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1、Use of an International Standard for Communications on DER Networks,Jos Miguel Yarza Narro ZIV(Spain)December 4,2006Napa Valley,CA(USA),Part 1:IEC 61850.Communication Networks and Systems in Substations,The Standard:Why and how,Integration of all functions within the substation(data access,remote co
2、ntrol,synchronization,).Peer-to-peer communication.Fast signals(time requirements for protection).Interoperability.High integrity and security.Universal adoption.,IEC 61850:New Requirements and Targets,Solution is IEC 61850.More than a protocol,Normalization of communication within the substation Lo
3、gical interfaces:Peer-to-peer communication at substation level Data models directed at interoperability:All objects within substation have their model All devices are self descriptive All devices can access to data within the others Physical interfaces between devices:LAN concept Dynamic requiremen
4、ts:GOOSE/GSSE Engineering:SCL supports and simplifies specification and configuration Maintenance of the standard:Compatibility with future extensions Security:TC57 WG15,IEC 61850:Novel Concepts,Support for every function required in substation automatization Chance to assign freely functions to the
5、 different devices and levels within substation:Custom-designed automatization architectures(requirements,operation philosophy and type of installations)Abstract interface:Independence of the evolution in communications technology Procedures to extend and create new data objects:Interoperability wit
6、h future extensions of the system Universally developed and supported Formal descriptive language(XML)for data interchange within substation:Simplifies engineering works and guaranties interoperability between manufacturers Replacement of conventional substation wiring.Communication system supports
7、the functions:Reliability EMC requirements,IEC 61850:Benefits,IEC 61850:Current Standard&Extensions,Extension of IEC 61850 to other areas:Power Quality(IEC 61850,TC57 WG10)Wind Turbine Systems(IEC 61400-25,TC88 PT25)Hydroelectric Power Plants(IEC 62344,TC57-WG18)Distributed Energy Resources(IEC 6235
8、0,TC57-WG17)Communication between substations(TC57-WG19)Communication between control centers and substations(TC57-WG19),Multi-manufacturer substations:Pilot project(R&D):InterUCA(SE Gernika-Spain)SE Ciudad Universitaria(Spain),SE WF La Venta II(Mxico),IEC 61850:Interoperability Experiences,Part 1:I
9、EC 61850.Communication Networks and Systems in Substations,Information Model:Basic Concepts,IEC 61850:Object Models,Object Models are standardized formats or templates for exchanging data between different equipment or systems.Standard object models,combined with standard service models(methods for
10、sending the data,e.g.report-by-exception,periodic,control commands)and standard protocols(the bits and bytes actually send over the communication channel),permit different systems to interact with minimal customization and greater interoperability.The combination of object model,service model,and pr
11、otocol profiles can be termed the“information model”,IEC 61850 uncouples applications and communications,making use of ACSI(Abstract Communication Service Interface),with application objects and services.ACSI is mapped to the available services on application layer,making use of“Specific Communicati
12、on Service Mapping”(SCSM).,IEC 61850:ACSI.General Concepts,Basic Reference Model,IEC 61850:ACSI.General Concepts,Communication Mapping,APPLICATION,Basic communication structure for substation and feeder equipment:Part 7-2:Abstract communication service interface(ACSI)ACSI descriptionAbstract communi
13、cation services specificationData base structure model Part 7-3:Common data classesCommon data classes and related attributes Part 7-4:Compatible logical node classes and data classesLogical node classes and data classes definitions,IEC 61850:ACSI.General Concepts,IEC 61850:Basic Conceptual Class Mo
14、del,SERVER ASSOCIATION LOGICAL-DEVICE(LD)LOGICAL-NODE(LN)DATAEach model is defined as a“class”,including attributes and services.,Data Set SETTING-GROUP-CONTROL-BLOCK REPORT-CONTROL-BLOCK and LOG-CONTROL-BLOCK Control blocks for generic substation event(GSE)Control blocks for transmission of sampled
