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1、Unit Five Key to ExercisesI. Comprehension Checki l.T 2.F 3.T 4.F 5.T 6.T 7.F 8.T 9.T 10.Tii l.B 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.D 6.D 7.C 8.B 9.A 10.Biii (略)Il. Vocabulary Studyi l. uniform2. distinguish/recognize3. ascertained4. recognized5. unique6. outlet7. tactile8. rigid9. secure10. acquisition11. fruitfull2. f
2、oundationii l. determined2. cumulative3. innate4. warped5. train6. underlie7. zest8. imposed9. precept10. a marked11. forbidding12. consistencyiii l. for2. for3. to4. in5. on6. on7. out8. as9. atl0. beyond11. in / atl2. Asl3. about, froml4. tol5. upIII. Cloze1.A 2. D 3.B 4.B 5. A 6. D 7. D 8.C 9.B l
3、0.All.C l2.C l3.A 14. D 15-B l6.D 17.C 18.A l9.B 20.A待添加的隐藏文字内容2lV. Translation.1. It is generally accepted that the upbringing of the child within the home is closely related to the education of the child in school.2. Jennifer is the chief of personnel for the New York Herald Tribune, where she is
4、also responsible for special editorial work in the field of public relations.3. It was two years ago that Jeff met Rose at his sisters birthday party. They have been communicating with each other by e-mail since then; the more Jeff knows Rose, the more he likes her.4. This new measure is effective n
5、ot only in providing job opportunities for the laid-off workers, but in limiting price increases.5. Similarly/Likewise, they insufficiently treated the political and economic background of the conspiracy.6. Tremendous capital input has met the needs of rapid economic growth on the one hand and has c
6、aused the inflation on the other.V. Writing Practice1. (5) Now they scan their list of events and decide which can be used and which must be discarded. (2) They begin by listing the events they plan to relate and arranging them in time order.(6) Before they go any further with their organization, th
7、ey decide what will determine the plane 2 sentences.(1) They usually jot down all of the events related to their subject.(8) After they have determined the planes of their ideas, they then revise and add any connectors that are necessary to the readers understanding of the narrative.(3) Next, they l
8、ook over the chronological listing and form a purpose for their paragraph (9) With the steps completed, they have a unified paragraph with the details arranged in time sequence.(4) At this point, they write the topic sentence and state the purpose as the controlling idea.(7) At the same time, they d
9、ecide what material is necessary to support these plane 2 sentences.Key to Supplementary ReadingsA 1. A 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. C B l.B 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.B 9.B 10.A.课文参考译文: 抚养孩子1. 人们一般认为孩子最初几年的经历对其性格以及以后个性的培养影响很大。每一种经历都会教给孩子一些东西，而且其影响也在日积月累。抚养通常指在家里对孩子的培养和锻炼；这和学校对孩子的培养和锻炼密切相关。二者之间的区别则在于学校所做的通常被称为“
10、教育”。在我们的社会里，家长与教师都要对孩子今后的发展负责，因而父母的抚养和学校的教育相辅相成、缺一不可。2. 由于各种文化间的差异，抚养和教育孩子的观念和做法不尽相同。一般说来，社会中农业所占的比重越大，抚养孩子的方法也就越相同。在科技更发达的社会里，童年和青少年时期往往大大延长，结果儿童就有更多的受教育的机会，儿童性格的发展就更多样化。3. 早期的家庭抚养自然受社会文化模式、父母自身能力和他们培养孩子目标的影响，同时不仅受到孩子抚养和教育的制约，还受孩子先天能力的制约。即使在同一个家庭里成长的孩子，其智力和性情都存在着巨大的差异。4. 父母可以通过阅读某些儿童教育领域的科技知识图书，也可以
11、通过与有孩子的亲朋好友比较抚养孩子的记录，来弄清楚孩子的体格发育、正常的智力和社交能力的发展是否正常，尽管后者由于实例较少而没有前者获得的知识更具可靠性。5. 然而有头脑的父母意识到每个家庭都有其独特的背景，不可能用严格的通用的模式来抚养孩子。在他们做决策和解决问题时，一般性的知识仅供他们参考。例如怎样帮助孩子克服语言缺陷、如何解决孩子学走路较晚或者控制身体功能方面的问题，这时他们需要的是具体的建议。从广义上讲，抚养问题是各自家庭内部关系的问题，首要的是孩子与父母在一起要有安全感，这取决于父母双方对待孩子的态度要一致。6. 所有的父母都要解决好自由和约束之间的关系。孩子越小，母亲就越要满足孩子
12、的需要以免使他失望。母亲知道如果孩子的能力不能发挥出来，他日后的发展将会受到阻碍。小孩子需要玩泥、玩沙和玩水，允许他把东西弄得乱七八糟，这是孩子发现期的触摸阶段。而后再给孩子一些玩具和图书，这些东西给孩子身体带来的快乐比较少。应该注意的是孩子的每个阶段都建立在圆满完成前期活动的基础之上。7. 孩子缺少某一个成长阶段或者没有充分经历该阶段的时候，他很有可能要重新经历这个时期来获取欠缺的经验。一个好的家庭应该尽量为孩子创造各种生活环境，给他玩发条汽车和玩具火车，如果需要的话可以让他玩到任何年龄段。实际上这种做法是心理疗法的基础，医生们常用它治疗孩子的心理障碍，也是儿童诊所工作的基础。8. 纪律教育
13、是从托儿所开始的，即使最小的婴儿也要逐步教育他学会等待食物，按规定时间睡觉或起床。如果这个孩子感到他周围的世界温暖而友好，他就会慢慢接受这种教育，使自己的行为与这种要求相吻合。学会等待，尤其等待食物，这是抚养期的一个重要内容。在孩子还未懂得之前，不能对他们提出太多要求，只有这样，他们才能成功学会等待。9. 每一个父母都会怀着急切的心情去观察孩子掌握的各种技能，如会说的第一句话、会走的第一步或者会读会写的第一个字。他们常常希望孩子能超常发展，但是这往往增加了孩子的失败感和内心焦虑，而这种情况有可能发生在任何成长阶段。有的父母可能强迫孩子过早地自己上厕所，要求孩子阅读一些他根本不理解的东西。但是另
14、一方面，如果一个孩子长期无人理会或失去学习的机会，他就会失去对生活的天生的热情和自己发现新事物的渴望。10. 共同学习是父母与孩子关系绵延的成功的源泉。通过共同玩耍，父母更了解孩子，孩子也能向父母学到更多的东西。共同玩的玩具和共同做的游戏都是帮助取得这种合作的途径，积木、拼板与字谜就是很好的例子。11. 父母对待孩子的严格要求和溺爱程度有很大差别，有些父母可能在花钱方面要求特别严格，其他的则对晚上回家的时间、能否准时用餐或个人卫生方面比较苛求。总之，这种控制代表着父母的需要、社会的价值、孩子自己的幸福与健康。12. 至于如何培养成长中孩子的道德规范问题，重要的是，家长在教育中要言行一致、朝令夕
15、改不利于孩子的道德培养，父母应该懂得“身教重于言教” 的道理。如果他们口是心非，言行不一，孩子就会变得无所适从，没有安全感，甚至在某种程度上有一种被欺骗的感觉。如果孩子突然意识到，在父母的品行和他们的信奉的道德之间存在着明显差距，孩子就会失望，这是很危险的。Editors note: Judson Jones is a meteorologist, journalist and photographer. He has freelanced with CNN for four years, covering severe weather from tornadoes to typhoons.
