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1、建筑学、土木工程专业专业英语词汇二九年三月土木工程、建筑学专业英语词汇Aabbreviated tender system 简易招标程序ablution facility 沐浴设施absentee owner 非自住业主；在外业主abutment 桥台；拱座abutment deformation 桥台变形；拱座变形abutment pressure 桥台压力；拱座压力abutment wall 拱座墙；翼墙；桥座abutting end 邻接端abutting structure 毗邻构筑物accelerated cement 快凝水泥acceptance of tender 采纳投标书ac
2、cess 通道；出入口access bend 检修弯管access door 检修门；通道门access for residents 居民通道access ladder 通道竖梯access lane 进出路径access panel 检修门access point 入口处；出入通道处access ramp 入口坡道；斜道；斜通道access road 通路；通道access shaft 竖井通道access spiral loop 螺旋式回旋通道access staircase 通道楼梯access step 上落踏板；出入踏板access to the site 地盘出入口；工地出入口ac
3、cess tunnel 通道隧道accident loading condition 意外载荷条件accommodation value 楼面价acoustic lining 隔音板acoustic screen 隔音屏acoustic seal 防声封条acquisition 征用；收购acre 英亩acrylic coat 丙烯涂料acrylic lacquer 丙烯酸清漆acrylic paint 丙烯漆料；丙烯酸漆acrylic sheet 丙烯酸片；丙烯胶片active earth pressure 主动土压力active fault 活断层；活动断裂active to passiv
4、e ratio 动态与静态设施比例activity area 活动区activity space 活动场地actual building cost 实际造价actual plot ratio 实际地积比率adapt 改装；改建addition 扩建；加建；加入户籍additional building works 增补建筑工程additional fixture 固定附物additional vent 加设通风口adit 入口；通路；坑道口adjacent building 相邻建筑物adjacent land 相邻土地adjacent site 相邻地盘adjacent street 相邻街
5、道adjacent unit 相连单位adjoining building 毗邻建筑物admixture 外加剂；搀和剂advance drainage diversion 前期排水渠改道advance works 前期工程；早期工程advanced contract 前期合约aerial view 鸟瞰图；航测图age limit 楼龄上限aggregate 砂石；骨料；碎石aggregate structure 砂石结构；骨料结构aggregate superficial area 表面总面积aggregate usable floor space 总实用楼面空间aggregate-to-
6、cement ratio 砂石与水泥比例；砂灰比aggregate-to-lime ratio 砂石与石灰比例air cooling system 空气冷却系统；风冷系统air curtain fan 风帘风扇air damper 气闸；调节风门air distribution system 配气系统air distributor 空气分配器air dryer 空气干燥器air duct 风槽；通风管道；气槽air entrained cement 加气水泥air exhaust 排气口air filter 空气过滤器；风隔；隔尘网air filter chamber 空气过滤室air inl
7、et louvre 进气百叶窗air inlet port 进气口air intake filter 进气过滤器air line strainer 进气管道隔滤器air outlet 出风口air passage 风道air pipe 通气管；送气管air pressurization system 空气加压系统air restrictor 空气节流器air strainer 空气隔滤器；空气滤网air supply outlet 供气出口air survey 航空测量；空中测量air ventilator 空气通风器air void soil 空气孔隙；气隙泥土air-conditionin
8、g system 空气调节系统airshaft 通风竖井airy dry varnish 风干清漆alarm buzzer 警报器alignment 定线；线向；路线alignment plan road 路线平面图alignment survey 定线测量allocation standard 编配标准allowable bearing capacity 容许承载力allowable load 容许负载；容许载荷allowable settlement 容许沉降量allowable soil pressure 容许土压力allowable stress 容许应力；预计可承受的压力alloy
9、steel bar 合金钢筋条alluvial deposit 冲积土层；冲积物alluvial sand 冲积沙alluvium 冲积物；冲积层alteration 改动；改建altimeter 测高仪aluminium window 铝窗anchor rod 锚杆anchored force 锚固力ancillary car park 附设停车场ancillary works 附属工程angle bar 角铁angle fillet 角钢嵌条；三角焊缝angle frame 角钢框angle iron bracket 角铁托架；角铁支架angle of inclination 倾角angl