15、 values fast and cyclic transfer of samples Control services Time and time synchronization File transfer,IEC 61850:Conceptual Service Model,IEC 61850:Modeling Approach,Logical Device Protection,Logical Device Control,Info.about LD(LLN0),Info.about LD(LLN0),Info.about Physical Device(LPHD),Info.about
16、 Physical Device(LPHD),Communication network,LN PIOC,LN MMXU,LN PTOC,LN PTRC,LN XCBR,LN XSWI1,LN XSWI2,LN CSWI,IEC 61850:Hierarchy,Mapping to a Standard Protocol,Abstract Common Services,Logical Devices(LD),Logical Nodes(LN),Data Objects(DO),Common Data Classes(CDC),Common Attributes,Standard Data T
17、ypes,IEC 61850 Model,Example of IED,Feeder Protection,Measuring:LN MMXU,Data:PhV.phsA,Complex measured value:CMV,Value,quality,time stamp,Integer,Boolean,Buffered Report,MMS,XML,Part 2:IEC 61850 Part 7-420 DER Logical Nodes,Draft IEC 62350 Tentatively to be renumbered as IEC 61850 Part 7-420,57/818/
18、CDVDate of circulation:2006/04/28Closing date for voting:2006/09/29Committee Draft for Vote(CDV1),Communications Systems for Distributed Energy Resources(DER)Part IEC 61850 Part 7-420 DER Logical Nodes,IEC 61850 Part 7-420:Notes to the first Committee Draft for Vote(CDV1),No implementations or pilot
19、 projects have actually used the objects other than in two mapping laboratory tests.Therefore,these object models are not yet field-validated.In this first CDV,DER systems as a whole,and the“energy conversion”technologies of reciprocating engines(piston engines),fuel cells,and photovoltaic systems h
20、ave been addressed in full.CHP has been tentatively addressed,but requires significant review by CHP experts.A number of Logical Nodes for metering and physical measurements are being proposed,but these will be reviewed in a larger context since they are not DER-specific.A number of DER technologies
21、 have not been addressed at all yet.The decision was made not to wait on these other DER technologies before submitting the document for review,in order to get this basic information out to reviewers.The working group would like to get substantive feedback on these object models.,IEC 61850 Part 7-42
22、0:Scope,Specification of the object models of DER information that can be exchanged between DER devices and any systems which monitor,control,maintain,audit,and generally operate the DER devices.These DER information models are based on open-system language,semantics,services,protocols,and architect
23、ure,which have been standardized by IEC 61850,but they include some extensions to IEC 61850.,IEC 61850 Part 7-420:DER Integration into the Power System Information Infrastructure,DER systems involve the following aspects:Management of the interconnection between the DER units and the power systems t
24、hey connect to Monitoring and controlling the DER units as producers of electrical energy Monitoring and controlling the individual generators,excitation systems,and inverters/converters Monitoring and controlling the energy conversion systems(reciprocating engines,fuel cells,PV,and CHPs)Monitoring
25、and controlling the auxiliary systems(interval meters,fuel systems,and batteries)Monitoring the physical characteristics of equipment(temperature,pressure,heat,vibration,),IEC 61850 Part 7-420:DER Integration into the Power System Information Infrastructure,IEC 61850 Part 7-420:Functional Requiremen
26、ts for DER Information,Generation capacity Load following Power supply balancing Peak shaving Operating reserve Emergency backup generation Voltage support Var support,Intentional islanding Pollution credits Green power Defer construction of utility facilities DER products for sale DER services,Oppo
27、rtunities of Integrating DER with Utility Operations:,DER Owners Marketers or Energy Services Providers Distribution System Operators DER Operators Distribution System Maintenance,DER Device Maintenance DER System Distribution Power System Protection Telecommunications Maintenance,DER Stakeholders a