16、Follow him on Twitter: jnjonesjr (CNN) - I will always wonder what it was like to huddle around a shortwave radio and through the crackling static from space hear the faint beeps of the worlds first satellite - Sputnik. I also missed watching Neil Armstrong step foot on the moon and the first space
17、shuttle take off for the stars. Those events were way before my time.As a kid, I was fascinated with what goes on in the sky, and when NASA pulled the plug on the shuttle program I was heartbroken. Yet the privatized space race has renewed my childhood dreams to reach for the stars.As a meteorologis
18、t, Ive still seen many important weather and space events, but right now, if you were sitting next to me, youd hear my foot tapping rapidly under my desk. Im anxious for the next one: a space capsule hanging from a crane in the New Mexico desert.Its like the set for a George Lucas movie floating to
19、the edge of space.You and I will have the chance to watch a man take a leap into an unimaginable free fall from the edge of space - live.The (lack of) air up there Watch man jump from 96,000 feet Tuesday, I sat at work glued to the live stream of the Red Bull Stratos Mission. I watched the balloons
20、positioned at different altitudes in the sky to test the winds, knowing that if they would just line up in a vertical straight line we would be go for launch.I feel this mission was created for me because I am also a journalist and a photographer, but above all I live for taking a leap of faith - th
21、e feeling of pushing the envelope into uncharted territory.The guy who is going to do this, Felix Baumgartner, must have that same feeling, at a level I will never reach. However, it did not stop me from feeling his pain when a gust of swirling wind kicked up and twisted the partially filled balloon
22、 that would take him to the upper end of our atmosphere. As soon as the 40-acre balloon, with skin no thicker than a dry cleaning bag, scraped the ground I knew it was over.How claustrophobia almost grounded supersonic skydiverWith each twist, you could see the wrinkles of disappointment on the face
23、 of the current record holder and capcom (capsule communications), Col. Joe Kittinger. He hung his head low in mission control as he told Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted.The supersonic descent could happen as early as Sunday.The weather plays an important role in this mission. St
24、arting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher
25、 than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause), he can expect a lot of turbulence.The balloon will slow
26、ly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet (22.7 miles/36.53 kilometers). Here, Fearless Felix will unclip. He will roll back the door.Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic diving platform.Below, the Earth becomes the concrete bottom of a swimming pool
27、 that he wants to land on, but not too hard. Still, hell be traveling fast, so despite the distance, it will not be like diving into the deep end of a pool. It will be like he is diving into the shallow end.Skydiver preps for the big jumpWhen he jumps, he is expected to reach the speed of sound - 69
28、0 mph (1,110 kph) - in less than 40 seconds. Like hitting the top of the water, he will begin to slow as he approaches the more dense air closer to Earth. But this will not be enough to stop him completely.If he goes too fast or spins out of control, he has a stabilization parachute that can be depl
29、oyed to slow him down. His team hopes its not needed. Instead, he plans to deploy his 270-square-foot (25-square-meter) main chute at an altitude of around 5,000 feet (1,524 meters).In order to deploy this chute successfully, he will have to slow to 172 mph (277 kph). He will have a reserve parachut
30、e that will open automatically if he loses consciousness at mach speeds.Even if everything goes as planned, it wont. Baumgartner still will free fall at a speed that would cause you and me to pass out, and no parachute is guaranteed to work higher than 25,000 feet (7,620 meters).It might not be the
31、moon, but Kittinger free fell from 102,800 feet in 1960 - at the dawn of an infamous space race that captured the hearts of many. Baumgartner will attempt to break that record, a feat that boggles the mind. This is one of those monumental moments I will always remember, because there is no way Id miss this.