10、e of rupture 破裂角angle of shear 剪切角angle of shearing resistance 抗剪角aangular 棱角angular displacement 角位移angular velocity 角速度anticline 背斜；背斜层anti-corrosion paint 防蚀漆；防油anti-desiccant spray 抗干燥喷剂anti-nuisance provision 禁止滋扰规定anti-oxidizing paint 抗氧化漆anti-rust paint 防锈漆anti-skid device 防滑装置anti-skid facil
11、ity 防滑设施anti-skid material 防滑物料anti-vibration mounting 防震装置anti-vibration spring isolator 弹簧减震器approach 进路；引道；入口approach road 进路aqueduct 输水管道aquiclude 阻水层aquifer 含水层arch axis 拱轴arch crown 拱顶aarch rise 拱高architect 建筑师architectural decoration 建筑装饰architectural drawing 建筑图则architectural style 建筑风格artif
12、icial slope 人造斜坡asbestos fibre 石棉纤维asbestos gasket 石棉垫片as-built utility record 公用设施竣工图as-constructed drawing 竣工图；完工图aseismatic design 抗震设计asphalt 沥青；柏油assessed cost 评估成本assessment 估价；评估；已估价物业assets test 资产评审；资产审查assign 转让assignor 转让人；出让人associated retaining wall 有关挡土墙assumed load 假定载荷；计算载荷automatic
13、control switch 自动控制开关automatic voltage regulator 自动调压器available land 可用土地average land value 平均土地价值average strength 平均强度axial bearing capacity 轴向承压力axial compression 轴向压缩axial force 轴向力axial load 轴压；轴向载重axial strain 轴向应变axial stress 轴向应力axial tensile strength 轴向抗拉强度axial tensile test 轴向抗拉测试axial thru
14、st 轴向推力axisymmetric stress 轴向对称应力azimuth 极方位；极方位角Bbackfill 回填；回填土；回填料backup land 后勤土地；预留地baffle wall 遮挡墙balanced load 平衡载重balcony 露台balcony bar 露台铁栏baluster 栏杆柱balustrade 栏杆；扶手band drain 排水肩带；排水板；排水带bar tendon 钢筋barrier 栅栏；护栏；屏障barrier wall 围墙base 基座base course 路面下层；路基层；承重层base line 基准线；基线base plate
15、 底板；垫板base slab 底板；平底板base support 底座支架basement 地库；地窖；地下室basement tanking 地库防水层；地库防水工程basement wall 地库墙；地下室墙basic survey sheet 基本测量图basic terms offer 基本条款建议书basin 水槽；水坑；港池batching and mixing plant concrete 配料及拌合设备；配料及搅拌设备混凝土batching plant 混凝土配料机；混凝土配料厂bath tub 浴缸bathroom 浴室batten 板条；木方batter 倾斜batte
16、r leader pile driver 斜导架打桩机batter pile 斜桩bay window 凸窗；窗台bead 门窗压条；护条；护角；焊珠beam 梁；横梁；“阵”beam and slab structure 梁板结构bearer 承木；托梁bearing capacity 承载力bearing capacity factor 承载力系数bearing capacity of the ground 土地承载力bearing force 承重能力；承载能力bearing pad 承重垫片；支承垫片bearing pile 承重桩；支承桩bearing pin 支承栓钉bearing
17、 plate 承重板；支承板bearing post 支承柱bearing pressure 承压应力bearing stress 承载应力；支承应力bearing surface 承载面；支承面bearing test 承载测试bearing wall 承重墙bedding 垫层；层理；“打底”bedding layer 垫层bedrock 基岩；基层岩benchmark 水准点；基准点bending moment 弯矩；力矩bending schedule 弯钢筋表bending stiffness 弯曲刚度bending stress 弯曲应力betterment real estate
18、 增值不动产betterment charge 增值征费bill of variations 工程量更改清单binder 结合料；黏合物binding agent 黏合剂bit drill 钻头bitumen 沥青；柏油bitumen coat 沥青外搪层；沥青外衬bitumen lining 沥青内搪层；沥青衬里bituminous concrete 沥青混凝土bituminous friction course 沥青防滑层bituminous macadam 沥青碎石层道路bituminous material 沥青材料bituminous materials and aggregates
