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1、Bauhaus,1).“What is the Bauhaus?”;2).lets learn about the history of Bauhaus;3).Charactoristics of Bauhaus;4).Bauhaus concept of design education;5).several teacher of bauhaus;6).Finally,Bauhaus legacy.,First,let me tell you,“What is the Bauhaus?”,What is the Bauhaus?Bauhaus is a design school,found
2、ed in Germany after World War II.The meaning of the name itself is house of building.It was created by Walter Gropius determined in the design and education,and past practices to make a clean break.He hired talented teachers to teach,and these teachers will be selected to teach their star pupil.,Pur
3、pose is in line with the simplicity of the machine age to replace the Victorian-style design.Bauhaus first evolved into a sport,the white interior design,lounge chairs and glass skyscraper into our lives.The initiator of this movement by someone else-the French architect Le Corbusier is one of the.B
4、ut the Bauhaus opened a good start,because it is itself a new,ambitious design products-we call it Bauhaus ideals.“,Secound,lets learn about the history of Bauhaus,The first phase(1919-1925),the Weimar times.Gropius(WALTER GROPIUS)president,proposed art and technology new unified lofty ideals,should
5、er the responsibility of training twentieth Century designers and architects sacred mission.He was widely Jobs,the appointment of artists and craftsmen division of teaching,form the artistic education and handmade combination of new education system;,The second stage(1925-1932),Dessau period.The Bau
6、haus Dessau reconstruction in Germany,and curriculum reform,implementation of the design and production of integrated teaching methods,and achieved excellent results.1928 Gropius resigned as the president,by the director of the Department of architecture Hannes Meyer(HANNS MEYER)succession.The Commu
7、nist Party was born architect,the Bauhaus Art radical expanded to political radical,thereby allowing the Bauhaus is facing increasing political pressure.Finally,Meyer himself had to resign on 1930,by L Mies van der Rohes succession.The succession of Smith from the face of the Nazi forces,strain ever
8、y nerve to maintain school running,finally in 1932 October the Nazis occupied after the forced closure of the Bauhaus Dessau;,The third stage(1932-1933),the Berlin times.L Mies van der Rohes the school moved to Berlin in an abandoned office building,trying to rally,due to Nazi Germany Bauhaus spirit
9、 must face,just came to power of the Nazi government,Smith finally irretrievabl,announced in August that year Bauhaus closed permanently.In 1933 November the Bauhaus was closed,had to end its development course of 14 years.,Third,let talk about charactoristics.,Style,At first,the Bauhaus style of ex
10、pressionism,especially by John Edens personal intuitive,mystical teaching of great influence,and Gropius ideal of collective creation vastly different,but also deviated from the Bauhaus combined with the purpose of industrialproduction,1921,in Berlin suburbs,the timber merchant Adolf Sangma Rumsfeld
11、(Adolf Sommerfeld)commissioned the Bauhaus carpentry factory in private residential construction case is opened during the expressionist works of the summer house(Haus Sommerfeld),interior design are all student work for the Bauhaus carpentry department.,elaborate constructivist theory,the law of fu
12、ll order,impersonal,rational design style,and Bauhaus industrial production,for the purpose of the actual match.,June 1922,Gropius hired Wassily Kandinsky,by reason of his scientific theories from the course to teaching back on track.October 1922,Gropius publicly discouraging Eden resigned,and in 19
13、23 by Midrash Luo friction load in that base(Lszl Moholy-Nagy)to replace his position,in Paul Klee,Kandinsky and that the base of the teaching efforts of the Bauhaus style and gradually move toward rationalism and constructivism.,In 1923,the first exhibition in the Bauhaus model house exhibition of
14、African horn(Musterhaus Am Horn)by George Glamoc(Georg Muche)design,the appearance of a simple cube,built using steel and concrete structures,each room have a clear function can not be replaced,the indoor lights from that base design,furniture are all Marcel Breuer works with the new doctrine that m
15、atter(Neue Sachlichkeit)the composition and characteristics of the Dutch Stijl movement,has cold,minimalist,mechanical,the image.,Forth,Bauhaus concept of design education,Bauhaus concept of design education:(1).Technology and the Arts should be harmony and unity(2).to reach a rational level of visu
16、al sensitivity(3).of the material,structure,texture,color,scientific,and technical understanding(4).the core of the collective work is to design(5).artists,entrepreneurs,technical staff should work closely with(6).students with jobs and close enterprise projects,Next,lets know about several teacher
17、of bauhaus,Laszlo Moholy-Nagy Nagy(Laszlo Moholy-Nagy,1895-1946)was born in Hungary,early paintings and graphic design based.Najib came to the Bauhaus in 1921,1923,to succeed Eaton was responsible for teaching the basis of Bauhaus.Najib stressed that the rational knowledge of form and color,notekey,
18、line,surface relationships,thro-ugh practice,so that students learn how to objectively analyze the composition of space twice,and thus extended to three-dimensional composition,which is designed education has laid a foundation consisting of three,also means that starting from the performance of the
