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1、专业好文档试卷代号：1192中央广播电视大学20112012学年度第二学期“开放本科”期末考试高层建筑施工试题 2012年7月一、单项选择题(每题2分，共24分)1某基坑要求降低地下水位深度不小于4m，土层渗透系数80m。d，宜选用( )。 A轻型井点 B电渗井点 C喷射井点 D管井井点2由于钻孔灌注桩挡墙的挡水效果差，故有时将它与( )组合使用，前者抗弯，后者挡水。 A钢板桩挡墙 B深层搅拌水泥土桩 C地下连续墙 D环梁支护3重要基础支护施工中，对基坑底面的监测项目有( )。 (1)裂缝；(2)沉降；(3)位移；(4)隆起 A(1)，(2) B(2)，(3) C(2)，(4) D(3)，(4
2、)4单根锚杆的最大长度不得超过( )。 A20m B30m C40m D50m5地下连续墙的特点中不包括( )。 A施工振动大 B施工噪声大 C可用于逆作法施工 D抗渗性好6锤击沉桩施工中，桩锤轻、落距大，容易引起的质量事故是( )。 A桩打不下去 B桩位偏移 C桩身打坏 D邻桩浮起7。湿作业成孔灌注桩施工中，如果混凝坍落度太小，可能引起的质量事故是( )。 A桩孔偏斜 B孔壁坍落 C缩孔 D。断桩8地下连续墙施工中，与槽壁稳定有关的因素( )。 (1)地质条件；(2)开挖机械；(3)泥浆质量；(4)施工技术 A(1)(2)(3) B。(2)(3)(4) C。(1)(2)(4)D。(1)(3)
3、(4)9按裂缝的深度划分，裂缝可分为( )。 A贯穿裂缝、深层裂缝和表面裂缝 B微观裂缝和宏观裂缝 C。粘着裂缝、水泥面裂缝和骨料裂缝 D。以上都不是10。如果( )，容易产生离析，影响混凝土的可泵性。 A粗骨料粒径过大 B。水灰比过大 C水灰比过小 D坍落度过小II下列关于钢管扣件脚手架优点说法不正确的是( )。 A通用性强 B装拆灵活 C。搬运方便 D承载能力强12碳素结构钢的Q235C表示( )。 A屈服强度为235Nmm2，C级沸腾钢 B。屈服强度为235Nmm2，C级半镇静钢 C屈服强度为235Nmm2，C级镇静钢 D屈服强度为235Nmm2，C级特殊镇静钢二、判断正误题(每题2分，
4、共26分)13目前，地下连续墙越来越多替代桩基础、沉井等深基础，承担更大的荷载。( )14如果土层地质条件不稳定，应加大单元槽段长度，以提高施工速度。( )15如果地面荷载较大，应缩短单元槽长度，以缩短槽壁开挖和曝露的时间。( )16土层锚杆钻时，常使用膨润土循环泥浆进行护壁。( )17钢板桩的沉桩原则是“轻锤高击”。( )18摩擦桩的荷载主要由桩壁摩阻力和桩端阻力共同承担，施工时主要控制贯人度。( )19预制桩与灌注桩相比的优点之一是无需截桩和接桩。( )20一般来说。加荷期间大气湿度越高，气温越低，徐变越大。( )21塔式起重机按照变幅方式分为动臂变幅和水平臂架小车变幅。( )22碗扣式脚
5、手架主要优点之一是“零配件损耗高”。( )23气压焊施工可以全天候施工。( )24普通螺栓是靠连接板间的摩擦阻力来传递剪力。( )25高层钢结构中，梁与梁的连接只能采用高强螺栓连接。( )三、问答题(每题5分。共50分)26常用集水坑排水有哪几种方法?27钢板桩施工中“倾斜”现象产生的原因处理方法?28简述混凝土泵的启动程序。29地下连续墙是如何进行分类的?30简述在地下连续墙施工中，导墙所起的作用。31为什么常采用预应力土层锚杆?32预制桩施工中常遇到的质量问题有哪些?产生的原因是什么?33简述控制大体积混凝土结构裂缝的综合措施有哪些?34现浇高层钢筋混凝土结构施工中，形成构件裂缝的种类有哪
6、几种?35简述钢结构构件的连接方式。 试卷代号：1192 中央广播电视大学20112012学年度第二学期“开放本科期末考试 高层建筑施工试题答案及评分标准 (供参考) 2012年7月一、单项选择题(每题2分，共24分) 1D 2B 3C 4B 5A 6C 7。D 8C 9A 10B 11D 12C二、判断正误题(每题2分共26分) 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25三、问答题(每题5分共50分) 26答题要点：(1)明沟与集水井排水； (2)分层明沟排水； (3)深层明沟排水； (4)暗沟排水； (5)利用工程设施排水。 27答题要点：倾斜即板桩头部向
7、桩行进方向倾斜，产生的主要原因是由于打桩行进方向板桩惯人阻力小。可采用用钢丝绳拉住桩身，边拉边打，逐步纠正的处理方法，同时在施工过程中要用仪器随时检查、控制和纠正。 28答题要点：启动料斗搅拌叶片一将润滑浆注入料斗一打开截止阀一开动混凝土泵一将润滑浆泵入输送管一将混凝土装入料斗进行试运转。 29答题要点：(1)按照成墙方式分为桩柱式槽板式和组合式。 (2)按照用途分为防渗式、临时挡土墙、永久挡土墙和作为基础用的地下连续墙。(3)按照墙体材料分为钢筋混凝土墙、塑性混凝土墙、固化灰浆墙等。 (4)按照开挖情况分为地下连续墙和地下防渗墙。 30答题要点：(1)导墙就起挡土墙作用。 (2)作为测量的基
8、准。它规定了沟槽的位置，表明单元槽段的划分，同时亦作为测量挖槽标高、垂直度和精度的基准。 。 (3)作为重物的支承。它既是挖槽机械轨道的支承，又是钢筋笼、接头管等搁置的支点，有时还承受其他施工设备的荷载。 (4)存蓄泥浆。导墙可存蓄泥浆，稳定槽内泥浆液面。泥浆液面应始终保持在导墙面以下20cm，并高于地下水位1Om，以稳定槽壁。 此外，导墙还可防止泥浆漏失；防止雨水等地面水流人槽内；地下连续墙距离现有建筑物很近时，施工时还起一定的补强作用；在路面下施工时，可起到支承横撑的水平导梁的作用。 31答题要点：对土层锚杆施加预应力一般有三个目的： (1)通过张拉使自由段的钢拉杆产生弹性伸长，对锚固体产
