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1、1909年，布鲁德曼(Brodmann)根据皮质细胞的类型及纤维的疏密把大脑皮质分为52个区，并用数字给予表示。Brodmann大脑分区总览单春雷推荐 (2007-08-29 08:57:01) 标签：健康/保健brodmann大脑分区 分类：医学科研向大家推荐这个比较全面的分区内容，让我们更加了解各脑区的位置和相互关系。 Locational Descriptions of Human Brodmann areas1 - intermediate postcentral (area postcentralis intermedia). Located in the postcentral g
2、yrus. Bounded cytoarchitecturally by the rostral postcentral area 3 and the caudal postcentral area 2 and, at its ventral tip, by the subcentral area 43.2 - caudal postcentral (area postcentralis caudalis). Located primarily in the caudal portion of the postcentral gyrus and the rostral lip of the p
3、ostcentral sulcus with a caudal extension along the intraparietal sulcus. Cytoarchitecturally bounded rostrally by the intermediate postcentral area 1 and caudally by the preparietal area 5, the superior parietal area 7 and the supramarginal area 40.3 - rostral postcentral (area postcentralis oralis
4、). Located primarily in the rostral portion of the postcentral gyrus including the caudal bank of the central sulcus. At either end of the sulcus it can extend beyond the depth of the sulcus into the precentral gyrus. Cytoarchitecturally bounded rostrally by the gigantopyramidal area 4 and caudally
5、by the intermediate postcentral area 1.4 - gigantopyramidal (area gigantopyramidalis). Located in the precentral gyrus. Cytoarchitecturally the caudal boundary with the rostral postcentral area 3 does not coincide precisely with the floor of the central sulcus but lies variably in the banks of the p
6、ostcentral gyrus and the precentral gyrus. The area also does not extend in all cases to the cingulate sulcus medially or to the end of the central sulcus ventro-laterally. Bounded rostrally by the frontal agranular area 6.5 - preparietal (area praeparietalis). Occupies the superior parietal lobule
7、and a portion of the postcentral gyrus, particularly on the medial aspect of the hemisphere. Bounded approximately by the cingulate sulcus on the medial aspect of the hemisphere and by the superior postcentral sulcus on the lateral aspect. Cytoarchitecturally bounded by the caudal postcentral area 2
8、, the superior parietal area 7 and on the medial bank of the hemisphere by the gigantopyramidal area 4 and the dorsal posterior cingulate area 31.6 - agranular frontal (area frontalis agranularis). Located primarily in the caudal portions of the superior frontal gyrus and the middle frontal gyrus an
9、d the rostral portions of the precentral gyrus not occupied by the gigantopyramidal area 4. It extends from the cingulate sulcus on the medial aspect of the hemisphere to the lateral sulcus on the lateral aspect. Cytoarchitecturally bounded rostrally by the frontal region and caudally by the giganto
10、pyramidal area 4.7 - superior parietal (area parietalis superior). Occupies much of the superior parietal lobule and some of the precuneus. Bounded approximately by the superior postcentral sulcus rostrally, the intraparietal sulcus laterally, the parieto-occipital sulcus caudally and, on the medial
11、 bank of the hemisphere, the subparietal sulcus. Cytoarchitecturally bounded rostrally by the preparietal area 5 and the caudal postcentral area 2; caudally by the peristriate area 19; and medially by the dorsal posterior cingulate area 31.8 - intermediate frontal (area frontalis intermedia). Locate
12、d primarily in the superior frontal gyrus extending from the cingulate sulcus on the medial surface over the margin of the hemisphere to the middle frontal gyrus. Cytoarchitecturally bounded caudally by the agranular frontal area 6 and ventrally by the granular frontal area 9.9 - granular frontal (a
13、rea frontalis granularis). Occupies portions of the superior frontal gyrus and the middle frontal gyrus. Its approximate boundary on the medial aspect of the hemisphere is the cingulate sulcus and, on the lateral aspect, the inferior frontal sulcus. Cytoarchitecturally bounded dorsocaudally by the i
14、ntermediate frontal area 8, caudally by the agranular frontal area 6, and ventrally by the frontopolar area 10, the middle frontal area 46 and the opercular area 44.10 - frontopolar (area frontopolaris). Occupies the most rostral portions of the superior frontal gyrus and the middle frontal gyrus. O
15、n the medial aspect of the hemisphere it is bounded ventrally by the superior rostral sulcus. It does not extend as far as the cingulate sulcus. Cytoarchitecturally bounded dorsally by the granular frontal area 9, caudally by the middle frontal area 46, and ventrally by the orbital area 47 and by th
16、e frontopolar area 12.11 - prefrontal (area praefrontalis). Constitutes most of the orbital gyri, gyrus rectus and the most rostral portion of the superior frontal gyrus. Bounded medially by the inferior rostral sulcus and laterally approximately by the frontomarginal sulcus. Cytoarchitecturally bou