19、Bauhaus and toward rationalism.,After the dissolution of the Bauhaus,Nagy in 1937 in the United States set up a new Bauhaus in Chicago,as a continuation of the original Bauhaus,will introduce a new method of creative education in the United States,but the majority of school graduates was hired as ar
20、tists,craftsmen and teachers,rather than industrial designers.New Bauhaus and later merged with the Illinois Institute of Technology.,H Beyer(HERBERT BAYER)H Beyer Hage was born in Austria in 1900,had to go to school in Austria rhyme Linzey.1921-1923,he went to Germanys Bauhaus University Weimar sch
21、ool days,where he became interested in design for print,and later joined the studio under the leadership of Kandinsky.1924-1928,served as Bauhaus graphic design studio and print head,when the Bauhaus moved from Weimar,Dessau.,Beyer published a wealth of information about Bauhaus design articles and
22、books.There are also the following writings:Atlas of World Geography,Beyer designs set,Beyer a painter,designer,architect.Addition to the set System design work,he also actively engaged in the creation of pure art.His works are in major museums in Europe and Americas permanent collection.And organiz
23、ed a number of solo exhibitions.Many manuals and magazines published articles about his diverse artistic articles.Including J.Van De Marks paper H.Beyer:From the font to the landscape and so on.,Jost Schmitt,Joost Schmidt(1893-1948)was a teacher or master at the Bauhaus and later a prof-essor at the
24、 College of Visual Arts,Berlin.He was a visionary typographer and grap-hic designer who is best known for design-ing the famous poster for the 1923 Bauhaus Exhibition in Weimar,Germany.,In 1946,he collaborated with other members of the Bauhaus on the design of the exhibition Berlin plant/Erster Beri
25、cht,the first exhibition on the citys plans for reconstruction,held in the Berlin City Palace.In 1947/48,he received an offer from the USA Exhi-bition Center to design exhibitions.Prior to his death in 1948,he was working on another Ba-uhaus exhibition and the publication of a Bauhaus book.,Paul Ren
26、nerPaul Renner(August 9,1878 April 25,1956)was a typeface designer,most notably of Futura.He was born in Wernigerode,Germany and died in Hdingen.He was born in Prussia and had a strict Protestant upbringing,being educated in 19th century Gymnasium.he admired the functionalist strain inmodernism.Thus
27、,Renner can be seen as a bridge between the traditional(19th century)and the modern(20th century).He attempted to fuse the Gothic and the roman typefaces.,FuturaFutura was first introduced as a book face and works well if it is set well.But it was so.,Dutch Graphic DesignWim Crouwel was director of
28、the Dutch Boysmans-van Beuningen museum in Rotterdam who commissioned the.,Dutch Graphic DesignWim Crouwel was director of the Dutch Boysmans-van Beuningen museum in Rotterdam who commissioned the.,Dutch Graphic DesignWim Crouwel was director of the Dutch Boysmans-van Beuningen museum in Rotterdam w
29、ho commissioned the.,British Graphic DesignCatalog design for Museum Boymans-Beuningen,Rotterdam by 8vo 1992.From 8vo On the outside Mark Holt&Hamish Muir Lars Mller publishers,Finally,Bauhaus legacy.-the impact of Baubaus,Bauhaus legacy-modern design is whatFrom the 1940s to the 1970s,modern design
30、 in the United States appears to be rising.Despite its simplicity of modernism,cool harmonic geometry of printing,writing and interior design also had a profound impact,but the principle is the best spokesman for the architect.Form follows function.designed this commandment is the first proposed in
31、the 19th century,Mies van der Rohe and after playing to a sensible maximum.His glass skyscrapers neither the authors signature,and no landscaping polish.They are only responsible to fulfill their obligations-such as decorative as office and apartment.Clean and honest This kind words are added to the
32、 building Mies Criticism vocabulary table.,in the form follows function,the designer has to find you can learn from the past form.Since the popularity of this concept,the products and buildings are not identical the attempt.Utilization of raw materials and surface treatments to a minimum.Mechanical
33、composition can at a glance,the form is equivalent to the content.,A corollary of the principle:Truth to Materials.to maintain the character of each raw material-do not put plastic disguised as wood,chrome,fabric or fur.Can not be disguised as oak wood board.No gold metal,not embossed linoleum,no fl
34、ock wallpaper.Like a cloud or a peach,with the most simple real simple beauty.True,not false,Mies van der Rohes another commandment:less is more concept and the previous one this is not unrelated.Smith will be economic-this project added to the aesthetic principle in principle.In engineering,the eco
35、nomy means that there are cost-effective.While Smith,the economy means the visual benefits.He believes that good design can make people see the construction of a purpose.The decoration,symbolism and gestures erased,leaving the skeleton is pure:texture,color,weight,proportion and contour.,in 1929 Mie
36、s designed the German Pavilion in Barcelona,Spain Expo this philosophy on its head-a roof,a base and some of the side.Smiths streamlined strategy to solve many design problems.He designed the German Pavilion at Expo Barcelona chair.In addition to the necessary comfort,this chair does not have any su
37、perfluous decoration materials.Shiny metal lath form the framework of a chair,a cloth seat and back with a double,thin fur mat can withstand your weight.In addition to using no modified fonts,designers will be arranged in a rectangular grid on the page.Product designers are also on the less is more concept prepared egos.,Thank you!,
