the relationship between him and his mother.The McMug Story My Life as McDull is also being translated into French and shown in France. In this version, Mak Bing is the mother of McDull, not his father.
