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1、基坑加深部位降水施工方案一、 工程概况青岛银盛泰国际商务楼位于城阳区中心位置，北邻正阳路，西邻山城路。工程建筑面积6.5万平方米，地下两层，分别为地下车库和设备用房，地上十三层，其中一、二层为商业网点，三十三层为商务酒店。工程0.00相当于绝对标高12.8M，场地自然地坪标高为11.8M，主楼基底标高为4.0M，裙房基底标高为4.6M。基坑东西长度为130M，南北宽为86M，挖土深度为7.5M，根据基坑开挖后实际情况，工程地下水位标高为7.0M。基坑支护采用配筋搅拌水泥桩挡土墙坡面挂网喷射砼面护坡，护坡面设四道预应力拉锚杆作加劲肋。本工程2006年7月初开始挖土，现土方机械工程公司轴以东已挖至
2、7.5米，发现该部分地基土有地下水渗透出土表层。工程/处塔吊基坑，开挖至10.1米处，即出现坑底流沙现象，无法继续施工。经现场观察，塔吊基坑部位第一层粘土底标高为9.3米，其下为粗砂层，而该处塔吊基础基底标高为10.2米，该处水源主要为第一层粗砂层中含水（在止水帏幕有效情况下），同时在东南角已挖至基底标高（至粗砂层），也出现类似泛水现象，不过该处水呈漫渗现象。其余未挖至粗砂层水主要为原地基勘探期间钻探孔内涌水，同时也不排除有由基坑止水帷幕底部渗透进基坑现象。根据施工要求，需人工降低地下水位至8.8M以下0.5米处,局部如电梯井、集水坑部位需降水至坑底板垫层下0.5米（11.4米），以保证基坑土
3、方开挖和地下室施工质量。根据工程地质勘查报告，本工程场地地层结构简单，以全新素填土、粉质粘土、粗砂为主，埋深较浅，因受冲洪积影响，地层横向稍有起伏。根据岩土工程勘察资料，场地地层自上而下依次为：1、素填土：厚度0.54.0m，层底标高为7.811.4M。2、粉质粘土：厚度1.87.3m, 层底标高为3.87.8M。3、粗砂：厚度1.26.5m, 层底标高为1.86.6M。4、粉质粘土：厚度0.24.6m, 层底标高为0.56.0M。5、粉质粘土：厚度1.96.0m, 层底标高为3.445.9M。6、粗砂：厚度1m, 层底标高为4.73.3M。土层中地下水位埋深45 m，即位于第二层粉质粘土层及
4、第三层粗砂层，地下水类型为孔隙潜水和微承压水。二、施工方案综合上述情况，本工程采用堵水、排水、降水三个措施来降低工程基坑水位。堵水：主要堵住原地质勘查勘探孔内涌水。由甲方协同地质勘探单位，查出勘探孔具体位置，我司配合清理出孔眼。由护坡单位向勘探孔内灌注压力砼，喷灌砼时。胶皮管伸至勘探孔孔底，循次逐步退出，从而堵死该孔。具体施工需和现场勘查实际情况结合，凡已挖至粗砂层部位，对该部位勘探孔不采用堵水施工。排水：在基坑底设置排水盲沟，排除基坑地表水。盲沟纵横间距4M设置，盲沟宽300mm、深300mm。纵横盲沟相连，和基坑外侧排水沟（外侧排水沟截面为500mm宽，比内侧盲沟深300mm）相通。该部位
5、排水沟要求基坑支护单位需加强护坡处理。基坑南、北及东、西周边设置1000集水井，集水井间距不大于30M，集水井比设计基底底500mm，安排专人24小时不间断抽水。基础垫层施工前用大粒径石子填充盲沟。降水：1）、在工程基坑集水坑、电梯井等加深部位采用埋设射流式井点排水系统，降低基坑中央的水头。该系统的特点是能快速均衡疏干操作层以下的地下水，保证基坑干燥以便于施工。2）、于电梯井、集水坑坑底设置700集水井，该集水井低于底板垫层800mm，中间设带滤水眼钢套管。作为辅助降水和观察地下水位情况井眼（具体如附图）。三、施工工艺：在工程塔吊基坑、电梯井坑、集水坑四周设置井点管，井点管间距1000mm，井
6、点管长度为6000mm，井点管底不低于同部位井坑底1500mm。同时井点降水部位周圈挖出300mm深沟槽，用6分尼龙管埋入，尼龙管表面如井点管布置滤眼和井点总干管连接，沟槽部位回填黄砂作滤水层，其上用砼覆盖封闭。井点管、尼龙管及总干管埋设于垫层底，浇筑砼埋入。下井点管：基底开挖至设计标高，即根据图纸设计放出塔吊基坑、电梯井坑、集水坑位置线，在距坑边500mm四周下井点管。下井点管时由基坑支护单位协助，用钻孔机械成孔，然后下井点管，下管深度为井点管贯穿整个下卧粗砂含水层，同时井点管底部低于同部位基底1500mm。用压力水冲洗孔后埋入井点管并用黄砂填充井管周围至距地面0.5米处，上部用粘土封死以防
7、漏气，随后用胶连管将井管与主管连接。待全部井管下完后，安装通电试抽，按出水先大后小，先浑后清后，降水即可进行。降水期间注意观察设于集水坑、电梯井坑底的集水井水位，保证地下水位低于500mm左右，如水位过低，则停止该部位井点抽水工作，防止因大量地下水被抽除后，对基底土层和基坑支护产生不良影响。四、排水 由于降水过程须24小时不间断抽水，方能有最佳效果，为保证降水，现场需配置一台发电机以供停电时使用。五、施工组织安排 基坑降水现场需配备以下设备 集水总管400米 真空泵 4台 井点管（6米）500根离心泵 1台 胶带管200根6分尼龙管 400米50、100胶带管200根 潜水泵 14台 电闸箱、
8、电缆线各若干六、安全措施及文明施工 为保证施工，现场安排工程负责人1名 ，技术负责人1名，并制定以下安全措施。 1建立安全生产责任制，建立严格的奖惩制度。2严格按照安全用电规范操作，严禁违章操作，无证上岗。3上班必须戴安全帽，值班人员必须戴袖章，以便出现问题及时解决。4严格值班，值班人员值班期间，应作好值班记录，发现问题及时处理。七、验算复核拟定井点管采用DN50长度为6mPVC管，其中滤管长600mm，连接管为DN50胶皮管，集水总管为DN100钢管，集水总管埋设于垫层下。井点管周边埋设6分尼龙滤水管（排除地表水）。以塔吊基坑为例进行验算：塔吊基坑比原基底标高底1.5m，基坑尺寸为6.856
9、.85米2。1、基坑假想半径：r（C+B）/4 CB6.85m 查表可知 1.18r4.04m2、基坑涌水量计算Q1.366K(H2-h2c)/(lg(R+ r)-lgr)H为潜水含水层厚度 H3m hc1m R为单孔影响半径R10SwK1/2Sw0.5mK 粗砂渗透系数 K45m/dR100.55.48 27.4mQ552m3/d因本工程井点管设于粗砂层，渗透系数K45m/d，较大，故可不考虑单井出水量。本工程集水坑、电梯井、塔吊基坑合计8个，采用二台QJD60水射泵，分别置于塔吊对应南侧，即能满足8367.92943.2 m3/d（实际电梯井坑、集水坑基坑尺寸小于塔吊基坑尺寸）。符合降水要
10、求。附图1：附图2：附图3：Employment tribunals sort out disagreements between employers and employees.You may need to make a claim to an employment tribunal if: you dont agree with the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you your employer dismisses you and you think that you have been dismissed
11、unfairly.For more information about dismissal and unfair dismissal, seeDismissal.You can make a claim to an employment tribunal, even if you haventappealedagainst the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you. However, if you win your case, the tribunal may reduce any compensation awar
