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1、修辞对商务英语写作的影响摘 要随着国际贸易的飞速发展,国际商务活动已经成为各国商务经济的主体内容。作为国际商务交际的载体,商务英语变得越来越广泛。商务英语被运用到商务活动的各个领域当中,从经济贸易活动到商务函件等文本书写,商务英语用语要求精准、严谨，商务英语既含有普通英语的语音、语调、语法、修辞等语言特征，又含有商务知识的运用。商务英语写作一种专门用途英语，具有其独特的特色，在谋篇布局，遣词造句等方面有着与普通英语不同的修辞特征。多传统语言学家指出在语言交际活动中要求说话人语言清楚准确,但是从商务英语交际实例中笔者总结发现在很多商务活动中,某一方为了达到目的,语言的表达却使用得含蓄模糊巧，语言
2、是人们进行交际的工具，修辞是在现实语境中人们为了实现会话目的而对语言灵活、有效的运用。商务英语写作的修辞特色在推销性商务信函、商务合同和商业广告的写作中更有巨大作用。商务英语写作中通过不同的修辞方法和修辞手段而达到的不同修辞效果进行了深入的对比研究，并运用了大量的实例加以佐证，指导读者更有效地进行商务英语书面交流。进一步研究商务英语的修辞特色能帮助不仅能提高我们商务英语写作水平，而且能使我们更有效、更成功地从事商务活动。正确理解商务英语写作的修辞方法，充分把握商务英语的法修辞特色，有助于提高学习者商务英语写作水平，加强其商务英语沟通能力。关键词：商务英语写作，写作技巧，修辞，修辞艺术。The
3、Impact of Rhetoric on Business English WritingABSTRACT Language is a tool for communication. The rhetoric is the art of using language effectively. Rhetorical Features play a more significant role on Business English writing in the promotion of business letters, business contracts and commercial adv
4、ertising. it mainly about Business English Writing principles, skills and rhetorical device, principle and Rhetorical Features on Business English Writing there is also some case study about Rhetoric used in business English writing which makes us understand it more easy .qt last, there will be some
5、 suggestions about Rhetorical Devices used in Business contracts, business correspondence and Business Advertising. Using different Rhetorical means to achieve the rhetorical effect of the different rhetorical depth comparative study, further study of the rhetorical features of Business English will
6、 help not only improve our business English writing skills, but enable us to more effectively and successfully engage in business activities. The impact of rhetoric on Business English writing is significant. Take full advantage of Rhetorical Features can improve our writing skills in business Engli
7、sh learners and enhance their business English communication skills .Rhetoric by the different methods and different rhetorical devices to achieve the rhetorical effect of in-depth comparative study, and use a lot of examples to support and guide readers to more effective business English written co
8、mmunication. Further study of the rhetorical features of Business English will help not only improve our business English writing skills, and enable us to more effectively and successfully engage in business activities. Business English writing correct understanding of the rhetorical use of methods
9、to fully grasp the rhetorical characteristics of the French business English, business English learners to help improve writing skills, strengthen their business English communication. KEY WORDS: Business English Writing, rhetoric, writing shills, rhetorical artContentsIntroduction1Chapter 1 the Imp
10、ortance of Business English Writing.21.1 The definition of Business English Writing21.2 Business English Writing Skills.31.3 Rhetoric of Business English Writing.5Chapter2 Rhetoric7 2.1 The definition of Rhetoric .7 2.2 Rhetoric Approaches8 2.3 Rhetorical Features on Business English Writing10Chapte
11、r 3 Cases study of Rhetoric on business English Writing.113.1 Cases analysis of Rhetoric device .113.2 Cases analysis of Rhetoric Spelling 143.3 Cases analysis of Rhetoric Lexical17Chapter4The Art of Rhetoric on Business English Writing.20 4.1 Rhetorical Devices used in Business contracts204.2 Rheto
12、rical Devices used in Business correspondence234.3 Rhetorical Devices used in Business Advertising.26Conclusion.29Acknowledgement.30Bibliography31IntroductionWith the rapid development of international trade, international business activity has become the main content of national business and econom
13、y. As a carrier of international business communication, business English is becoming increasingly widespread. Business English is applied to all areas of business which, from the economic and trade activities to business correspondence and other text writing, Business English language requirements
14、of accurate, precise, business English, both with ordinary English pronunciation, intonation, grammar, rhetoric and other linguistic features, but also with the use of business knowledge. Writing a Business English English for specific purposes, with its unique characteristics, rules and layout, wor
15、ding and phrasing, and so has the rhetoric and the different characteristics of ordinary English. More traditional communication activities in the language of linguists that the speaker called for clear and precise language, but examples from the business English communication, the author concluded
16、that in many business activities, a party in order to achieve the purpose, the expression of the language is too subtle and vague use of clever, Language is a tool for communication, the rhetoric is that people in the real context of the session in order to achieve the purpose of the language flexib
