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1、试卷代号：1129中央广播电视大学20072008学年度第二学期“开放本科”期末考试(半开卷)土木工程力学(本) 试题 2008年7月 一、判断题(将判断结果填入括弧，以表示正确，以X表示错误。每小题3分，共30分)1图示为刚架的虚设力系，按此力系及位移计算公式可求出杆AC的转角。( )2图示结构的超静定次数是n3。 5用力矩分配法计算结构时，汇交于每一结点各杆端力矩分配系数总和为1，则表明力矩分配系数的计算绝对无错误。 ( )6支座移动对超静定结构的极限荷载没有影响。 ( )7在动力计算中，以下两图所示结构的动力自由度相同(各杆均为无重弹性杆)。 ( )8图示结构C截面弯矩影响线在C处的竖标
2、为ab/l。 ( )9两刚片用三链杆相联，且三链杆平行不等长，则构成瞬变体系。 ( )lo在多结点结构的力矩分配法计算中，可以同时放松所有不相邻的结点以加速收敛速度。 ( )二、选择题(每小题3分，共30分)11据影响线的定义，图示悬臂梁C截面的弯矩影响线在C点的纵坐标为( ) A0 B-3m C-2m D-lm12图示超静定结构结点角位移的个数是( )A2 B3 C4 D513用力法计算超静定结构时，其基本未知量为( ) A. 杆端弯矩 B结点角位移 C. 结点线位移 D多余未知力14超静定结构在荷载作用下产生的内力与刚度( ) A无关 B相对值有关 C. 绝对值有关 D相对值绝对值都有关
3、15图示简支梁在移动荷载作用下，使截面C产生最大弯矩时的临界荷载是( )A7kN B3kN C10kN D 5kN16机动法作静定梁影响线应用的原理为( ) A. 变形条件 B. 平衡条件 C. 虚功原理 D叠加原理17在图示结构中，若要使其自振频率增大，可以( )A增大P B增大m C. 增大EI D增大l18力法典型方程中的自由项Alp是基本体系在荷载作用下产生的( )AXi BXj CXi方向的位移 DXj方向的位移19一般情况下结点的不平衡力矩总等于( ) A汇交于该结点的固定端弯矩之和 B. 传递弯矩之和C. 结点集中力偶荷载D. 附加约束中的约束力矩20一结构的超静定次数等于结构中
4、( ) A约束的数目 B多余约束的数目C. 结点数 D杆件数三、计算题(20分)21用力法计算图示结构，基本体系如下示，求力法方程各系数和自由项。EI 常数。四、画图题(20分)22用位移法计算图示刚架，画M图。试卷代号：1129中央广播电视大学20062007学年度第二学期“开放本科”期末考试(半开卷)土木工程专业 土木工程力学(本) 试题2007年7月 一、判断题(将判断结果填入括弧，以表示正确，以X表示错误。每小题3分，共30分) 1图a为一对称结构，用位移法求解时可取半边结构如图b所示。 ( ) 2图示梁AB在所示荷载作用下的M图面积为。 3图示体系有5个质点，其动力自由度为5。(设忽
5、略直杆轴向变形的影响) ( ) 4用力法解超静定结构时，可以取超静定结构为基本体系。 ( ) 5在力矩分配中，当远端为定向支座时，其传递系数为o。 ( ) 6计算超静定结构的极限荷载只需使用平衡条件，不需考虑变形条件。 ( ) 7在温度变化与支座移动因素作用下，静定与超静定结构都有内力。 ( ) 8同一结构选不同的力法基本体系，所得到的力法方程代表的位移条件相同。 ( ) 9位移法典型方程中的主系数恒为正值，付系数恒为负值。 ( ) lo图示结构有四个多余约束。 ( )- 二、选择题每小题3分，共30分) 1图示结构莱截面的影响线已做出如图所示，其中竖标yc是表示( ) A. Pl在E时，C截
6、面的弯矩值 BP1在C时，A截面的弯矩值 C. P1在c时，E截面的弯矩值 D. P1在c时，D截面的弯矩值2图示等截面梁的截面极限弯矩Mu=120kNm，则其极限荷载为( ) A120kN B100kN C. 80kN D40kN 3用位移法求解图示结构时，基本未知量的个数是( )A8 B10 C11 D12 4图示体系的自振频率。为( ) 5静定结构的影响线的形状特征是( ) A. 直线段组成B曲线段组成 C. 直线曲线混合 D变形体虚位移图6位移法典型方程实质上是( ) A. 平衡方程 B位移条件 C. 物理关系 D. 位移互等定理7图示结构月截面，弯矩等于( ) A0 Bm上拉 C.
