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1、ByGuillermo R.Balce,D.Sc.ASEAN Centre for Energy,For presentation at the International Seminar on Northeast Asia Energy Cooperation;18 October 2002;Seoul,Korea,Beyond Barriers of Energy Cooperation in Northeast Asia:Links to Southeast Asia,Introduction,Energy cooperation among neighboring countries
2、is motivated primarily by common concerns.In Southeast Asia,the common concerns are oil security and energy market access.These two factors cement the bond between net oil importing countries and net oil exporting countries in the ASEAN towards creating regional energy programmes.Two major energy in
3、frastructure programmes have commenced in 1999 upon the mandate of the ASEAN Heads of Government under the ASEAN Vision 2020 issued in 1997.These programmes are the Trans-ASEAN Gas Pipeline(TAGP)and the ASEAN Power Grid(APG).It is most likely that oil security and energy market access are also commo
4、n to Northeast Asian countries.Therefore,energy cooperation could as well focus on gas pipeline and power grid.,Map of ASEAN Power Grid,ASEAN POWER GRID,Development of ASEAN Cooperation for APG,1960,2000,1990,1980,1970,(1978)ThailandMalaysiaSingapore Power Exchange Agreement,GMS Integrated Transmiss
5、ion System Study by MRC(1996),Establishment of AIMS WG under HAPUA(May,2000)Policy Statement on Regional Power Trade endorsed by GMS Ministers(January,2000),(1985)P.Malaysia Singapore Interconnection Commissioned,P.Malaysia Thailand Interconnection Commissioned(1981),Establishment of HAPUA(1981),(19
6、82)HAPUA Electricity Interconnection Program Commencement,Power Trade Strategy for GMS by WB(1999),Completion of APG Master Plan by AIMSWG(projected 2003),(1966)Lao PDR Thailand Power Exchange Agreement,2nd Meeting of the Trans-Borneo Power Grid Interconnection(June 2002)1st Meeting on Trans Borneo
7、Power interconnection(August,2001),ASEAN POWER GRID,Link with Northeast Asia,Participation of Yunnan Province of China in GMS Power Interconnection and Trade Programme,ASEAN POWER GRID,Greater Mekong Sub-Region Interconnection Plan,Map of TAGP,TRANS-ASEAN GAS PIPELINE,1988-1990:ASEAN Council on Petr
8、oleums(ASCOPE)study on the“Potential of Natural Gas Pipeline Connection in the ASEAN Region”1993-1996:Master plan on Natural Gas Development and Utilisation in the ASEAN Region under the ASEAN-EC Energy Management Training and Research Centre(AEEMTRC)conducted by European Companies SNAM,Gaz de Franc
9、e and Trans Energ1 July 1996:Master plan Report endorsed by the 14th ASEAN Ministers of Energy Meeting15 Dec 1997:ASEAN Vision 202016 Dec 1998:Hanoi Plan of ActionEarly 1999:ASEAN Council on Petroleum(ASCOPE)created the Trans-ASEAN Gas Pipeline Task Force(TAGP-TF)led by Malaysia1 July 1999:ASEAN Pla
10、n of Action for Energy Cooperation 1999-200414 Feb 2001:ASCOPE TAGP-TF completed a new masterplan on Trans-ASEAN Gas Pipeline and proposed an ASEAN MOU on TAGP5 July 2002:20th AMEM signed ASEAN MOU on TAGP,TRANS-ASEAN GAS PIPELINE,Development of ASEAN Cooperation for TAGP,TRANS-ASEAN GAS PIPELINE,Ga
11、s pipeline interconnection plan with Southern China,TRANS-ASEAN GAS PIPELINE,Indonesias Integrated Gas Transmission Plan,Towards NE Asia SE Asia Cooperation,GMS Power Trade AgreementASEAN+3ASEAN JapanASEAN KoreaAPECIEAKyoto ProtocolOthers including bilateral arrangements,Current Institutional Linkag
12、es,Oil Trade Flows,Chokepoints for Oil&Gas Trade Flow,Energy Security Concern between NE Asia&SE Asia,Conclusion,Beyond the barriers,energy security and market access concerns are bonding elements for NE Asia energy cooperation as well as between NE Asia and SE Asia.,Thank You,ASEAN Centre for Energy,2002,
