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1、1.D2.B3.B4.C5.B 6.D 7.C 8.C 9.A 10.B11.C 12.A 13.C 14.C 15.C16. meanings 17.morphological, historical, usages 18. semantics, lexicography19.diachronic20. vocabulary 21 derivation position, compounds 23. Conversion 24 Blending (pormanteau) 25.clipping1.According to the degree of similarity, homonyms
2、can be classified into(d )A. perfect homonyms B. homonymsC. homophones D. all the above2.Transfer as a mode of semantic change can be illustrated by the example(b )A. ad for “advertisement” B. dish for “foodC. fond for “affectionate” D. an editorial for “an editorial article3.It is a general belief
3、that the meaning does not exist in the word itself, but it rather spreads over(b )A. the readers interpretation B. the neighbouring wordsC. the writers intention D. the etymology of the word4.Which of the following is a prefix of time and order?A. extra- B. pro- C. re- D. semi-5.Which of the followi
4、ng dictionaries is not a specialized dictionary?A. The Oxford Dictionary of English EtymologyB. Chambers Encyclopedic English DictionaryC. Longmont Dictionary of Phrasal VerbsD. Websters New Dictionary of Synonyms6.Which of the following statements is Not true?A. Reference is the relationship betwee
5、n language and the world.B. The relationship between a word and its referent is arbitrary. C. Concept is universal to all men alike. D. Sense denotes the relationships outside the language.7.The words which occur before or after a word and may affect its meaning form( ) A. physical context B. gramma
6、tical context C. lexical context D. linguistic context8.Smith is an architect. He designed World Trade Center. The clue provided in the context is( ) A. definition B. explanation C. example D. hyponym9.The term vocabulary is used in different ways because of all the following reasons EXCEPT that( )
7、A. it can refer to the common core of a language B. it can refer to the total number of the words in a language C. it can represent all the words used in a certain historical period D. it can stand for words in given dialect or field10.The idiom a dark horse is a( ) A. simile B. metaphor C. metonymy
8、 D. personification11.An idiom differs from a free phrase in that the former is ( ) and the latter is not. A. structurally changeable B. semantically analyzable C. structurally fixed D. easily understood12.We can work out the meaning of heliocentric and geocentric according to( ) A. morphological st
9、ructure B. relevant details C. grammatical structure D. physical context13.What causes the ambiguity of the sentence ”I like Mary better than Janet? ( ) A. Vocabulary B. Situation C. Structure D. None of the above14.Early Modern English refers to the language spoken( ) A. from 1066 to 1500 B. from 1
10、150 to 1500 C. from 1500 to 1700 D. from 1600 to 180015.Affixes added to the end of words to indicate grammatical relationships are known as ( ) A. bound roots B. free morphemesPart Two (10220)Directions: Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions 16.Lexicology is a branch of
11、 linguistics, inquiring into the origins and _ _ of words.17.English lexicology aims at investigating and studying the _ _ structures of English words and word equivalents, their semantics, relations, _ development, formation and _ _.18. English lexicology embraces other academic disciplines, such a
12、s morphology, _ _,etymology, stylistics, _ _.19. There are generally two approaches to the study of words , namely synchronic and _ _.20. Language study involves the study of speech sounds, grammar and_ _.21. Affixation is generally defined as the formation of words by adding word-forming or derivat
13、ional affixes to stem. This process is also known as_ 22.Compounding , also called _ _, is the formation of new words by joining two or more stems . Words formed in this way are called _ _.23. _ _ is the formation of new words by converting words of one class to another class.24. _ _ is the formatio
14、n of new words by combining parts of two words or a word plus a part of another word . Words formed in this way are called blends or_ _ words.25 A common way of making a word is to shorten a longer word by cutting a part off the original and using what remains instead. This is called _ _.26. diction
15、ary: Dictionary is a book which presents in alphabetical order the words of a language, with information as to their spelling, pronunciation, meaning usage, etc.27.pejoration: Degradation or pejoration of meaning is the opposite of semantic elevation. It is a process whereby words of good origin fal