7、1.5m下拉 D1.5m上拉8用位移法计算超静定结构时，其基本未知量为( ) A. 多余未知力 B杆端内力 C. 杆端弯矩 D. 结点位移 9力法方程中的系数代表基本体系在=1作用下产生的( ) AXi B. C. Xi方向的位移 D方向的位移 10超静定结构在荷载作用下产生的内力与刚度( ) A. 无关 B相对值有关 C. 绝对值有关 D相对值绝对值都有关三、(20分) 用力法计算图示结构，并绘出M图，El常数。解： ) 典型方程给(4分)四、(20分) 用位移法计算图示刚架，画M图。 解：试卷代号：1129 中央广播电视大学20062007学年度第二学期“开放本科”期末考试(半开卷) 土木
8、工程专业 土木工程力学(本) 试题答案及评分标准 (供参考) 2007年7月 一、判断题(以表示正确，以X表示错误。每小题3分，共30分) 1X 2X 3X 4 5X 6 7X 8X 9X lOX 二、单项选择题(每小题3分，共30分) 1C 2C 3B 4. C 5A 6A 7C 8D 9C 10H 试卷代号：1129中央广播电视大学20072008学年度第一学期“开放本科”期末考试(半开卷)土木工程专业 土木工程力学(本) 试题2008年1月 一、判断题(每小题3分，共30分。将判断结果填入括弧内，以表 示正确，以X表示错误) 1图a所示结构的M图如图b所示。EI常数。( ) 2图示结构B
9、C杆B端弯矩(下边受拉为正) ( ) - 3简支梁跨中C截面弯矩影响线的物理意义是荷载P1作用在截面C的弯矩图形。 ( ) 4对于超静止梁，塑性铰的数目不一定等于结构的超静定次数。( ) 5用力法计算超静定结构，选取的基本结构不同，所得到的最后弯矩图也不同。( ) 6支座移动刘超静定结构的极限荷载没有影响。( ) 7位移法典型方程的物理意义足反映原结构的位移条件。( ) 8力矩分配沾中的分配系数、传递系数与荷载无关。 ) 9. 当结构中某杆什的刚度增加时，结构的自振频率不一定增大。( ) lo在多结点结构的力矩分配法计算中，叫以同时放松所有不扪邻的结点以加速收敛速度。( ) 二、单项选择题(每
10、小题3分，共30分。在每小题的四个备选答案中 选出一个正确答案，并将其代号填在题千后面的括号内。不选、 错选或多选者，该题无分) 1用力法计算超静定结构时，其墓本未知量为( )。 A. 杆端弯矩 B结点角位移 c结点线位移 D. 多余未知力 2力法典型方程中的自由项，是基本体系在荷载作用产生的( )。 3. 用位移法计算刚架，常引入轴向刚度条件，即“受弯直杆在变形后两端距离保持不变”。此结论是由下述( )假定导出的。 A. 忽gG受弯自杆的轴向变形和剪切变形 B弯曲变形是微小的 C变形后杆件截面仍与变形曲线相乖直 D假定A与同时成立4已如图示结构力矩分配系数，则杆端弯矩为( )。 5简支梁的剪
11、力影响线为两条( )。 A. 相交直线 B平行直线 C. 折线 D抛物线 6根据影响线的定义，图示悬臂梁C截面的弯矩影响线在C点的纵标为( )。 A 0 B一3m C， 2m D一1m 7下图所示体系的动力自由度为( )。 A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4 A重力在弹性力内考虑了 B重力与其它力相比，可略去不计C. 以重力作用时的静平衡位置为y坐标零点 D. 重力是静力，不在动平衡方程中考虑9图示等截面梁的截面极限弯矩M。120kN.m，则其极限荷载为( )。A120kN B，100kNC. C. 80kN D40kN lo图示单自由度动力体系自振周期的关系为( )。 A(a)(b) B (a)
12、(c) C (b)=(c) D都不等 三、(20分) 用力法计算，并绘图示结构的M图。EI常数。 参考答案： 四、(20分) 用位移法求解此刚架。各杆EI相同，等于常数。(只要求求出各系数和自由项，列出位移法方程) 参考答案：只有一个结点角位移。建立基本结构如图所示。位移法方程：试卷代号：1129 中央广播电视大学20072008学年度第一学期“开放本科”期末考试(半开卷) 土木工程专业 土木工程力学(本) 试题答案及评分标准 (供参考) 2008年1月一、判断题(每小题3分，共30分。将判断结果填入括弧内，以表示正确，以X表示错误) 1 2X 3X 4 5X 6. 7X 8 9 10二、选择
13、题(每小题3分，共30分) 1D 2D 3D 4A 5B 6A 7，B 8C 9C 10A三、 (20分) 中央广播电视大学20042005学年度第二学期“开放本科”期末考试土木工工、土木工管、土木工道专业 土木工程力学(2) 试题2005年7月一、是非题(将判断结果填入括弧，以表示正确，以表示错误。本大题分3小题，共15分) 1图示为刚架的虚设力系，按此力系及位移计算公式可求出杆AC的转角。( )(本题5分)2图示结构的超静定次数是n3。( )(本题5分)3图示为单跨超静定梁的力法基本体系，其力法方程的系数为为lEA。( ) (本题5分)二、选择题(将选中答案的字母填入括弧内。本大题分2小题
14、，共15分) 1据影响线的定义，图示悬臂梁C截面的弯距影响线在C点的纵坐标为： A0 B3mC. 2m D1m ( A )(本题7分) 2图为超静定梁的基本结构及多余力X11作用下的各杆内力，EA为常数，则为： Ad(05+1414)EA Bd(15+1414)EAC. d(25+1414)EA Dd(15+2828)EA ( B )(本题8分)三、(本题10分)选出图示结构的力法基本体系，并绘出相应的多余约束力。四、(本大题20分)用力矩分配法计算并作图示结构的M图。EI为常数。用力矩分配法计算并作图示结构的M图。EI为常数。BAAB1D4737MP一2+212分配、传递一3767914M一
15、1778787 3分 MF： 4分 分配、传递： 4分 M： 4分 弯矩图： 5分五、(本大题20分)用位移法作图示结构M图。EI为常数。用位移法作图示结构M图。EI为常数。基本体系图： 5分 求系数： 3分 求自由项： 3分 解方程求： 4分绘弯矩田： 5分六、(本大题20分)图示刚架横梁为刚性杆，重量W：10kN集中在横粱上，h4m，EI5442104kNm2，求自振频率。图示刚架横梁为刚性杆，重量W：10kN集中在横粱上，h4m，EI5442104kNm2，求自振频率。水平侧移刚度：1020104kNm(10分)自振频率：(10分)中央广播电视大学20052006学年度第一学期“开放本科
