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1、,短文改错导与练,通过下面一例题来归纳解题的基本步骤 NMET2003,When I first learned to write in English,I ran into many 1._ difficulties.The main problem was in that I always thought 2._ in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English.3_ My teacher advised me to keep my diary,I followed her 4._ advice and should put d
2、own 100 words or so each day.5._ Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was 6_ learning to express me in simple English.One day I wrote 7._ a little story and showed to my teacher.She liked it 8._ very much and reads it to the class.All said the story was 9._ a good one.Their word were a
3、 great encouragement to me.10._,in,-,-,everything,a,should,-,talking,-,myself,it,-,read,-,words,一、基本步骤,1、通读全文，了解大意 很多同学在做题时习惯一开始就急每行中找错误，结果往往不仅没有找出错误，反而又犯了新错。短文改错这一题型不只是单纯地考查改正句法、词法等语法错误，而是在改错的同时考查学生的阅读能力。因此必须先通读全文，在了解全文的前提下答题。,10,2、初步判断，找出明显的错误,有些错误比较明显，阅读后容易找出。例如Tomorrow they will visit a American
4、 family._,2,an,_,3、逐句分析，找出隐含的错误,短文改错题中一个较长的句子可能被分成两行或三行，因此不能只看一行，而应分析整个句子，找出词法或语法结构中的错误并逐一改正。,35,4、从上下文逻辑关系入手，仔细推敲,有的错误从语法结构上看是正确的，但通过上下文联系起来看，就会发现错误。Perhaps you could come during the winter holidays.Mr.Smith will also go back for Christmas._,-,come,6,5、复读全文，核查答案,做完短文改错题应该再通读全文，以核查答案的准确性。看改后的文章是否有语法
5、错误，是否符合英语习惯等，进行综合判断与考虑，以求答案的正确,2001-2005高考短文改错题材及体裁统计表,2001-2005高考短文改错设疑方式统计表,2001-2005高考短文改错错题考点分布统计表,项目,年份,常见常考错误,一.名词.动词类二.形容词.副词和代词类三.介词.连词和冠词四.小品类词,一、名词和动词类,（一）区别名词的可数和不可数（二）名词和代词在使用时，其单复数形式往往要前后对照，保持数和格的一致（三）动词的错误主要在时态、语态、主谓一致和非谓语形式,(一）区别名词的可数和不可数,1、On the way up I was busy taking picture sinc
6、e the scenery was so beautiful.NMET2002 _2、，but after class we become stranger at once.2004全国卷 _ 3、There are advantage for students to work while studying at school.2005年全国卷 _,_,_,_,pictures,strangers,advantages,（二）名词和代词在使用时，其单复数形式往往要前后对照，保持数和格的一致,1、And every year more and more people start a stamp
7、collection of your own2004浙江卷 _2、Some students may also save up for our college or future use.2005全国卷 _3.I looked at the orange drink and decided I couldnt face them(2005天津）_4.It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain.The three of them were excited.NMET2002 _,_,_,_,_,their,their,
8、it,us,（三）动词的错误主要在时态、语态、主谓一致和非谓语形式,1、During the World Cup in 2002,my dad stays up late just to watch his favorite sport.2005年浙江卷 _2、She liked it very much and reads it to the class.NMET2003 _3、Charles and Linda were seeing near the top of the building.NMET1993 _4、For the most part,students working to
9、 earn money for their own use.2005年全国卷 _,_,_,_,_,stayed,read,seen,work,5、Earning their money allow them to spend2005全国._6.Losing in thought,he almost ran into a car in front of him _7.When speaking,you must make yourself hear._8.I managed to catch the train.But when I got to the station.The train ha
10、d left._,_,_,_,_,allows,Lost,heard,tried,主谓语人称和数的一致是一个非常重要的语法问题，应根据不同的人称和数选择不同的动词形式,1、Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library.NMET2002 _2、Everyone else,besides his father and mother,were excited._3.One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out.(2004福建）_,_,_,
11、_,are,was,were,时态一致错误主要出现于主从复合句中,1、One of them was that they can earn money.2005全国卷 _2.I get a good education.They did not want me to do anything at home;they want me to devote all my time to my studiesNMET2000 _3.I was busy taking picturesThe time passes quickly.Evening came.NMET2002 _,_,_,_,could,
12、do,passed,二、形容词、副词和代词类,1、I would describe myself as shy and quietly.2004全国卷 _2、I live in Beijing,where is the capital of China.NMET1997 _3、as I was learning to express me in simple English.NMET2003 _4、Football is not too badly as long as I watch it with my dad!2005年浙江卷 _5、You are very more beautiful
13、 than before._6The film is very wonderful._7.We are trying to improve better our living condition._9.Would you please repeat again what you said just now._,_,_,_,_,_,quiet,which,myself,bad,much,very,better,again,英语中的修饰成分各有各的特点：一般是形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词，在系动词后形容词作表语。应区别是形容词还是副词；分辨代词的主格、宾格、所有格和反身代词形式，形容词性物主代词和
14、名词性物主代词,三、介词、连词和冠词类,1、and my dad explained for the rules.2005浙江卷 _2、but we do not seem to get much time to talk about together.NMET2001 _3、They would have to ask their parents for money or for permission to do things by the money.2005全国卷 _4、We invited him to go with us and he refused._5、It looks as
15、if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guestNMET2001 _,for,about,with,but,or,_,_,_,6、They asked us that whether they could help us._ 7、My teacher advised me to keep my diary,NMET2003 _8、We may be one family and live under a same roofNMET2001 _9.When I walked into the classroom,the teacher was han
16、ding in the tests.(2005湖南）_10.The girl never speaks until spoken._,that,a,the,to,_,_,_,out,四、小品词类to为不定式小品词，不能随意增减,1、Some students may also to save up for 2005 _2、They will do all they can make sure that I get a good education.NMET2001 _3、She stopped look out of the window and2004福建卷 _,to,to,to,Pract
17、ise:1.Work is pleasure to me.,a,有些不可数名词（如beauty,tea,ice,coffee,youth,pleasure,success,failure,surprise等），表示“一种”、“一个”、“一杯”时，应加上a或an.,2.They eager to know everything about China.3.Dont late for school.4.It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home.5.Ill spend t
18、he whole weekend reading and prepare for it.6.Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit.,were,be,_,drive,_,preparing,_,gives,7.During his stay in Beijing,his uncle accompanied with him.8.We listened to,but heard nothing.9.The Smi
19、ths did his best to make me feel at home.10.And they must mot break the rules too oftenif we want to win the game.11.Seated himself in a chair,Mr.Smith began tolook through the evening paper and suddenly he heard a knock at the door.12.It began to rain,they have to stop.13.Whenever I see the photo,I
20、 will always thinkof my foreign English teacher.14.He masters English well.15.None of us knows who the old man depends.,_,their,_,we,_,Seating,and,on,16.Many people are worried about the possibility the computer will control the mankind.17.You are required to write your story with yourown words.18.His mother took pride of his great Achievements19.They do not want me to do any work at family.20.For the most part,students working to earnMoney for their own use.,that,_,in,_,in,_,home,_,work,Thank you for your attending,