17、nded on the rostral and lateral aspects of the hemisphere by the frontopolar area 10, the orbital area 47, and the triangular area 45; on the medial surface it is bounded dorsally by the area 12 and caudally by the subgenual area 25.12 - prefrontal (area praefrontalis). Occupies the area between the
18、 superior rostral sulcus and the inferior rostral sulcus. Cytoarchitecturally bounded dorsally by the frontopolar area 10 and the dorsal anterior cingulate area 32; caudally, ventrally and rostrally it is bounded by the prefrontal area 11. (Originally described as part of prefrontal area 11 but not
19、shown in the map, subsequently it was labeled as an independent area 12.)17 - striate (area striata). Part of the occipital lobe of the cerebral cortex that is defined on the basis of cyto- and myeloarchitecture, primarily by the band/stripe of Gennari.18 - parastriate (area parastriata). Located in
20、 parts of the cuneus, the lingual gyrus and the lateral occipital gyrus of the occipital lobe. Cytoarchitecturally bounded on one side by the striate area 17, from which it is distinguished by absence of a band/stripe of Gennari, and on the other by the peristriate area 19.19 - peristriate (area per
21、istriata). Located in parts of the lingual gyrus, the cuneus, the lateral occipital gyrus and the superior occipital gyrus of the occipital lobe where it is bounded approximately by the parieto-occipital sulcus. Cytoarchitecturally bounded on one side by the parastriate area 18 which it surrounds. R
22、ostrally it is bounded by the angular area 39 and the occipitotemporal area 37.20 - inferior temporal (area temporalis inferior). Corresponds approximately to the inferior temporal gyrus. Cytoarchitecturally bounded medially by the ectorhinal area 36, laterally by the middle temporal area 21, rostra
23、lly by the temporopolar area 38 and caudally by the occipitotemporal area 37.21 - middle temporal (area temporalis media). Corresponds approximately to the middle temporal gyrus. Bounded rostrally by the temporopolar area 38, ventrally by the inferior temporal area 20, caudally by the occipitotempor
24、al area 37, and dorsally by the superior temporal area 22.22 - superior temporal (area temporalis superior). Corresponds approximately to the lateral and caudal two thirds of the superior temporal gyrus. Bounded rostrally by the temporopolar area 38, medially by the posterior transverse temporal are
25、a 42, ventrocaudally by the middle temporal area 21 and dorsocaudally by the supramarginal area 39.23 - ventral posterior cingulate (area cingularis posterior ventralis). Occupies most of the posterior cingulate gyrus adjacent to the corpus callosum. At the caudal extreme it is bounded approximately
26、 by the parieto-occipital sulcus. Cytoarchitecturally bounded dorsally by the dorsal posterior cingulate area 31, rostrally by the ventral anterior cingulate area 24, and ventrorostrally in its caudal half by the retrosplenial region.24 - ventral anterior cingulate (area cingularis anterior ventrali
27、s). Occupies most of the anterior cingulate gyrus in an arc around the genu of corpus callosum. Its outer border corresponds approximately to the cingulate sulcus. Cytoarchitecturally bounded internally by the pregenual area 33, externally by the dorsal anterior cingulate area 32, and caudally by th
28、e ventral posterior cingulate area 23 and the dorsal posterior cingulate area 31.25 - subgenual (area subgenualis). A narrow band located in the caudal portion of the subcallosal area adjacent to the paraterminal gyrus from which it is separated by the posterior parolfactory sulcus. It is bounded by
29、 the prefrontal area 11rostrally and by the paraterminal gyrus caudally.26 - ectosplenial (area ectosplenialis). A narrow band located in the isthmus of cingulate gyrus adjacent to the fasciolar gyrus internally. It is bounded externally by the granular retrolimbic area 29.28 - entorhinal (area ento
30、rhinalis). Located in the entorhinal area on the medial aspect of the temporal lobe. It and the dorsal entorhinal area 34 together constitute approximately the entorhinal area.29 - granular retrolimbic (area retrolimbica granularis). A narrow band located in the isthmus of cingulate gyrus. Cytoarchi
31、tecturally bounded internally by the ectosplenial area 26 and externally by the agranular retrolimbic area 30.30 - agranular retrolimbic (area retrolimbica agranularis). Located in the isthmus of cingulate gyrus. Cytoarchitecturally bounded internally by the granular retrolimbic area 29, dorsally by
32、 the ventral posterior cingulate area 23 and ventrolaterally by the ectorhinal area 36.31 - dorsal posterior cingulate (area cingularis posterior dorsalis). Occupies portions of the posterior cingulate gyrus and medial aspect of the parietal lobe. Approximate boundaries are the cingulate sulcus dors