9、生预应力，以限制锚固土层的变形； (2)通过施加预应力对土层锚杆进行试验，可以揭示设计和施工中的差错；证实土层锚杆的适用性，预测其工作状况， (3)检验土层锚杆与板桩等支护结构协同工作的情况。 32答题要点：(1)桩顶、桩身被打坏与桩头钢筋设置不合理、桩顶与桩轴线不垂直、混凝土强度不足、桩尖通过过硬土层、锤的落距过大、桩锤过轻等有关。 (2)桩位偏斜当桩顶不平、桩尖偏心、接桩不正、土中有障碍物时都容易发生桩位偏斜。 (3)桩打不下施工时，桩锤严重回弹，贯入度突然变小，则可能与土层中夹有较厚砂层或其他硬土层以及钢渣，孤石等障碍物有关。当桩顶或桩身已被打坏，锤的冲击能不能有效传给桩时，也会发生桩打
10、不下的现象。有时因特殊原因，停歇一段时间后再打，则由于土的固结作用，桩也往往不能顺利地被打人土中。 (4)一桩打下邻桩上升桩贯人土中，使土体受到急剧挤压和扰动，其靠近地面的部分将在地表隆起和水平移动，当桩较密，打桩顺序又欠合理时，土体被压缩到极限，就会发生一桩打下，周围土体带动邻桩上升的现象。 33答题要点：(1)降低浇注温度及硬化过程中的混凝土温度。 (2)提高混凝土极限抗拉强度。(3)改善约束条件，削减温度应力。 (4)加强施工中的温度控制。 (5)混凝土混合物中掺人膨胀剂。 34答题要点：(1)塑性裂缝和干缩裂缝；(2)施工时由于结构超载出现的裂缝；(3)施工缝处理不当形成的裂缝；(4)
11、由于钢筋原因形成的裂缝；(5)由于施工操作不当造成的裂缝；(6)由于混凝土材料方面形成的裂缝。 35答题要点：钢结构构件间的连接方式主要有高强螺栓连接、焊接等。 (1)柱与柱的连接；柱与柱的连接因柱的截面不同而采用的连接方式不同，如柱为H型钢柱可用高强螺栓连接或高强螺栓与焊接共同使用的混合连接，如为柱与梁的连接由梁截面多为H型钢梁，其与柱的连接可用高强螺栓连接、焊接和混合连接。相形截面柱多采用焊接。 (2)柱与梁的连接；由梁截面多为H型钢梁，其与柱的连接可用高强螺栓连接、焊接和混合连接。(3)梁与梁的连接；梁与梁的连接可采用高强螺栓连接和焊接。Winger Tuivasa-Sheck, who
12、 scored two tries in the Kiwis 20-18 semi-final win over England, has been passed fit after a lower-leg injury, while Slater has been named at full-back but is still recovering from a knee injury aggravated against USA.Both sides boast 100% records heading into the encounter but Australia have not c
13、onceded a try since Josh Charnleys effort in their first pool match against England on the opening day.Aussie winger Jarryd Hayne is the competitions top try scorer with nine, closely followed by Tuivasa-Sheck with eight.But it is recently named Rugby League International Federation player of the ye
14、ar Sonny Bill Williams who has attracted the most interest in the tournament so far.The Kiwi - with a tournament high 17 offloads - has the chance of becoming the first player to win the World Cup in both rugby league and rugby union after triumphing with the All Blacks in 2011.Id give every award b
15、ack in a heartbeat just to get across the line this weekend, said Williams.The (lack of) air up there Watch mCayman Islands-based Webb, the head of Fifas anti-racism taskforce, is in London for the Football Associations 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend Citys Premier League match at Che