16、”期末考试土木工程专业 土木工程力学(本) 试题 2006年1月一、是非题(将判断结果填入括弧；以表示正确，以表示错误) (本大题共3小题，总计15分)1图a为一对称结构，用位移法求解时可取半边结构如图b所示。( )(本题5分)2图示梁AB在所示荷载作用下的M图面积为3。( )(本题5分)3图示体系有5个质点，其动力自由度为5。（设忽略直杆崭向变形的影响）（ ）(本题5分)二、选择题(将选中答案的字母填入括号内)(本大题共3小题，总计 15分) 1已知混合结构的多余力3874kN及图a、b分别为Mp，Np和，图，则K截面的M值为： A5543kNm B564kNmC8348kNm D8471k
17、Nm ( )(本题7分) 2图示结构某截面的影响线已做出如图所示，其中竖标是表示： AP1在E时，C截面的弯矩值 BP1在C时，A截面的弯矩值CP1在C时，E截面的弯矩值 DP1在C时，D截面的弯矩值( )(本题8分)三、(本大题15分)计算图示结位移法典型方程式中系数和自由项（各杆的EI为常数）四、(本大题15分)求图示刚架的力矩分配系数。EI=常数。五、(15分)试用机动法绘制图示多跨静定梁、影响线。六、(本大题25分)求图示结构的自振频率。EI=9600。试题答案及评分标准一、是非题(将判断结果填入括弧；以表示正确，以表示错误) (本大题共3小题，总计15分)1 2 3二、选择题(将选中
18、答案的字母填入括号内)(本大题共3小题，总计 15分)1A(本题7分) 2C(本题8分) 三、(本大题15分)计算图示结位移法典型方程式中系数和自由项（各杆的EI为常数）四、(本大题15分)求图示刚架的力矩分配系数。EI=常数。结点AD杆端AB AC ADDA DE315 815 41513 23每个系数各3分。五、(15分)试用机动法绘制图示多跨静定梁、影响线。影响线(7分)影响线(8分)请您删除一下内容，O(_)O谢谢！【Chinas 10 must-see animations】The Chinese animation industry has seen considerable gr
19、owth in the last several years. It went through a golden age in the late 1970s and 1980s when successively brilliant animation work was produced. Here are 10 must-see classics from Chinas animation outpouring that are not to be missed. Lets recall these colorful images that brought the country great
20、 joy. Calabash Brothers Calabash Brothers (Chinese: 葫芦娃) is a Chinese animation TV series produced byShanghaiAnimationFilmStudio. In the 1980s the series was one of the most popular animations in China. It was released at a point when the Chinese animation industry was in a relatively downed state c
21、ompared to the rest of the international community. Still, the series was translated into 7 different languages. The episodes were produced with a vast amount of paper-cut animations. Black Cat Detective Black Cat Detective (Chinese: 黑猫警长) is a Chinese animation television series produced by the Sha
22、nghai Animation Film Studio. It is sometimes known as Mr. Black. The series was originally aired from 1984 to 1987. In June 2006, a rebroadcasting of the original series was announced. Critics bemoan the series violence, and lack of suitability for childrens education. Proponents of the show claim t
23、hat it is merely for entertainment. Effendi Effendi, meaning sir andteacher in Turkish, is the respectful name for people who own wisdom and knowledge. The heros real name was Nasreddin. He was wise and witty and, more importantly, he had the courage to resist the exploitation of noblemen. He was al
24、so full of compassion and tried his best to help poor people. Adventure of Shuke and Beita【舒克与贝塔】 Adventure of Shuke and Beita (Chinese: 舒克和贝塔) is a classic animation by Zheng Yuanjie, who is known as King of Fairy Tales in China. Shuke and Beita are two mice who dont want to steal food like other m