19、 testing 沥青材料及石料试验bituminous primer 沥青底涂料bituminous waterproof membrane 沥青防水膜blanking plate 封板blast 燃爆；爆破blast cleaning 喷砂清理；爆破清洁blast-furnace slag cement 炉渣水泥blasting site 燃爆工地；爆破工地blasting works 燃爆工程；爆破工程bleed off pipe 溢流管bleed screw 放气螺钉；减压螺钉blended cement 混合水泥blending control 混合控制blinding concre
20、te 基础垫层混凝土blinding layer 基础垫层；地基垫层blockwork 砖工；砖造物boatswains chair 工作吊板bolster 承枕；横撑bond strength 黏合强度bond stress 黏合应力booster pump room 增压泵房booster pumping station 增压抽水站booster water pump 增压抽水机；增压水泵bore 钻孔；内孔；内径bored pile 螺旋钻孔桩；钻孔灌注桩bored tunnel 钻挖的隧道borehole 钻孔；探土孔；挖孔boring 钻探；挖探borrow area 采泥区；采料区
21、；取土区borrow light 透光窗；气窗bottom layer 底层bottom level 底部标高bottom plate 底板boulder 砾石；巨砾；孤石boulder fence 防石栏boundary 界线；边界；界址boundary of works area 施工范围boundary survey 地界测量boundary wall 边界box foundation 箱形基础；箱形地基box girder 箱形主梁；箱形大梁box section 方形管；方通brace 撑杆；支撑braced structure 受横向支撑的结构；支撑结构bracing 支撑；斜撑；
22、加劲bracing structure 横向支撑结构；支撑结构bracket 托架；支架；撑架branch sewer 分支污水管brazing 铜焊；合金焊接breaking strain 断裂应变breaking strength 断裂强度；抗断强度breaking stress 断裂应力brick 砖brick course 砖层brick layer 砌砖工brick pier 砖柱brick works 砌砖工程brick-on-edge 侧置砖brick-on-edge wall 侧砖墙bridge abutment 桥台bridge cable 大桥的钢索bridge crane
23、 桥梁起重机；桥式吊机bridge deck 桥面板；桥板；桥面bridge deck level 桥面bridge deck unit 桥面组件；桥面构件bridge deck works 桥面工程bridge girder 桥主梁；桥大梁bridge pier 桥墩bridge tower 桥塔bridge works 桥梁工程bucket conveyor 斗式输送机buckling 压曲；压弯buckling load 压曲荷载；压曲临界荷载buffer area 缓冲地区；缓冲区buildability 建筑效益builder 建造商；承建商；土建承包人builders lift 建
24、筑工地升降机；施工用升降机building 建筑物；屋宇；大厦building area 建筑面积Building Authority 建筑事务监督building code 建筑守则；建筑规范building construction 建筑物建造；建筑营造building contract 建筑合约Building Cost Index 建筑成本指数building covenant 建筑规约building coverage 建筑物上盖面积building debris 建筑废料building design 建筑物设计；建筑设计building height 建筑物高度；楼宇高度buil
25、ding land 屋地；建筑用地building layout 建筑物平面图；大厦平面图building licence 建筑许可证；建筑牌照building line 建筑界线building lot 屋地；建筑用地building material 建筑物料building owner 建筑物拥有人；建筑物业主building plan 建筑图则building platform 建筑地台building regulations 建筑物规例Building Safety Inspection Scheme 楼宇安全检验计划building services 屋宇装备；屋宇设备buildi
26、ng site 建筑地盘；建筑工地building status 楼宇性质；屋宇性质Building Supervisor 屋宇监督Building Surveyor 屋宇测量师building volume 建筑物体积building works 建筑工程；屋宇建筑工程built form 建筑形式bund wall 墙bunded area 堤 保护区bungalow 平房burglar alarm and security installations publicworks category 防盗及保安装置burglar mesh 防盗网buried water-carrying ser
27、vice 地下带水管道burst strength 爆裂强度butt hinge 对接铰链butt joint 对头接；对接缝bypass 绕道；支管；旁通管bypass channel 溢流槽bypass pipe 旁通管Ccabinet 小室；贮存柜cable conduit 电缆管cable draw pit 电缆井；电缆沙井cable duct 电缆管道；电缆导管cable laying wagon 电缆敷设车cable route 电缆路线cable supported viaduct 悬索高架桥cable suspension bridge 钢索吊桥cable trunk 电缆干线
