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1、Blade Runner,Questioning Human Identities,Outline,General Questions IntroductionThe world of Blade Runner architecture and space The Replicants vs.Humans Scientists as“Fathers”the eyes fighting for survival and Replicants Reflections on human society Rachaels learning The Others:Gaff and the Animals
2、 in the film,Blade Runner,Minority Report&The Matrix,How are these three films similar to or different from one another?What postmodern issues do they each address?How does Blade Runner define human identity and human nature?Whats impressive about this film?,The Three Films”human”solutions to machin
3、es control,The Three Filmsthe Ambiguous,Reality,Lyotard The Postmodern Condition:Our task is to search for new presentations,not in order to enjoy them but to impart a stronger sense of the unpresentable(p.81),since“.it is our business not to supply reality but to invent allusions to the conceivable
4、 which cannot be presented.”What is“unpresentable”in our society?1)capitalist simulacra;2)reality as a matter of perception;3)memories and history4)the“human”?,The Three Films the Other Postmodern Issues,Introduction:,Philip K Dicks Novel and Ridley Scott,Philip K.Dicks Do Androids Dream of Electric
5、 Sheep?,Published in 1968(the period of anti-war movement)1992 San Francisco(the film)Los Angeles in 2019Philip K.Dick claimed that footage of the film was exactly what he had envisioned when he wrote the book.(source)Deckard in the novel“bounty hunter”kills more than two replicants.The question of
6、whether one can mistake human for replicant:Deckard mistakes for replicant his fellow bounty hunter Phil Resch,because“the man suffers from a condition called flattening of affect(which means a lack of emotion),something which can occur in people suffering from certain forms of mental illness or bra
7、in damage.”(source),Ridley Scott,Alien(1979)Thelma&Louise(1991)Gladiator(2000)Stunning visuals.His films often feature strong female characters?(source)The movie BR omits the religious and mythical elements of Dicks original novel(e.g.,empathy boxes and Wilbur Mercer),it falls more strictly within t
8、he cyberpunk genre than the novel does.William Gibson would later reveal that upon first viewing the film,he was surprised at how the look of this film matched his vision when he was working on Neuromancer.(source),The World of Blade Runner,Lack of Dynamic Social Fabric a Pastiche of Architectural S
9、tyles with signs of-(fake)signs of power-signs of decay and decrepitude-signs of the stereotypical“Oriental”placelessness;a global city,Places in the BR City,Center of Power Tyrell Corp(chap 7),Police Station Residences of Deckard(chap 11)and Sebastian(40:10)“Everyday Life”-Eating and Sex-Related En
10、tertainment:Streets and shopping areas(chap 4)China town:Chinese dragon in neon lighting Eye making place The Noodle BarLittle Tokyo:Animoid RowShopping arcade Snake Pit nightclub-a place for upper-class persons to slum it,smoke opium,watch exotic dancers Social Functions Degenerated No family conne
11、ctions or the other social functions.,Social Space Power Center,Tyrell Co.manufacturing replicants to serve as slaves in Off-World exploration and colonization.,Social Space Signs of Power,Tyrell Co.Egyptian pyramid-shaped Roman and Greek columnsOwl and some statues,Difficult access,etc.,Policemen a
12、nd the Police Station,Rep-Detect,a unit specifically created to cater for escaped Replicants.The other policemen,in the background.Not really powerful.,The more powerful-Commercials,High-tech+the stereotypical,Off-World:another Frontier for American Dream&Expansionism,Off-World colony:a golden land
13、of opportunity and adventure,complete with a new climate Slavery:“absolutely free.Use your new friend as a personal body servant or a tireless field hand-the custom tailored genetically engineered humanoid replicant designed especially for your needs.So come on America,lets put our team up there.”Th
14、ose on Earth:ethnic Minorities and the physically weak,The Residence:Pastiche of Styles,The Ennis-Brown House in the sytle of Mayan temple(location)the textile block,JF Sebastians:Bradbury Building,In the film and its everyday footage,source,JF Sebastians:Pastiche,Ornate Pillar vs.garbage capitalist
15、 societys rapid production of waste,The Other Side of Power,“Everyday Life”in a Post-Industrial City Artificially reproduced animals Over-Population,noise people of all races in Little Tokyo,Chinatown,etc.Raining all the time,Animoid Row,where all sorts of replicant animals can be purchased,and perh
16、aps repaired.This scene is very reminiscent of the Akihabara market in Tokyo(source),Chinatown messy and neon lights everywhere,Graffiti non-readable for Western audienceNeon light dragon,Replicants vs.Human,Definitions of Humanity search for the father and mother“proof”of identity fighting for surv
17、ival and Replicants Reflections on human society Rachael,Leon&Roy:Combat model Zhora:Kick murder squad(beauty and the beast)Priz:Basic pleasure model(for military clubs),Scientists as Fathers,Both isolated,powerful only with their“toys.”Chew-genetic designer of eyes Roy:If only you could see what Iv
18、e seen with your eyes J.F.Sebastian friendly and childlike Makes friends with toys and robots;“Theres some of me in you”to Roy;Suffers from a problem similar to that of the replicants:“Accelerated decrepitude.”,Scientists as Fathers,Tyrell cares only about business The Father-Son scene:Tyrell:The li
19、ght that burns twice as bright burns half as long.And you have burned so very very brightly,Roy.Look at you.Youre the prodigal son.Youre quite a prize!Roy:Ive done questionable things.Tyrell:Also extraordinary things.Revel in your time.Roy:Nothing the god of biomechanics wouldnt let you in heaven fo