25、ice. Shuke became a pilot and Beita became a tank driver, and the pair met accidentally and became good friends. Then they befriended a boy named Pipilu. With the help of PiPilu, they co-founded an airline named Shuke Beita Airlines to help other animals. Although there are only 13 episodes in this
26、series, the content is very compact and attractive. The animation shows the preciousness of friendship and how people should be brave when facing difficulties. Even adults recalling this animation today can still feel touched by some scenes. Secrets of the Heavenly Book Secrets of the Heavenly Book,
27、 (Chinese: 天书奇谈)also referred to as Legend of the Sealed Book or Tales about the Heavenly Book, was released in 1983. The film was produced with rigorous dubbing and fluid combination of music and vivid animations. The story is based on the classic literature Ping Yao Zhuan, meaning The Suppression
28、of the Demons by Feng Menglong. Yuangong, the deacon, opened the shrine and exposed the holy book to the human world. He carved the books contents on the stone wall of a white cloud cave in the mountains. He was then punished with guarding the book for life by the jade emperor for breaking heavens l
29、aw. In order to pass this holy book to human beings, he would have to get by the antagonist fox. The whole animation is characterized by charming Chinesepainting, including pavilions, ancient architecture, rippling streams and crowded markets, which fully demonstrate the unique beauty of Chinas natu
30、ral scenery. Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf【喜洋洋与灰太狼】 Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf (Chinese:喜羊羊与灰太狼) is a Chinese animated television series. The show is about a group of goats living on the Green Pasture, and the story revolves around a clumsy wolf who wants to eat them. It is a popular domestic a
31、nimation series and has been adapted intomovies. Nezha Conquers the Dragon King（Chinese: 哪吒闹海）is an outstanding animation issued by the Ministry of Culture in 1979 and is based on an episode from the Chinese mythological novel Fengshen Yanyi. A mother gave birth to a ball of flesh shaped like a lotu
32、s bud. The father, Li Jing, chopped open the ball, and beautiful boy, Nezha, sprung out. One day, when Nezha was seven years old, he went to the nearby seashore for a swim and killed the third son of the Dragon King who was persecuting local residents. The story primarily revolves around the Dragon