16、l into ill reputation or non-affective words come to be used in derogatory sense.28. idioms nominal in nature: 1.Each idiom has a noun as the key word. 2. Each functions as a noun/also knows as noun idioms.29. Germanic: a term used to refer to a branch of the Indo-European language family, which con
17、sists of English, German, Dutch, etc.30. allomorph: one of the variants that realize a morpheme.Analyze and comment on the following.31. How do you distinguish inflectional affixes and derivational affixes?Derivational affixes change the meaning of the base(e.g.,create vs. creat-ive), while inflecti
18、onal affixes do not(e.g.,wait vs.wait-ed).32. Analyze the morphological structures of the following words and point out the types of the morphemes: unfriendly, interpersonal, foretelling.1.Each of the three words consists of three morphemes unfriendly(un+friend+ly), interpersonal(inter+person+al), f
19、oretelling(fore+tell+ing).2.All the rest are bound as none of them can stand alone as words.1. B 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. D 9. D 10. B 11. B 12. C 13. A 14. B15. C16 D 17.A 18.G 19.H 20.J 21.I 22.E 23.B 24.F 25.C1. Degradation can be illustrated by the following example A. lewd ignorant B. s
20、illy foolish C. last pleasure D. knave boy 2. Homophones are often employed to create puns for desired effects of: A. humour B. sarcasm C. ridicule D. all the above 3. The four major modes of semantic change are _. A. extension, narrowing, elevation and degradation B. extension, generalization, elev
21、ation and degradation C. extension, narrowing, specialization and degradation D. extension, elevation, amelioration and degradation 4. The use of one name for that of another associated with it is rhetorically called_. A. synecdoche B. metonymy C. substitution D. metaphor 5. Idioms adjectival in nat
22、ure function as _. A. adjectives B. attributes C. modifiers D. words 6. Grammatical context refers to _ in which a word is used. A. vocabulary B. grammar C. semantic pattern D. syntactic structure 7. In the idiom in good feather, we change good into high, full without changing meaning. This change o
23、f constituent is known as _ . A. addition B. replacement C. position-shifting D. variation 8. The word laconic is _. A. onomatopoeically motivated B. morphologically motivated C. semantically motivated D. etymologically motivated 9. CCELD is distinctive for its _. A. clear grammar codes B. language
24、notes C. usage notes D. extra columns 10.Which of the following words is NOT formed through clipping? A. Dorm B. motel C. Gent D. Zoo 11.Old English has a vocabulary of about _ words. A. 30,000 to 40,000 B. 50,000 to 60,000 C. 70,000 to 80,000 D. 80,000 to 90,000 12. _ are bound morphemes because th
25、ey cannot be used as separate words. A. Roots B. Stems C. Affixes D. Compounds 13. Besides French words, English also absorbed as many as 2,500 words of _ in the Middle English period. A. Dutch origin B. Danish origin C. Latin origin D. Greek origin 14. A word is a symbol that _ . A. is used by the
26、same speech community B. represents something else in the world C. is both simple and complex in nature D.shows different ideas in different sounds 15.Some words in the basic word stock are said to be stable because they _. A. are complex words. B. are technical words C. refer to the commonest thing
27、s in life. D. denote the most important concepts. Directions: Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) types of motivation 2) types of meaning.A B16. Onomotopooeic motivation ( ) A. tremble with fear17. Collocative meaning ( ) B. skinny18. Morphological motiv
28、ation ( ) C. slender19. Connotative meaning ( ) D. hiss20. Semantic motivation ( ) E. laconic21. Stylistic meaning ( ) F. sun (a heavenly body)22.Etymological motivation ( ) G.airmail23. Pejorative ( ) H. home24. Conceptual meaning ( ) I. horse and plug25. Appreciative meaning ( ) J. pen and aword26
29、.Translation loan: Translation-loans are words and expressions formed from the existing material in the English language but modelled on the patterns taken from another language. 27. Clipping: is a way of making new words which involves the shortening a longer word by cutting a part off the original
30、 and using what remains instead.28. Connotation: Conversion is the formation of new words by converting words of one class to another class.29. Aliens: are borrowed words which have retained their original pronunciation and spelling.30. Extra-linguistic context: refers to those situations and features which are not directly a part of the language in use but which either contribute in conveying a message or have an influence on language use.
