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1、18,Processed Tomato Products Situation and Outlook in Selected CountriesProduction of tomatoes for processing in 11 major producing countries in 2002 isforecast at 22.3 million tons,up 9 percent from 2001.The increase was attributedmainly to a 22-percent increase in U.S.output as well as increases i
2、n Turkey(up 12percent)and Portugal(up 6 percent).Production of tomato paste in selectedcountries,excluding the United States,in 2002/03 is forecast at 1.35 million tons,unchanged from last year,due mostly to continued abundant supplies and lowerprices.Production of canned tomato pack in selected cou
3、ntries in 2002/03 isforecast at 2 million tons,down 2 percent from last year,due to an expected drop inproduction in both Italy and Greece.During this same period,exports of tomatopaste from selected countries are forecast at 928,000 tons,up 8 percent from2001/02,while exports of canned tomato pack
4、are forecast at 1.01 million tons,up 2percent from 2001/02.GLOBAL PRODUCTION&TRADEWorld production of tomatoes for processing is expected to reach 22.3 million tons in 2002/03,up 9percent from the previous year.The United States produces approximately 46 percent of all the tomatoesfor processing pro
5、duced worldwide.The top four producers in 2001/02 are the United States(10.1 million tons),Italy(4.7 million tons),Spain(1.45 million tons)and Turkey(1.45 million tons).Other key producers include Brazil,Portugal,and Chile.World Production of Tomatoes for ProcessingMillion MT121086420,1999,2000,2001
6、,2002,U.S.,Italy,Spain,Turkey,Brazil,Other,Source:USDA/FAS Agricultural Attach Reports,July 2002,World Horticultural Trade&U.S.Export Opportunities,19,Production of canned tomato pack in selected countries in 2002/03 is forecast at 2 million tons,down 2percent from last year,due to an expected drop
7、in production in both Italy and Greece.Duringthis same period,exports of tomato paste from selected countries are forecast at 928,000 tons,up 8percent from 2001/02,while exports of canned tomato pack are forecast at 1.01 million tons,up 2percent from 2001/02.,(000)MT,Top Tomato Paste Exporters,Italy
8、 Dominates the World CannedTomatoes Export Market,1,0009008007006005004003002001000,(000)MT10009008007006005004003002001000,Exports of Canned Tomatoes,2000/01,2001/02,2002/03,2000/01,2001/02,2002/03,Italy Greece Portugal U.S.Chile Spain,Italy,U.S.,Spain,Greece,Western HemisphereUnited StatesProducti
9、on of processing tomatoes under contract in 2002 is estimated at 10.1 million tons,up 22 percentfrom 2001.The increase in output is due mainly to a major increase in area planted caused by smallercarryover of stocks and higher wholesale prices for tomato products during the marketing year.The bulk o
10、fU.S.tomatoes for processing are for tomato paste output.U.S.Contribution to World Production,Million MT302520151050,of Processed Tomato Products,1998/99,1999/00,2000/01,2001/02,2002/03,July 2002,WorldSource:USDA Agricultural Attach Reports,United States,World Horticultural Trade&U.S.Export Opportun
11、ities,20,California accounts for about 95 percent of the U.S.processing tomato crop.As of May 15,Californiastomato processors reported they have or will have contracts for 9.53 million tons of processing tomatoesfor 2002.This production is 23 percent more than the contracted production of last year.