33、ally and the parieto-occipital sulcus caudally. It partially surrounds the subparietal sulcus. Cytoarchitecturally bounded rostrally by the ventral anterior cingulate area 24, ventrally by the ventral posterior cingulate area 23, dorsally by the gigantopyramidal area 4 and preparietal area 5 and cau
34、dally by the superior parietal area 7.32 - dorsal anterior cingulate (area cingularis anterior dorsalis). Forms an outer arc around the anterior cingulate gyrus. The cingulate sulcus defines approximately its inner boundary and the superior rostral sulcus its ventral boundary; rostrally it extends a
35、lmost to the margin of the frontal lobe. Cytoarchitecturally bounded internally by the ventral anterior cingulate area 24, externally by medial margins of the agranular frontal area 6, intermediate frontal area 8, granular frontal area 9, frontopolar area 10, and prefrontal area 11.33 - pregenual (a
36、rea praegenualis). A narrow band located in the anterior cingulate gyrus adjacent to the supracallosal gyrus in the depth of the callosal sulcus. Cytoarchitecturally bounded by the ventral anterior cingulate area 24 and the supracallosal gyrus.34 - dorsal entorhinal (area entorhinalis dorsalis). Loc
37、ated in the entorhinal area on the medial aspect of the temporal lobe. It and the entorhinal area 28 together constitute approximately the entorhinal area.35 - perirhinal (area perirhinalis). Located along the rhinal sulcus. Cytoarchitectually bounded medially by the entorhinal area 28 and laterally
38、 by the ectorhinal area 36.36 - ectorhinal (area ectorhinalis). Located primarily in the fusiform gyrus, with its medial boundary corresponding approximately to the rhinal sulcus. Cytoarchitecturally bounded laterally and caudally by the inferior temporal area 20, medially by the perirhinal area 35
39、and rostrally by the temporopolar area 38.37-occipitotemporal(areaoccipitotemporalis).Locatedprimarilyinthecaudalportionsofthefusiformgyrusandinferiortemporalgyrusonthemediobasalandlateralsurfacesatthecaudalextremeofthetemporallobe.Cytoarchitecturallyboundedcaudallybytheperistriatearea19,rostrallyby
40、theinferiortemporalarea20andmiddletemporalarea21anddorsallyonthelateralaspectofthehemispherebytheangulararea39.38-temporopolar(areatemporopolaris).Locatedprimarilyinthemostrostralportionsofthesuperiortemporalgyrusandthemiddletemporalgyrus.Cytoarchitecturallyboundedcaudallybytheinferiortemporalarea20
41、,themiddletemporalarea21,thesuperiortemporalarea22andtheectorhinalarea36.39-angular(areaangularis).Correspondstotheangulargyrussurroundingthecaudaltipofthesuperiortemporalsulcus.Dorsallyitisboundedapproximatelybytheintraparietalsulcus.Cytoarchitecturallyboundedrostrallybythesupramarginalarea40,dorsa
42、llyandcaudallybytheperistriatearea19,andventrallybytheoccipitotemporalarea37.40-supramarginal(areasupramarginalis).Locatedprimarilyinthesupramarginalgyrussurroundingtheposteriorascendinglimboflateralsulcus.Boundedapproximatelybytheintraparietalsulcus,theinferiorpostcentralsulcustheposteriorsubcentra
43、lsulcusandthelateralsulcus.Cytoarchitecturallyboundedcaudallybytheangulararea39,rostrallyanddorsallybythecaudalpostcentralarea2,andventrallybythesubcentralarea43andthesuperiortemporalarea22.41-anteriortransversetemporal(areatemporalistransversaanterior).Occupiestheanteriortransversetemporalgyrusinth
44、ebankofthelateralsulcusonthedorsalsurfaceofthetemporallobe.Cytoarchitecturallyboundedmediallybytheparainsulararea52andlaterallybytheposteriortransversetemporalarea42.42-posteriortransversetemporal(areatemporalistransversaposterior).Locatedinthebankofthelateralsulcusonthedorsalsurfaceofthetemporallob
45、e.Cytoarchitecturallyboundedmediallybytheanteriortransversetemporalarea41andlaterallybythesuperiortemporalarea22.43-subcentral(areasubcentralis).Occupiesthepostcentralgyrusandtheprecentralgyrusbetweentheventrolateralextremeofthecentralsulcusandthedepthofthelateralsulcusattheinsula.Itsrostralandcauda
46、lbordersareapproximatedbytheanteriorsubcentralsulcusandtheposteriorsubcentralsulcusrespectively.Cytoarchitecturallyboundedrostrallybytheagranularfrontalarea6andcaudally,forthemostpart,bythecaudalpostcentralarea2andthesupramarginalarea40.44-opercular(areaopercularis).Correspondsapproximatelytotheoper
47、cularpartoftheinferiorfrontalgyrus.Boundedcaudallybytheinferiorprecentralsulcusandrostrallybytheanteriorascendinglimboflateralsulcus.Itsurroundsthediagonalsulcus.Inthedepthofthelateralsulcusitbordersontheinsula.Cytoarchitectonicallyboundedcaudallyanddorsallybytheagranularfrontalarea6,dorsallybythegranularfrontalarea9androstrallybythetriangulararea45.45-triangular(areatriangularis).Occupiesthetriangularpartoftheinferiorfrontalgyrusand,surroundingtheanteriorhorizontallimboflateralsulcus,aportionoftheorbitalpartofinferiorfrontalgyrus.Boundedcaudallybytheanteriorascendinglimboflateralsulcus,