16、lsea on Sunday.I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I have asked to meet Yaya Toure, he told BBC Sport.For me its about how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was.Uefa hasopened disciplinary proceedings against CSKAfor the racist behaviour of their f
17、ans duringCitys 2-1 win.Michel Platini, president of European footballs governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referees actions.CSKA said they were surprised and disappointed by Toures complaint. In a statement the Russian side added: We found no racist insults from fan
18、s of CSKA. Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted.The supersonic descent could happen as early as Sunda.The weather plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited clo
19、ud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airlin
20、ers (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence.The balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet ( Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic
21、 diving platform.They blew it in 2008 when they got caught cold in the final and they will not make the same mistake against the Kiwis in Manchester.Five years ago they cruised through to the final and so far history has repeated itself here - the last try they conceded was scored by Englands Josh C
22、harnley in the opening game of the tournament.That could be classed as a weakness, a team under-cooked - but I have been impressed by the Kangaroos focus in their games since then.They have been concentrating on the sort of stuff that wins you tough, even contests - strong defence, especially on the
23、ir own goal-line, completing sets and a good kick-chase. Theyve been great at all the unglamorous stuff that often goes unnoticed in the stands but not by your team-mates.It is as though their entire tournament has been preparation for the final.In Johnathan Thurston, Cooper Cronk, Cameron Smith and
24、 either Billy Slater or Greg Inglis at full-back they have a spine that is unmatched in rugby league. They have played in so many high-pressure games - a priceless asset going into Saturday.The Kiwis are a lot less experienced but winning a dramatic match like their semi-final against England will do wonders for their confidence.They defeated Australia in the Four Nations final in 2010 and the last World Cup, and know they can rise to the big occasion.