17、le and effective use. Rhetorical Features of Business English writing in the promotion of business letters, business contracts and commercial advertising in the writing of a more significant role. Business English Writing and Rhetoric by different means to achieve the rhetorical effect of the differ
18、ent rhetorical depth comparative study, and use a lot of examples to support and guide readers to more effective business English written communication. Further study of the rhetorical features of Business English will help not only improve our business English writing skills, and enable us to more
19、effectively and successfully engaged in business activities. Business English writing correct understanding of rhetoric, take full advantage of Rhetorical Features of Business English law, help to improve writing skills in business English learners to enhance their business English communication ski
20、lls.In the past, it was thought that a language was a system of linguistic symbols and students were requested to remember the words and grammar rules, so English reading was considered as a way for students to enlarge their vocabulary and enforce linguistic rules. On the other hands, the aim of Eng
21、lish teaching was to help students pass the exams. So teachers were paying close attention to the development of the students test-oriented abilities. Some students might get high marks in their tests, but lacked in the abilities to communicate. That is to say, students learned nothing but some word
22、s and grammar rules in English reading.Nowadays, with the development of society, science and technology develop at high speed and the competition in the society become sharp. Studies in the past have shown that the exam-oriented educational system promotes rote learning, and so that there needs to
23、be a paradigm shift in how students view education and about the way they learn. Most students read English materials only to pass exam and do not read for pleasure. Thus, after many year of learning English, some one even has not known that how important reading is.The following passage is talking
24、about the importance of fast reading, the bad reading habits and reading skills. Chapter 1 The Importance of Fast ReadingDuring our studies, nearly 80% of the knowledge is gotten through reading, learning, no matter at school or by oneself, most requires reading and reading is also one of the cheape
25、st and fastest methods of getting information.Fast reading is even more useful and important, especially in nowadays, in order to become well-learnt people that the society needs, most students long for extensive English reading, hoping to do preparation for the future job by this way. At the same t
26、ime, the purposes of students are to complete the studies and to obtain good results. In order to adapt to the demand of society and school, students treat seeking knowledge as the first duty. They relate themselves through fast reading and become the learned persons who can face the challenges of t
27、he society. Therefore, the motivation of the majority college students is definite. It is also obvious that the English reading materials to the electronic reading materials. The internet that opens another window for the students becomes the easiest tool to get information. Now the serious problem
28、is that students feel that they don not understand as much as slow readers, but actually there is little relationship between reading speed and comprehension slow readers usually put too much emphasis on single word and often slow down on some unfamiliar or new words. This will interfere with unders
29、tanding of the whole passage.Without a reasonable comprehension, fast reading is not significant, so teaching fast reading is a training process strengthening the memory and comprehension of reading in which the students are always required to comprehend the main idea and to remember the important d
30、etails of reading materials as quickly and accurately as possible.1.1 Some Bad Reading HabitsThere are many bad reading habits which should be overcome. These habits will slow down the students reading speed and cause low comprehension.1.1.1 Reading HabitsWhile reading, a fault that is often seen is
31、 pointing to the words with a finger, a pencil or something else. Pointing at words with something will slow down the reading speed and waste a lot of time. It will cause the reader not finish their paper in test, but will also cause the reader pay more attention to the main idea of article. Once ag
32、ain this habit is fostered; your attention and thoughts will be affected directly.Another common fault is the head movement. Some students move their heads when they are reading, as if they followed the words in a line by their heads, not by their eyes. This occurs very often when students are nervo