12、Planted area forcontracted production is expected to rise 11 percent from last year to 114,121 hectares.Due to excellentweather conditions,processors are expecting a high yielding crop.,(000)MT160140120100806040200,U.S.Exports of ProcessedTomato Products,(000)MT80706050403020100,U.S.Imports of Proce
13、ssedTomato Products,1997/98,1998/99,1999/00,2000/01,1997/98,1998/99,1999/00,2000/01,Canned TomatoesTomato Paste,KetchupTomato Sauce,Canned TomatoesTomato Paste,KetchupTomato Sauce,Source:U.S.Census BureauMexicoProduction of tomatoes for processing in 2002 is forecast at 96,000 tons,down 30 percent f
14、rom an earlierforecast,mainly due to a reduction in planted area.The reduction is attributed to less utilization from theprocessing industry,decreased international demand,and lower world prices.Tomato paste production inMexico in 2002/03(March to February)is forecast at 11,000 tons,down 22 percent
15、from the revisedvolume in 2001.As in previous years,world supplies continue to be very high and costs of productioncontinues to rise.Industry experts claim that importing tomato paste from the United States,China,andChile is less expensive than producing in Mexico,thus forcing Mexican companies to r
16、educe production.The situation has become so critical that some companies have completely stopped production andimportation of tomato paste for processing into other products.Mexicos possibilities of increasing its tomato paste exports have dwindled as the United States hasincreased tomato paste exp
17、orts.In addition,Chinas access to the international market,with high levels ofproduction,has lowered international prices.As the industry finds that it is more profitable to import tomatopaste,exports for 2002 are forecast to decrease further.The main markets for Mexican tomato paste arestill the Un
18、ited States and South America.Tomato paste imports for 2002 are expected to increase to meetthe expected demand from the domestic market,as the industry faces a decrease in production andinternational prices remain low.,July 2002,World Horticultural Trade&U.S.Export Opportunities,21,BrazilProduction
19、 of tomatoes for processing in 2002 is forecast at 1.27 million tons,up 2 percent from the revisedlevel in the previous year.Sales and associated prices of the 2001 crop were considerably better thanduring the previous year,thereby encouraging producers to increase acreage and production.Increasedsu
20、ccess in fighting pests in the Bahia region should also contribute to the production increase.New higher-yielding tomato varieties are also expected to further boost yields and production.Nearly all of Brazilsprocessing tomatoes are made into paste.Output of tomato paste in 2002 is forecast at 130,0
21、00 tonsunchanged from the previous year.Historically,the majority of Brazilian imports of tomato products are in the form of tomato paste,which isused to supplement domestic production and is further processed in Brazil into consumer-ready sauces andother similar products.In the past,the vast majori
22、ty of Brazilian imports of tomato products have comefrom Chile,as they are the largest and most efficient producer in the region.Imports of most tomatoproducts dropped considerably in 1999 due to the January 1999 devaluation of the Brazilian currencyincreased the cost of imported products.The United
23、 States is the leading supplier of ketchup to Brazil.ChileProduction of tomatoes for processing in 2002 is forecast at 935,000 tons,down 4 percent from 2001,duelargely to lower-than-expected tomato quality as a result of adverse weather conditions.Tomatoes forprocessing in Chile are planted from mid
24、-September through December and harvested from January 10 toApril 15.Output of tomato paste in 2002 is forecast at 102,000 tons,down 8 percent from 2001.Thisdrop is due in part to the lower-than-expected output of tomatoes for processing.Mediterranean AreaProduction of tomatoes for processing in 200
25、2 in the major producing countries in the European Union(EU)is forecast at 8.3 million tons,about the same as the previous year.Under the reformed commonmarket organization(CMO)for fruits and vegetables of 2001,the minimum price for fresh tomatoes to beprocessed is no longer applicable.The producer
26、organizations and the processors now set this price.Onlytomatoes delivered by a producer organization and corresponding to some quality standards will getsubsidies from the EU.Subsidies are now paid directly to growers through the producer organizations andreduced proportionally if production exceed
27、s the national quota.Compensations are possible when otherEU countries processing tomato production falls below their national quotas.This new system seems tofavor processors because they will not have to pay a fixed minimum price to growers in order to receive aprocessing subsidy.In addition,the pr
28、ocessors will be free to purchase processing tomatoes from whateversource they chose,including from foreign markets.SpainProduction of tomatoes for processing in 2002 is forecast at 1.45 million tons,down slightly from 2001.Improvement in mechanization,as well as new varieties and technologies,are i
29、ncreasing yields and,July 2002,World Horticultural Trade&U.S.Export Opportunities,22,productivity.Production of canned tomatoes under the new CMO reforms for processing tomatoes will belocated more and more in Extramadura,a region in western Spain where land and water are abundant.The market price f
30、or tomatoes for processing was about$47.30 per ton in marketing year 2001/02.Farmers and processors have agreed to a price of$45.75 per ton for marketing year 2002/03.Besides thismarket price,farmers will also receive a EU subsidy of$28.60 per ton of fresh tomatoes for processing intopaste or most o