33、Kings feud with Nezha over his sons death. Through bravery and wit, Nezha finally broke into the underwater palace and successfully defeated him. The film shows various kinds of attractive sceneries and the traditional culture of China, such as spectacular mountains, elegant sea waves and exquisite
34、ancient Chinese clothes. It has received a variety of awards. Havoc in Heaven The story of Havoc in Heaven（Chinese: 大闹天宫）is based on the earliest chapters of the classic storyJourney to the West. The main character is Sun Wukong, aka the Monkey King, who rebels against the Jade Emperor of heaven. Th
35、e stylized animation and drums and percussion accompaniment used in this film are heavily influenced byBeijingOpera traditions. The name of the movie became a colloquialism in the Chinese language to describe someone making a mess. Regardless that it was an animated film, it still became one of the
36、most influential films in all of Asia. Countless cartoon adaptations that followed have reused the same classic story Journey to the West, yet many consider this 1964 iteration to be the most original, fitting and memorable, The Golden Monkey Defeats a Demon【金猴降妖】 The Golden Monkey Defeats a Demon (
37、Chinese: 金猴降妖), also referred as The Monkey King Conquers the Demon, is adapted from chapters of the Chinese classics Journey to the West, or Monkey in the Western world. The five-episode animation series tells the story of Monkey King Sun Wukong, who followed Monk Xuan Zangs trip to the West to tak
38、e the Buddhistic sutra. They met a white bone evil, and the evil transformed human appearances three times to seduce the monk. Twice Monkey King recognized it and brought it down. The monk was unable to recognize the monster and expelled Sun Wukong. Xuan Zang was then captured by the monster. Fortun
39、ately Bajie, another apprentice of Xuan Zang, escaped and persuaded the Monkey King to come rescue the monk. Finally, Sun kills the evil and saves Xuan Zang. The outstanding animation has received a variety of awards, including the 6th Hundred Flowers Festival Award and the Chicago International Chi
40、ldrens Film Festival Award in 1989. McDull【麦兜】 McDull is a cartoon pig character that was created inHong Kongby Alice Mak and Brian Tse. Although McDull made his first appearances as a supporting character in the McMug comics, McDull has since become a central character in his own right, attracting
41、a huge following in Hong Kong. The first McDull movie McMug Story My Life as McDull documented his life and the relationship between him and his mother.The McMug Story My Life as McDull is also being translated into French and shown in France. In this version, Mak Bing is the mother of McDull, not his father.