33、us about their reading or during a reading test. With movement of their heads, the students try to aim their noses at the words he is reading so that as he reads across the line his head turns slightly. Vocalization is a more serious problem; many readers form the words silently with their lips as t
34、hey read. Some readers whisper the words quietly rate. Because when you move your lips to pronounce words, you are forcing yourself to pay attention to words, not thoughts. At the same time, you limit your reading speed to the fastest talking speed, which is much slower than reading speed.The most d
35、ifficult of all types of vocalization is sub-vocalization. In sub-vocalization, there is no body movement, but within the students minds. He is saying each word to himself. That is to say, there is sound effect in his mind, both these fault will certainly slow down the reading speed and it can also
36、slow comprehension.Some people think that we read one word at a time, understand it and then go on to the next, other think that the eye glide over each word from left to right, then to the beginning of the next line. Because they are afraid of losing their place or, for some reason, feel more secur
37、e, when they take this measure as they read it.When the eyes are reading a line of print, they make a series of short meg jerky movement along the line. For a normal reader, each time his eye stopped, he sees a certain length of a sentence and this span is called the” span of recognition.” The span
38、of recognition for most readers is a little over one word, a phrase or ever more. Poor readers usually read word by word, their eyes stop at one word after another. The length of fixation for these readers is too short. So they make much more eye movements. It is easy to cause the eye tiredness. And
39、 also, too much emphasis put on individual word would interfere the understanding of the passage in general.1.1.2 Bad Reading HabitsA regression is a back ward movement along a line of a print .normally, your eyes progress in a left to right direction, seeing each word in the order in which it was w
40、ritten. Occasionally, your eyes will instead of moving to the next word, move backward to a word or already read. This moving backward is called regression. Students in this reading habit have insecure felling about the comprehension and can not concentrate themselves on reading. Sometimes a regress
41、ion will take the form of going back over a word or a phrase several times before going onto the next part of the line. When they meet new words or phrase, a regression is made more frequently. The frequent regression in reading, first it will slow reading speed, second it will interfere with good c
42、oncentration, it will affect good comprehension in a general way. Regression is a sign of poor reading. For this point, the students should select materials of average difficulties to read.Most of the students have the habits of looking up the dictionary or turning to the word list at the back of th
43、e textbook. Actually some new words do not constitute any obstacle to comprehending the general idea of the whole passage. Teachers should tell students that more dependence on dictionary will decrease their reading speed and interfere the overall understanding of the reading materials. It also affe
44、cts the reading speed and the reading quality, so the students should pay more attention this point.1.2 The Importance of Fast ReadingWhat we have mentioned above are we always face common problems during our reading. These problems will low the students reading speed. While low reading speed is an
45、obstacle to us in efficiency and having general grasp of the materials. Thus for our students and people preparing tests, it is very urgent to accelerate reading speed.Chapter 2 Reading SkillsReading rapidly is an essential skill for all students and it enables them to enlarge their knowledge. It is
46、 an ability that students need for their further education. In order to deal with a pile of books and the dull examinations, they need some skills in speed reading and a very good comprehension. How to improve the reading speed is become more and more important.2.1 Choosing Easy and Interesting Mate
47、rialsMany students try to increase their effective reading sped. But often they find that if they try to race through a passage faster they fail to remember what they are reading. The problem here is that the materials they are reading are too difficult for them both in vocabulary and in content, so
48、 the students should choose the suitable materials.During the times, choice reading is very important. For the beginning, the students should choose easy and interesting materials, reading books have many advantages, they can learn many words through reading books, in addition, they are able to broaden their views and know much knowledge from the books. For example, reading Chinese history books, they may know that the history of china. They can absorb the experience of the history. If they keen on playing computer,