12、ded to you as a result of your failure to appeal.Remember that in most cases you must make an application to an employment tribunal within three months of the date when the event you are complaining about happened. If your application is received after this time limit, the tribunal will not usually
13、accept it.If you are worried about how the time limits apply to you, take advice from one of the organisations listed underFurther help.Employment tribunals are less formal than some other courts, but it is still a legal process and you will need to give evidence under an oath or affirmation.Most pe
14、ople find making a claim to an employment tribunal challenging. If you are thinking about making a claim to an employment tribunal, you should get help straight away from one of the organisations listed underFurther help.If you are being represented by a solicitor at the tribunal, they may ask you t
15、o sign an agreement where you pay their fee out of your compensation if you win the case. This is known as adamages-based agreement. In England and Wales, your solicitor cant charge you more than 35% of your compensation if you win the case.If you are thinking about signing up for a damages-based ag
16、reement, you should make sure youre clear about the terms of the agreement. It might be best to get advice from an experienced adviser, for example, at a Citizens Advice Bureau. To find your nearest CAB, including those that give advice by e-mail, click onnearest CAB.For more information about makin
17、g a claim to an employment tribunal, seeEmployment tribunals.The (lack of) air up there .Watch mCayman Islands-based Webb, the head of Fifas anti-racism taskforce, is in London for the Football Associations 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend Citys Premier League match at Chelsea on Sunda
18、y.I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I have asked to meet Yaya Toure, he told BBC Sport.For me its about how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was.Uefa hasopened disciplinary proceedings against CSKAfor the racist behaviour of their fans duringCit
19、ys 2-1 win.Michel Platini, president of European footballs governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referees actions.CSKA said they were surprised and disappointed by Toures complaint. In a statement the Russian side added: We found no racist insults from fans of CSKA.Age
20、 has reached the end of the beginning of a word. May be guilty in his seems to passing a lot of different life became the appearance of the same day; May be back in the past, to oneself the paranoid weird belief disillusionment, these days, my mind has been very messy, in my mind constantly. Always
21、feel oneself should go to do something, or write something. Twenty years of life trajectory deeply shallow, suddenly feel something, do it.一字开头的年龄已经到了尾声。或许是愧疚于自己似乎把转瞬即逝的很多个不同的日子过成了同一天的样子；或许是追溯过去，对自己那些近乎偏执的怪异信念的醒悟，这些天以来，思绪一直很凌乱，在脑海中不断纠缠。总觉得自己自己似乎应该去做点什么，或者写点什么。二十年的人生轨迹深深浅浅，突然就感觉到有些事情，非做不可了。The end of
22、 our life, and can meet many things really do?而穷尽我们的一生，又能遇到多少事情是真正地非做不可？During my childhood, think lucky money and new clothes are necessary for New Year, but as the advance of the age, will be more and more found that those things are optional; Junior high school, thought to have a crush on just me
23、ans that the real growth, but over the past three years later, his writing of alumni in peace, suddenly found that isnt really grow up, it seems is not so important; Then in high school, think dont want to give vent to out your inner voice can be in the high school children of the feelings in a peri
