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1、Chapter Four Letter Writing,-Letters are important means of communication.Good letter-writing skills involve appropriate use of language,good organization of content and appropriate style and tone.,-According to the different purposes of writing,letters may be classified into two main types:social c
2、orrespondence and business letters.,I The layout of a letter,The heading;The inside address;The salutation;The body;The complimentary close;The signature.,Part 1:The heading,1.The parts of the heading:-the full address of the writer and the date of the letter2.The location of the heading:-in the top
3、 right-hand corner(blocked or indented style)or the top left hand corner(often in block style);3.The punctuation:-It may or may not have end punctuation(Americans do not use any punctuation,but the British usually use a comma after each line and a period after the last line).4.Special occasion-For l
4、etter-head stationery is used,the writer only needs to put the date below the printed matter-two or three spaces below the printed matter.,5.Arrangement of the address in the heading:-first line:the house number,the name of the street or road-second line:the name of the town or city,the name of the
5、state or province,the postal code(second line);-last line:the name of the country 6.The date of the letter:-it can be the last line of the heading or two spaces below the address January 15,1997 or January 15th,1997 15 January,1997 or 15th January,1997 15 January 1997 or 15th January 1997,Here are t
6、wo examples of the heading:,平头式（Block style）:1575 Oak Avenue,Apt.75 Evanston,Illinois 60201 U.S.A.Oct.7,2000缩行式(Indented style):Foreign Languages Department,East China Normal University,Shanghai,200062,P.R.China,8 Nov.,2000.,My address:Room 915,Foreign Languages Department,Heilongjiang Institute of
7、Science and Technology,#1 Tangchang Street,Songbei District,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150027,P.R.China,25 Feb.,2008.(Note:If there are too many words in one item,arrange them on two or more lines but indent them.),Part 2:The inside address,1.Parts of it:-full name with title and full address of the person
8、 you are writing to;2.Location:-It should be below the date line against the left margin.,3.The acceptable abbreviations:1)Before the name:Mr.(pl.Messers)Mrs.(pl.Mmes.)Miss Ms.Dr.e.g.Mr.John Smith/Prof.John Smith/Dr.Mark Brown Miss Elizabeth Henry 2)After the name:Jr.Sr.Esq.Ph.D.e.g.Henry Barker,Esq
9、.(英)亨利.巴克先生 Jack Horn,Jr./Paul Harvey,Sr.William Kramer,Ph.D.,4.How to address your letter:a.If you know the receiver-use full name and title e.g.Mr.James Allen b.If you are not sure of the receiver-use the name of the organization concerned e.g.Harper&Giant Ltd.c.If you write to certain person but
10、dont know his or her name-use the occupational title e.g.The Sales Manager The Director The Secretary,An example of inside address:,Mr.James Allen Executive Secretary to the Chairman Martin&Simmons,Inc.234 Commonwealth Avenue Boston,MA 23456 U.S.A.,Part 3:The Salutation,The Definition-greeting to yo
11、ur addressee2.Location-two spaces below and should be in line with the inside address3.What to put-The word“dear”is used to begin the salutation.First name,surname or full name(with or without title)of the addressee can be used according to your relationship with the recipient.4.Punctuation-comma or
12、 colon should be put after the salutation,e.g.1:Dear Mary,Dear Smith,Dear Mary Smith,Dear Ms.Smith,Dear Ms.Mary Smith,e.g.2:Dear Prof.Black Dear Dr.Henry White Dear Sir or Dear Madam(if you dont know the name)Dear Sir or Madam(if you dont know the sex of your addressee)To Whom It May Concern(usually
13、 for reference letter,recommendation letter,expertise report,etc.),Part 4:The Body,Location 1)two spaces below the salutation 2)indented(five letters to the right)or block style 3)single-spaced within paragraph double-spaced between paragraphs,Part 5:The Complimentary Close,The closing of a business
14、 letter,Complimentary close,Signature,The typed name,Location-two spaces or so below the body of the letter on the right-hand side or left-hand side or in the center of the page2.Punctuation-a comma after the close3.First letter should be capitalized.4.The conventional complimentary closes:1)in busi
15、ness letters:Yours truly,Truly yours,Yours sincerely,Sincerely yours,Respectfully,Faithfully,etc.2)in personal letters:Yours affectionately,Lovingly yours,Yours with love,With best wishes,etc.,Part 6 The Signature,1.Put it between the complimentary close and the typed name.2.Use pinyin spelling or C
16、hinese characters in ink.3.Sign your full name for business letters,your full name or your given name or even a nickname for personal letters.,Note:Besides the six essential parts,a letter may also include some other items.,1)Encloure(s)or Enc(s).or Encl(s).-signifies that the writer encloses some m
17、aterial in the envelope.e.g.Encl.：2 photos Encs.:Two letters of recommendation One application form One resume2)P.S.-Signifies the additione.g.P.S.Please send all the material by air mail.,II What to put on the envolope?,a.The full name and the complete address of the receiver in the center of the e
18、nvolope;b.The return address(the writers name and address)is written in the top left-hand corner of the envelope;c.Stamps are put in the top right-hand corner,III Exercises Exercise 1写出你的信头和寄往美国耶鲁大学(Yale University)研究生院(Graduate School)录取办公室(Registrar of Admission)Smith女士的信件的封内地址。,Room 915,Foreign L
19、anguages DepartmentHeilongjiang Institute of Science and Technology#1 Tangchang Street,Songbei DistrictHarbin,Heilongjiang 150027P.R.China20 Dec.,2007Ms SmithAdmissions OfficeThe Graduate SchoolThe Yale UniversityU.S.A.,Exercise 2:Write the inside address,美国马萨诸塞州(Massachusetts or Mass.)剑桥市(Cambridge)麻省理工学院计算机工程系John.Smith教授,邮编：02139Mr.John.SmithCompuer Dept.Mass.Technological College Cambridge,Mass.02139 U.S.A.,Assignment,(To be decided.),
