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1、Chapter 15: The Urinary System. ( ) 1- What enzyme produced by the kidneys helps to regulate blood pressure?a- renin b- aldosterone c- urochrome d- erythropoietin e- creatine ( ) 2- Blood in an afferent arteriole would enter which of the following next?a- interlobular artery b- efferent arteriole c-
2、 peritubular capillaries d- arcuate artery e- glomerulus ( ) 3- The filtrate forced through the capillary walls in the kidneys enters which of the following first?a- distal convoluted tubule (DCT). b- glomerular capsule c- loop of Henle d- collecting duct e- proximal convoluted tubule (PCT). ( ) 4-
3、Which of the following is not normally in the filtrate forced from the glomerular capillaries and, therefore, does not appear in urine?a- proteins b- glucose c- water d- amino acids e- urea ( ) 5- Which of the following is normally present in the filtrate forced from the glomerular capillaries but d
4、oes not normally appear in the urine?a- blood cells b- water c- proteins d- glucose e- urea ( ) 6- Which of the following is not located in the renal medulla?a- interlobar artery b- renal pyramid c- glomerular capsule d- collecting duct e- renal column ( ) 7- From first to last, the correct order in
5、 which the filtrate would pass through the structures listed is?a- collecting duct-glomerular capsule-PCT-loop of Henle-DCT b- glomerular capsule-collecting duct-PCT-loop of Henle-DCT c- glomerular capsule-PCT-loop of Henle-DCT-collecting duct d- glomerular capsule-DCT-loop of Henle-PCT-collecting d
6、uct e- glomerular capsule-loop of Henle-PCT-DCT-collecting duct ( ) 8- The metabolism of nucleic acids yields this nitrogenous waste that appears in blood and urine?a- uric acid b- urochrome c- urea d- ammonia e- creatinine ( ) 9- The regulation of blood pH by the elimination of excess acids or alka
7、line substances from the body is accomplished by the?a- renal mechanism b- bicarbonate buffer system c- protein buffer system d- respiratory system e- phosphate buffer system ( ) 10- Which of the following substances is not normally found in urine?a- urochrome b- urea c- uric acid d- water e- red bl
8、ood cells ( ) 11- Which of the following would not apply to the location of the kidneys?a- ventral cavity b- thoracic cavity c- retroperitoneal d- abdominal cavity e- lumbar region ( ) 12- Podocytes are?a- Cells of the wall of the glomerular capillaries b- cells that line the urinary bladder c- Cell
9、s of the inner layer of the glomerular capsule d- kidneys cells that produce renin e- phagocytic cells in the kidneys ( ) 13- A high specific gravity of urine indicates?a- diabetes insipidus b- alkalosis c- acidosis d- excessive fluid intake e- kidney inflammation ( )14- Starting at the tip of a med
10、ullary pyramid, the correct sequence of structures that urine passes through on its way out of the body is?a- renal pelvis-calyx-ureter-urinary bladder-urethra b- renal pelvis-calyx-urethra-urinary bladder-ureter c- ureter-calyx-renal pelvis-urinary bladder-urethra d- calyx-renal pelvis-ureter-urina
11、ry bladder-urethra e- calyx-renal pelvis-urethra-urinary bladder-ureter ( ) 15- Which of the following is an indicator of the disease diabetes insipidus?a- ketones in the urine b- glucose in the urine c- acidosis d- a huge volume of dilute urine e- hunger ( ) 16- What are the structural and function
12、al units of the kidneys involved in forming urine?a- calyces b- medullary pyramids c- renal columns d- nephrons e- renal pelvises ( ) 17- Which of the following terms refers to the formation of a large volume of urine?a- oliguria b- polyuria c- anuria d- ptosis e- dysuria ( ) 18- Which of the follow
13、ing terms refers to an inflammation of the urinary bladder?a- pyelitis b- cystitis c- ptosis d- urethritis e- glomerulonephritis ( ) 19- Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?a- produce urea b- produce renin c- excrete urea d- maintain acid-base balance e- maintain water and electr
14、olyte balance ( ) 20- Which of the following substances enters the renal tubule by both filtration and secretion?a- glucose b- amino acids c- creatine d- urea e- water ( ) 21- Each kidney is surrounded by a layer of fibrous tissue, the?a- renal fat pad b- hilus c- renal fascia d- renal capsule e- re