31、ther tomato products and$31.30 per ton for processing into whole peeled tomatoes.Atthese rates,farmers delivering to processors receive about 60 percent of their income from the market andthe remaining 40 percent from EU subsidies.If the production quotas for processing were removed,Spaincould incre
32、ase production dramatically.Despite the penalty of 10 percent in the subsidy for processingtomatoes(other than whole peeled tomatoes)the production for processing remains profitable.In calendar year 2001,exports of tomato paste declined by 20 percent compared to the previous year.Imports of tomato p
33、aste remained stable,as a spike in imports from China was offset by a decline fromother suppliers.Spanish processors are very concerned about imports from China,which they believe willbecome a very strong competitor in the next few years.Imports of whole peeled tomatoes declineddramatically due to l
34、ower local consumption.Most exports of canned tomatoes and tomato paste went toother EU countries.Exports of canned tomatoes to the United States rose by 20 percent in 2001.PortugalProduction of tomatoes for processing in 2002 is forecast at 972 million tons,up six percent from 2001.Yields for 2001/
35、02 averaged 78 mt/hectare,20 percent above last year,due to a combination of goodweather plus some rains over the whole season.Crop quality and color is reportedly very good.Inaddition,industrial yields and quality are also reported to be good,although the average solid content in thecrop is conside
36、red normal.Roughly 80 percent of total production in Portugal is produced in the Ribatejo eOeste and the Algarve areas.Most of the tomatoes for processing are produced on small 5-10 hectareplots.However,the structure of the industry is changing,and an estimated 50 percent of all tomato areas(6,000 h
37、ectares)now consist of larger-scale plots with new direct-seeding technologies.All areas areirrigated.While the low cost of rural labor is one advantage that the Portuguese sector enjoys,costs ofother inputs(especially land cost)are reported to be much higher than in the rest of the EU.Exports of to
38、mato paste are estimated at 124,000 tons in 2001,slightly above the previous years level.The main export market continues to be the EU followed by Japan.Sales to the United States are minimal.Processors in Portugal are very concerned about the large increase of Chinese products being importedinto th
39、e EU.Although the quality is reportedly mixed,Portuguese processors believe that the quality ofChinese products will improve in the near future.Processors are already contemplating new products toreplace the production of tomato paste.GreeceProduction of tomatoes for processing in 2002 is forecast a
40、t 880,000 tons,down 9 percent from a yearago,due largely to a decrease in planted area.Production of tomato paste in Greece in 2002 is forecast at,July 2002,World Horticultural Trade&U.S.Export Opportunities,23,134,000 tons,down 8 percent from 2001.Only 17 plants will process tomato paste during the
41、 2002season compared to 38 plants in 2000.Most of the plants are located in Macedonia,Thrace,andThessaly.The reduced number of operating plants reflects the financial problems of the Greek tomato pasteindustry.Canned tomato production in 2002 is forecast at 28,400 tons,down 10 percent from 2001,duem
42、ostly to large 2001 ending stocks and low world prices.Countries such as China and Israel are enteringthe market with extremely low prices.At the same time,recent changes in EU policies have causedreductions in the support price paid to growers from$.07/kg to$.02/kg today.This development hascontrib
43、uted to farmers fears that their income from industrial tomatoes will be reduced.Most processingtomato farmers are trying to increase their income by utilizing part of their land resources for crops otherthan tomatoes,such as cotton,cucumber,onions,and corn.The foreign demand for tomato paste at pre
44、sent is low because of large world production levels in recentyears.At present,prices for the 2002 crop product are approximately the same as last year and Greekproducers have already proceeded with advanced sales to their traditional buyers.FranceProduction of tomatoes for processing in 2002 is for
45、ecast at 297,000 tons,down slightly from 2001 as aresult of a decrease in subsidy for French tomato growers.In Europe,France is a minor producer ofprocessed tomato products,with 4 percent of the total European production.The EU threshold for Franceset in 2001 by the EU under CMO for fruits and veget
46、ables was 401,500 tons of fresh tomatoes.Production of tomato paste accounts for the bulk of processed tomatoes in France.In 2002,output ofpaste is forecast at 42,200 tons,unchanged from the previous year.Production of canned tomatoes for thesame period is forecast at 5,900 tons,also unchanged from
47、2001.France is a minor producer of processedtomato products and continues to be a net importer of both canned tomatoes and tomato paste.There isalmost no trade between the United States and France for these products.ItalyProduction of tomatoes for processing in 2002 is forecast at 4.7 million tons,u
48、p slightly from the previousyear,due to an increase in yields.Since 2001,the Italian national production quota was set at 4.35 milliontons.That means that Italian processing tomato output exceeded the quota by over 350,000 tons,includingtomato juice.Under the new EU tomato system,growers in 2002 wil
49、l receive$32/ton,down slightly fromthe previous year.Subsidies are now paid directly to growers through producer organizations and reducedproportionally if production exceeds the national quota.Compensations are possible when other EUcountries processing tomato production falls below their national
50、quotas.This occurred in 2001 andtherefore the situation permitted a reduction to the cut in Italian subsidies.Italian exports of tomato products continue to increase.Prices of Italian tomato exports remainedcompetitive in the international market due to a large domestic supply.Most Italian exports,e