28、re the roles that different people or companies play in relation to each other with respect to the DER systems,both from a power system operational point of view and in the deregulated electricity marketplace.,IEC 61850 Part 7-420:Functional Requirements for DER Information,IEC 61850 Part 7-420:DER
29、Stakeholder Roles,IEC 61850 Part 7-420:Communications Configuration for a DER Plant,IEC 61850 Part 7-420:Conceptual Organization of DER Logical Devices and Logical Nodes,IEC 61850 Part 7-420:LNs for DER Plant ECP Logical Device,IEC 61850 Part 7-420:LNs for DER Plant ECP Logical Device,DCRP:DER plant
30、 corporate characteristics at the ECP(ownership,operating authority,contractual obligations and permissions,location,).DOPA:DER operational control authorities at the ECP(authority to open the ECP switch,close the ECP switch,change operating modes,).DOPR:DER plant operational characteristics at the
31、ECP(types of DER devices,types of connection,modes of operation,.)DOPM:DER operating mode at the ECP(Used to set available operating modes as well as actual operating modes.DPST:Actual status at the ECP(DER Plant connection status,alarms).DCCT:Economic dispatch parameters for DER operations XCBR,CSW
32、I:Switch or breaker at the ECP and/or at the load connection point(see IEC 61850-7-4)MMXU:Actual power system measurements at the ECP(see 61850-7-4)MITV:Interval metering information at the ECP.,IEC 61850 Part 7-420:LNs for DER Unit Controller Logical Device,The DER device controller logical device
33、defines the operational characteristics of a single DER device,regardless of the type of generator or prime mover.This DER device can contain the following Logical Nodes:DRCT:DER unit controller characteristics(what type of DER,electrical characteristics,ratings,)MMXU:DER self serve active and react
34、ive power measurements,IEC 61850 Part 7-420:LNs for DER Generation Logical Device,The DER generator logical device describes the generator characteristics of the DER unit.These generator characteristics can vary significantly,depending upon the type of DER device.The LNs in the DER Generator Logical
35、 Device could include:DGEN:DER generator operations DRAT:DER basic generator ratings DRAZ:DER advanced generator features DREX:DER excitation ratings DEXC:Excitation component of generator RSYN:Synchronization(See IEC 61850-7-4 with expected enhancements)DCST:Costs associated with generator operatio
36、n,IEC 61850 Part 7-420:LNs for DER Generation Logical Device,IEC 61850 Part 7-420:LNs for DER Excitation Logical Device,DER excitation comprises the components of a DER that handles the excitation systems used to start the generator.The LNs include:DREX:Excitation ratings DEXC:Excitation operations,
37、IEC 61850 Part 7-420:LNs for DER Inverter/Converter Logical Device(Informative),Some DER generators require rectifiers,inverters,and other types of converters to change their electrical output into end-user AC.The LNs for the inverter/converter logical device could include:YRCT:Rectifier for convert
38、ing alternating current to continuous,direct current(AC-DC)YINV:Inverter for converting direct current to alternating current(DC-AC)MMXN:Measurement of intermediate DC MMXU:Measurements of input AC(See IEC 61850-7-4)MMXU:Measurements of output AC(See IEC 61850-7-4),IEC 61850 Part 7-420:LNs for Speci
39、fic Types of DER(Informative),Logical Nodes for Reciprocating Engine Logical Device Logical Nodes for Fuel Cell Logical Device Logical Nodes for Photovoltaic System(PV)Logical Device Logical Nodes for Combined Heat and Power(CHP)Logical Device,IEC 61850 Part 7-420:LNs for Auxiliary Systems(Informati
40、ve),Logical Nodes for Interval Metering Logical Device Logical Nodes for Fuel System Logical Device Logical Nodes for Battery System Logical Device Logical Nodes for Physical Measurements,Application of the standard is already field-validated for substations(with high speed LANs),IEC 61850 Part 7-420:Experiences and Conclusion,TC57 WG17:Proposal for extension to Feeder and Network Equipment and for Distribution Monitoring,Extension to DERs is a nice theoretical exercise,but its time to test it.Coming soon:FENIX and MORE MICRGRIDS Projects,