15、nal pelvis ( ) 22- The notch on the medial surface of the kidney, through which the blood vessels enter and leave the kidney, is called the?a- renal cortex b- renal pelvis c- ureter d- calyx e- hilus ( ) 23- The expansion of the ureter into the substance of the kidney forms the?a- renal fascia b- re
16、nal capsule c- renal fat pad d- renal pelvis e- hilus ( ) 24- What is the outermost portion of the kidney?a- renal pelvis b- renal pyramid c- renal calyx d- renal medulla e- renal cortex ( ) 25- Cortical tissue that extends between the medullary or renal pyramids is termed the?a- nephrons b- renal m
17、edulla c- renal papillae d- medullary rays e- renal columns( ) 26- If you dissected a medullary or renal pyramid, what would you find inside?a- the vas deferens b- the glomeruli c- the collecting tubules d- the calyx e- an Egyptian Kings tomb ( ) 27- What is the functional unit of the kidney?a- neph
18、ron b- renal medulla c- glomerulus d- renal corpuscle e- renal cortex ( ) 28- The portion of the nephron closest to the collecting duct is called the?a- distal convoluted tubule b- proximal convoluted tubule c- Loop of Henle d- glomerulus e- Bowmans capsule ( ) 29- The beginning of the nephron is di
19、lated to form the?a- glomerulus b- renal calyx c- renal pelvis d- proximal convoluted tubule e- Bowmans capsule ( ) 30- Urine formation requires which of the following?a- Glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion b- Glomerular filtration and tubular secretion only c- a lot o
20、f patience d- Tubular secretion, tubular filtration and glomerular reabsorption e- Glomerular reabsorption and tubular filtration only ( ) 31- The uptake of substances from the lumen of the nephrons is known as?a- tubular secretion b- tubular filtration c- does not occur d- tubular reabsorption e- t
21、ubular distension ( ) 32- The filtrate materials found in the nephron first leave the blood at the?a- urinary bladder b- Loop of Henle c- contractile vacuole d- nephridium e- glomerulus ( ) 33- Where does most reabsorption of substances from the glomerular filtrate occur?a- in the distal convoluted
22、tubule b- in the loop of Henle c- in the collecting tubule d- in the proximal convoluted tubule e- in the Bowmans Capsule ( ) 34- Which of the following can enter the urine by tubular secretion?a- H+ b- K+ c- Creatinine d- All of a, b and c above are correct about tubular secretion e- Only a and b a
23、bove are correct about tubular secretion ( ) 35- What does renin do?a- It forms paracasein with a milk protein in the stomach b- It catalyses the formation and release of angiotensin c- It is concerned with lipid digestion in the stomach d- It reduces blood pressure e- It is concerned with carbohydr
24、ate digestion in the stomach ( ) 36- The cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?a- secrete aldosterone b- secrete renin c- are located in the proximal convoluted tubule d- both a and c above are correct about the juxtaglomerular cells e- both b and c above are correct about the juxtaglomerular cells
25、 ( ) 37- Aldosterone is secreted in response to?a- low extracellular sodium (Na+) ion concentrations b- high extracellular potassium (K+) ion concentrations c- increased plasma angiotensin d- all of a, b and c above are correct about aldosterone e- only a and c above are correct about aldosterone (
26、)38- Which endocrine gland is primarily concerned with sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) ion balance in the body?a- Parathyroids b- thyroids c- adrenal cortex d- corpus luteum e- adrenal medulla ( ) 39- Just before the final exam in Anatomy and Physiology, to relax yourself and ease your tensions, you
27、 drank ten pints of beer. The production and release of ADH Antidiuretic Hormone or Vasopressin would?a- be carried out by the kidney b- decrease c- be controlled by the anterior pituitary d- increase dramatically e- remain the same ( ) 40- ADH stimulates tubular reabsorption of?a- water. b- Na+ ions. c- K+ ions. d- all of a, b and c above are correct about ADH. e- only b and c above are correct about ADH. 2019181716151413121110987654321AB4039383736353433323130292827262524232221AB