28、cable tunnel 电缆隧道cable wire 钢索cable-stayed bridge 斜拉桥caisson foundation 沉箱基础；沉箱地基call for tenders 招标camber 拱度cantilever 悬臂；悬臂梁capital works 基本建设工程；基建工程capping 封顶carbonation front of concrete 混凝土碳化表层carport 车位carrying capacity 运载量；载重量；承载能力Cartographer 制图师cartography 制图学case pile 套管桩casement window 竖铰
29、链窗casing 外壳；套管；框门窗cast iron 铸铁；生铁cast iron cover 铸铁盖cast iron pipe 铸铁管cast-in anchorage 浇注锚固casting basin 预制件工场；浇灌场casting cycle 浇注期casting yard 预制件工场；浇灌场cast-in-place 灌注；现场浇筑cast-in-place concrete foundation 灌注混凝土基础cast-in-situ 现浇；就地浇筑；原地铸造cast-in-situ concrete unit 现浇混凝土组件cast-in-situ pile 现浇桩catc
30、h pit 集水井；排水井catchment area 集水区；集水范围；集水面积catchment channel 引水道catch-water 引水道cavity wall 空心墙ceiling 天花板ceiling duct 屋顶通气管ceiling height 楼底高度ceiling slab 天花板cement 水泥cement board 水泥板cement concrete 水泥混凝土cement content 水泥含量；洋灰含量cement grouting 水泥灌浆cement injection 水泥灌注工程；灌注水泥cement mortar 水泥砂浆cement p
31、aint finish 水泥涂面；水泥涂料饰面cement plaster 水泥抹面；水泥批荡cement sheeting 水泥板块cementitious corrugated panel 水泥波纹板cement-sand mix 水泥砂浆central air-conditioning system 中央空气调节系central core of circulation 主要通道central heating apparatus 中央供暖设备centre line 中心线centric load 中心荷载centrifugal concrete pile 离心混凝土桩centrifugal
32、 filter 离心过滤器centrifugal load 离心荷载centrifugal pump 离心泵centroid 重心；形心ceramic tile 瓷砖cesspool 污水池characteristic compressive strength 特性抗压强度characteristic load 特征荷载characteristic strength 特征强度；抗压强度charge 押记；收费；抵押chase 凹槽；管槽chat 碎石check mechanism 制动装置check plate 垫板；挡板checklist for detailed design 详细设计核对
33、表chemical grouting 化学灌浆chilled air fan 冷风风扇chimney 烟囱；烟沟chimney breast 烟囱出口；烟囱管道chimney coping 烟囱盖顶chimney stack 烟囱circulation mode 循环模式cistern 水箱；冲厕水箱Civil Engineer 土木工程师Civil Engineering Conditions 土木工程规条civil engineering contract 土木工程合约Civil Engineering Department CED 土木工程署clay field pipe 瓦管clay
34、mineral 黏土矿物cleaning eye 通管孔；通渠孔；清理孔clear effective length 净有效长度clear glass 透明玻璃clear opening 净开口clear sheet glass 透明平板玻璃clear space 净空间clearance 清拆；清拆行动；相距空间clearance distance 净距离Clerk of Works 工程监督closed area 禁区closed cell elastomeric insulation 密封微孔泡沫橡塑隔热材料closed position 闭合的位置closed-circuit tele
35、vision CCTV 闭路电视coarse aggregate 粗砂石coarse ash tuff 粗粒凝灰岩coarse screening 粗筛coat 保护层；涂层coating material 涂盖物质cobble 卵石；鹅卵石cold reduced steel wire 冷轧钢丝collapse 崩塌；坍塌collapse load 损毁荷载；破坏荷载column柱commencement date 施工日期；动工日期commercial facility 商业设施commercial spine 商业地带common area 公用地方common corridor 公用走
36、廊common enclosure wall 公用围墙common room 公共休息室common waste pipe 共用废水管communal area 公用地方communal bathroom 公用浴室communal drain 公用排水渠；共用排水渠communal facility 公用设施communal toilet 公用厕所compacted concrete 压实混凝土compaction test 压实试验；压实测试compactor 压土机compartment wall 分隔墙complete overhaul 全面大修completed works 已完成的工