24、od, but was eventually infarction when graduation party in the throat, later again stood on the pitch he has sweat profusely, looked at his thrown a basketball hoops, suddenly found himself has already cant remember his appearance.童年时，觉得压岁钱和新衣服是过年必备，但是随着年龄的推进，会越来越发现，那些东西根本就可有可无；初中时，以为要有一场暗恋才意味着真正的成长
25、，但三年过去后，自己心平气和的写同学录的时候，突然就发现是不是真正的成长了，好像并没有那么重要了；然后到了高中，觉得非要吐露出自己的心声才能为高中生涯里的懵懂情愫划上一个句点，但毕业晚会的时候最终还是被梗塞在了咽喉，后来再次站在他曾经挥汗如雨的球场，看着他投过篮球的球框时，突然间发现自己已经想不起他的容颜。Originally, this world, can produce a chemical reaction to an event, in addition to resolutely, have to do, and time.原来，这个世界上，对某个事件能产生化学反应的，除了非做不可
26、的坚决，还有，时间。A persons time, your ideas are always special to clear. Want, want, line is clear, as if nothing could shake his. Also once seemed to be determined to do something, but more often is he backed out at last. Dislike his cowardice, finally found that there are a lot of love, there are a lot o
27、f miss, like shadow really have been doomed. Those who do, just green years oneself give oneself an arm injection, or is a self-righteous spiritual.一个人的时候，自己的想法总是特别地清晰。想要的，不想要的，界限明确，好像没有什么可以撼动自己。也曾经好像已经下定了决心去做某件事，但更多的时候是最后又打起了退堂鼓。嫌恶过自己的怯懦，最终却发现有很多缘分，有很多错过，好像冥冥之中真的已经注定。那些曾经所谓的非做不可，只是青葱年华里自己给自己注射的一支强心
28、剂，或者说，是自以为是的精神寄托罢了。At the moment, the sky is dark, the air is fresh factor after just rained. Suddenly thought of blue plaid shirt; Those were broken into various shapes of stationery; From the corner at the beginning of deep friendship; Have declared the end of the encounter that havent start plann
29、ing. Those years, those days of do, finally, like youth, will end in our life.此刻，天空是阴暗的，空气里有着刚下过雨之后的清新因子。突然想到那件蓝格子衬衫；那些被折成各种各样形状的信纸；那段从街角深巷伊始的友谊；还有那场还没有开始就宣告了终结的邂逅计划那些年那些天的非做不可，终于和青春一样，都将在我们的人生中谢幕。Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted. r plays an important role in this mission. Startin
30、g at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher than
31、 the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence.The supersonic descent could
32、 happen as early as Sunda.The weatheThe balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet ( Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic diving platform.Below, the Earth becomes the concrete bottom of a swimming pool that he wants to land on, but no
33、t too hard. Still, hell be traveling fast, so despite the distance, it will not be like diving into the deep end of a pool. It will be like he is diving into the shallow end. Skydiver preps for the big jumpWhen he jumps, he is expected to reach the speed of sound - 690 mph (1,110 kph) - in less than
34、 40 seconds. Like hitting the top of the water, he will begin to slow as he approaches the more dense air closer to Earth. But this will not be enough to stop him completely.If he goes too fast or spins out of control, he has a stabilization parachute that can be deployed to slow him down. His team
35、hopes its not needed. Instead, he plans to deploy his 270-square-foot (25-square-meter) main chute at an altitude of around 5,000 feet (1,524 meters).In order to deploy this chute successfully, he will have to slow to 172 mph (277 kph). He will have a reserve parachute that will open automatically if he loses consciousness at mach speeds.Even if everything goes as planned, it wont. Baumgartner still will free fall at a speed that would cause you and me to pass out, and no parachute is guaranteed to work higher than 25,000 feet (7,620 meters).cause there