20、r.Roy kisses Tyrell on the mouth.Tyrell screams as his eyes are gouged out.,Missing Mothers,The test of Leon:Describe in single words,only the good things that come in to your mind about:your mother.Leon:My mother?Holden:Yeah.Leon:Let me tell you about my mother.shot fired 2.Rachaels attempt(33:10)Y
21、ou think Im a replicant,dont you?pause Look,its me with my mother.,“Relative”Proofs of Identity,Empathy test Snake ScalePhotographs,Bryan&Tyrell complete lack of feelings(e.g.)Artificial snake How about Deckard?His photos put together with those of Leons.,Tyrellcreates the past to control,Tyrell una
22、ble to change Nexus 6,or unwilling to?The replicants lifespan has to be limited because they develop their own emotions.Commerce,is our goal here at Tyrell.More human than human is our motto.Rachael is an experiment,nothing more.We began to recognize in them strange obsessions.After all they are emo
23、tional inexperienced with only a few years in which to store up the experiences which you and I take for granted.If we give them the past we create a cushion or pillow for their emotions and consequently we can control them better.,Replicants:More human than human,Duplicating a duplicate.Ironically,
24、simulacra become the best possible“human”reality.,Blade Runner,“retirement”cruel and inhumanDeckard:kills two replicants;rescued twice by them.,Deckard,Cold.“Sushi.Thats what my ex-wife called me.Cold fish.”Kills to avoid being a victim.“Id quit because Id had a belly full of killing.But then Id rat
25、her be a killer than a victim.And thats exactly what Bryants threat about little people meant.”Equipped with a gun and machines;otherwise,he would not have been able to make it.,Machines to reconstruct space and identity,Voigt-Kampff machine administers an empathy test,a test device similar to a lie
26、 detector that measures emotional responses.Challenged by Rachael.ESPER-A high-density computer with a very powerful three-dimensional resolution capacity.Snake scale Zhora Only evidence of Zhoras presence,Eyes and its Implication,The False Mirror,1935 Seeing is Believing?,Eyes,Rachel:“He wont see m
27、e.”Surveillance machines,The replicants blue or brown eyes.Roy:Ive seen things.seen things you little peoplewouldnt believe.,Zhora challenges Deckard,Deckard:Well,like to get this job.I mean,did you do,or.or were you asked to do anything thats lewd or unsavory or otherwise,uh,repulsive to your perso
28、n,huh?Zhora:Ha.Are you for real?,The Death of Zhora,Exploited and Brutalized like the mannequins,The Death of Pris,Pris:likes Sebastian.Chap 28-A strong bond between her and Roy because both of their lives were running out at the same time.Pretends to be a doll.Like a doll electrically shocked.,Roy
29、appreciate and struggle for survival,Cites poetry-“Fiery the angels fell,Deep thunder rolled around their shore,Burning with the fires of Orc”(Blake“America:A Prophecy”)the last chase-and-run:“Not yet”drives a nail through his hand to keep his spirit up.“Six,seven.Go to hell,go to heaven.Deckard bre
30、aks off a pipe from the wall.hits Roys forehead like a bat.Yeah,thats the spirit.Deckard flees out a boarded window by kicking it.,Roy:Asks for Sympathy,Slavery:Quite an experience to live in fear,isnt it?Thats what it is to be a slave.Experience and Accepting Death:Ive seen things you people wouldn
31、t believe.Attack ships on fire off the shoulder of Orion.I watched C-beams glitter in the dark near Tannhauser Gate.All those moments will be lost in time.like tears in rain.Pause Time to die.,Roy:Shows Sympathy,Appreciates life at the end:“I dont know why he saved my life.Maybe in those last moment
32、s he loved life more than he ever had before.Not just his life,anybodys life,my life.All hed wanted were the same answers the rest of us want.Where did I come from?Where am I going?How long have I got?All I could do was sit there and watch him die.,Rachaels Survival,Chap 35 Completely passive;Deckar
33、d:Do you love me?Rachael:I love you.Deckard:Then trust me.Rachael:I trust you.Ending:OVshe has a longer lifespan,Chap 22To prove her humanity Deckard tries to kiss Rachel,but she heads for the door.Deckard stops her by force.then kisses Rachael.Deckard:Now you kiss me.Rachael:I cant rely on.Deckard:
34、Say kiss me.Rachael:Kiss me.Deckard:I want you.Rachael:I want you.Deckard:Again.Rachael:I want you.Put your hands on me.,Empathy Test,Remember when you were six?You and your brother snuck into an empty building through a basement window.you were gonna play doctor.He showed you his,but when it got to
35、 be your turn you chickened and ran.Remember that?You ever tell anybody that?Your mother,Tyrell,anybody,huh?You remember the spider that lived in a bush outside your window.orange body,green legs.Watched her build a web all summer.Then one day there was a big egg in it.The egg hatched.Rachael:The eg
36、g hatched.Deckard:Yeah.Rachael:.and a hundred baby spiders came out.And they ate her.(potential sign of her resistance),The Others:(1)Gaff,begins as an ambitious brown-noser,wanting to get a promotion in the police department.city-speak,guttertalk-a mishmash of Japanese,Spanish,German,The Others:(1)
37、Gaff,Shows sympathy for both Deckard and the replicants.Gaffs the origami paper-foldings 1)chicken when D has no choice;2)stick paper man in Leons room 3)unicorn,Unicorn rare and unique species,The Others Animals as signs of life,In this film,although we dont see real animals(except for a sight of s
38、ome ostriges),animals are used as icons with positive or negative implications for human characters and replicants.Negative:Leon=tortured like the Turtle in his empathy test.Zhora=artificial Snake and snake scale(associated with her job)Tyrell=artificial Owl(no real wisdom)Sebastian=Mouse(timid)Deckard=Sushi(raw fish-coldness)Positive:Roy=Wolf(his energy),Dove(peace)Rachael=unicorn Pris=Raccoon(playful)(reference:http:/),