37、程completion by stages 分期完成completion date 竣工日期；完工日期；落成日期completion of works 竣工；完工complex 综合建筑物composite beam 复合梁；组合梁composite foundation 复合基础；复合地基composite pile 复合桩；混合桩composite sandwich construction 复合夹层结构composite steel plate 复合钢板composite wall 组合墙composite window 复合窗comprehensive category 必须安置类别c
38、ompression index 压缩指数compression joint 承压缝；承压接缝compression load 压缩荷载compression reinforcement 抗压钢筋；受压钢筋compression test 抗压测试compressive category 必须安置类别compressive strain 压缩应变compressive strength 抗压强度；抗压力度compressive stress 压应力；抗压应力concentrated load 集中载重；集中荷载conceptual design 方案设计；概念设计conceptual layo
39、ut 概念规划concrete agitator 混凝土搅拌车；混凝土拌合机concrete batching 配制混凝土concrete batching plant 混凝土配料设备；混凝土配料厂concrete block 混凝土砖concrete blockwork wall 混凝土块体墙concrete cover 混凝土保护层concrete cover to reinforcement 钢筋的混凝土保护层concrete crushing strength 混凝土抗压强度concrete foundation 混凝土基础concrete grade 混凝土等级concrete me
40、mber 混凝土构件concrete mix 混凝土拌合料；混凝土配合比；混凝土混合物concrete mixer 混凝土搅拌机；混凝土拌合机concrete pile 混凝土桩concrete pipe 混凝土管concrete placement 混凝土浇注concrete plinth 混凝土基座concrete pour works 混凝土浇灌工程concrete pump 混凝土泵concrete sample 混凝土样本concrete segment 混凝土组件concrete shelf 混凝土柜架concrete slab 混凝土板concrete strength 混凝土强
41、度concrete stress 混凝土应力concrete structure 混凝土结构；混凝土建造物concrete surround 混凝土围绕concrete technology 混凝土工艺；混凝土科技concrete test 混凝土测试concrete vibrator 混凝土振捣器concrete wall 混凝土墙concrete-lined 以混凝土筑砌衬层concreting 浇灌混凝土；浇筑混凝土confining stress 局限应力conservation of energy 节约能源consolidated drained triaxial compressi
42、on test 固结排水三轴压缩试验consolidation 固结；加固；沉积consolidation settlement 固结沉降consolidation test 固结试验construction 建造；构造construction access 施工通路construction control 施工控制construction cost 建筑成本；建筑费用；造价construction cost index 建筑费用指数Construction Environmental Impact Assessment 建筑工程环境影响评估construction fee 建筑费constr
43、uction floor area 建筑楼面面积construction industry 建造业construction joint 施工缝；施工接缝construction material 建筑材料construction sequence 施工程序；施工步骤construction site 建筑地盘；建造工地construction stage 施工阶段construction standard 建筑工程标准；建设标准construction vehicle 建筑车辆construction works 建造工程continuous beam 连续梁continuous footin
44、g 连续基脚；条形基础continuous load 连续荷载contraction crack 收缩裂缝contraction fissure 收缩裂纹contraction joint 收缩缝；收缩接缝contractor 承建商；承办商；承包商control list 监察清单conversion works 改建工程cooling system 散热系统；冷却系统copper tube 铜管corbel 梁托；翅托；托架core facility 核心设施core objective 核心目标core sample 土芯样本；岩芯样本corehole 钻孔coring 钻取土芯；钻取岩
45、芯cornice 飞檐corridor 走廊corrosion of the reinforcing steel 钢筋 蚀corrosion protection 锈蚀防护corrosion resistance 耐蚀性coupled shear wall 并联剪力墙cover layer 覆盖层covered drain 暗渠covered floor area 有盖楼面面积covered footbridge 有盖行人天桥covermeter 钢筋深度表；面层测厚仪coverway 廊道cowl 罩；盖；通风帽crane 起重机；吊机creep concrete 蠕变；徐变混凝土creep limit 蠕变极限creep load 蠕变荷载creep rupture 蠕变断裂creep settlement 蠕变沉降creep strain 蠕动应变creep strength 蠕变强度creeping speed 蠕变速度critical element 主要元
