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1、 丽水学院毕业论文（2012届）题 目 An Analysis of the Distorted Male and Female Relationships in Sons and Lovers 指导教师 院 系 外国语学院英语系 班 级 英本084 学 号 姓 名 二一二 年 五 月 一 日An Analysis of the Distorted Male and Female Relationships in Sons and LoversChen ZhendanEnglish 2008Supervisor: He QingmangMay 1, 2012AcknowledgementsI
2、am wholeheartedly grateful to all who have helped me during my writing of this thesis. Their kindness and advice have made this work possible. I wish to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor He Qingmang, who closely read and polished the early draft of my thesis, and generously gave me inval
3、uable criticism and encouragement. Her effective advice, shrewd comments and quick corrections have kept the thesis in the right direction. I also owe much gratitude to Professor Yang Jie, Professor Shen Yugang, and many others, from whose thought-stimulating lectures and help, I have learned a lot.
4、 They have improved me in language and in research methodology and have shown me into the fascinating world of English language. I would also like to extend my gratitude to my classmates and friends, who generously gave me their encouragement. Last but not least, this thesis is dedicated to my dear
5、and lovely parents, whose tender support and deep affection have accompanied and will company me for ever. ContentsAcknowledgementsiContentsiiAbstractiii摘要ivOutlinev1. Introduction12. Lawrences exploration of male and female relationship32.1 His relationships with three women32.2 His ideals of male
6、and female relationship42.2.1 The relationship of healthy sexual interaction52.2.2 The relationship of dialectical unification63. Characteristics of the male and female relationships in the novel73.1 Distorted love between a son and his mother: Paul and Gertrude73.2 Absolute spiritual love without s
7、ex: Paul and Miriam103.3 Addiction to the sexual experience: Paul and Clara134. Significance of the depiction of these relationships154.1. Significance to the individuals154.2 Significance to the society and the whole civilization175. Conclusion19Works Cited21AbstractThis thesis discusses the distor
8、ted male and female relationships in Sons and Lovers based on Lawrences views on what is an ideal relationship. According to Lawrence, the ideal relationship mainly consists of two aspects: the involvement of healthy sexual interaction and the dialectical unification of men and women. These ideals a
9、re well reflected from the reverse side by the characteristics of the three pairs of relationships in the novel which are given in detail. The relationship between Gertrude and Paul is the distorted love of a mother to a son, which prohibits the normal development of the sons relations with his love
10、rs. Miriam and Paul love each other only spiritually. Clara and Paul only have physical communion. Thus, the depiction of these three abnormal relationships is significant. On the one hand, it helps the development of the individuals both mentally and physically. On the other hand, it provides the d
11、ehumanized modern society a way of coming back to nature and contributes to constructing a harmonious relationship. Key words: Lawrence; distorted relationship; healthy sexual interaction; dialectical unification摘要该论文依据劳伦斯的理想两性观讨论儿子与情人中扭曲的两性关系。就劳伦斯而言，理想两性关系主要包括两个方面：健康性爱的参与及男女双方辩证统一的关系。小说中的三对男女关系的特点从
12、反面很好地反映了理想的两性关系。吉特鲁德和保罗之间扭曲的母爱阻碍了保罗与情人之间正常的恋爱关系的发展，米丽安和保罗只有精神之爱，克莱拉和保罗则只有肉体交流。因此，这三对不正常关系的刻画具有重大意义。一方面，它有助于个人精神和身体的成长。另一方面，它为非人性化的现代社会提供回归自然的途径，有助于构建和谐的两性关系。关键词： 劳伦斯；扭曲的两性关系；健康性爱；辩证统一Outline1. Introduction2. Lawrences exploration of male and female relationship2.1 His relationships with three women2
13、.2 His ideals of male and female relationship 2.2.1 The relationship of healthy sexual interaction 2.2.2 The relationship of dialectical unification3. Characteristics of the male and female relationships in the novel 3.1 Distorted love between a son and his mother: Paul and Gertrude3.2 Absolute spir
14、itual love without sex: Paul and Miriam3.3 Addiction to the sexual experience: Paul and Clara4. Significance of the depiction of these relationships4.1 Significance to the individuals4.2 Significance to the society and the whole civilization5. Conclusion1. IntroductionD. H. Lawrence is a serious wri
15、ter who has always been concerned with the social status in the 20th century, though some of his works like Lady Chatterleys Lover have aroused controversial dispute among the public. Most of his works are profound social criticism of the industrial civilization, for its “ruthless violation of the h
16、uman soul, harnessing it to social, economic, and political commitments, and depriving it of its original, pious ability-the instinct to love in a pure and sincere way” (Chang, 2006: 407). As far as Lawrence is concerned, it is the industrial civilization which prescribes that the human nature of lo
17、ve should be suppressed and hidden that leads to the dehumanization of human nature and the dehumanizing relationship between men and women. Most of his works, to some degree, express his exploration on the male and female relationship. Lawrences exploration of male and female relationship starts fr
18、om his own life experiences. It goes through a long period of observation and creation. The first attempt of relating this topic is in the work White Peacock, which reflects the writers preliminary thinking on the physical love and spiritual love, whereas The Trespasser is the deepening of the topic
19、. The work Sons and Lovers is the one that probes into the dehumanizing male and female relationship. Compared with the three works mentioned above, Lady Chatterleys Lover is the deepest exploration of the ideal male and female relationship, which is realized by only the sexual interaction (Liu Hong
20、tao, 2007: 2-5). Among these representative books, Sons and Lovers is a typical book criticizing the industrial civilization for its dehumanizing effect on human mind, resulting in inharmonious relationships between men and women. It reflects some of Lawrences visions of how to save the dehumanized
21、society. Various perspectives of study have been given to this work. Some researchers have paid attention to the study of the male and female relationship in the novel. One of them is Zhou Liyang whose essay gives a detailed analysis of the reasons for the dissimilation of sexual relations in Sons a
22、nd Lovers. She owes the failure of love and marriage to the influence of modern social civilization and human nature weakness (2006: 145). Wang Xinchun and Kang Chunyan also make a research on the sexual relations from the perspective of sexual harmony based on the theory of psychology by Sigmund Fr
23、eud. They consider that the inharmonious sexual relationship is the cause of the tragedy of Paul and his mother. Their essay also relates quite detailed information about the relations of Gertrude and her son Paul, Paul and his two girlfriends. Another scholar Yin Jiming says a perfect relationship
24、in a marriage needs the bond of both spirit and body, and it should be presented by the abandonment of the old self and the appearing of a new self (2006: 165). He also reveals the significance of the relationships in his thesis. That is the exploration of the internal links of sex, industrial civil
25、ization, and sound human nature (2006: 166). However, their studies of the male and female relationship in the novel are either too simple or with insufficient details. Zhou Liyangs essay only gives the reasons for the dehumanization of the relationships between Paul and the three women in his life.
26、 As for Lawrences ideals of male and female relationship, she does give her vision. Nevertheless, its brief and not systematic. Wang Xinchun and Kang Chunyan also dont give a detailed analysis of Lawrences ideals of male and female relationship. The significance that they have pointed out is insuffi
27、cient and monotonous. The shortage of Yin Jimings essay lies in that it doesnt give a clear and detailed analysis of the characteristics of the relationships as it is not combined with the detailed analysis of the text itself. As none of the researches of these scholars have systematical studies on
28、Lawrences ideals of male and female relationship and the features of the abnormal relationships in Sons and Lovers, it is significant to further the study, which is what this thesis will deal with. In this thesis, Lawrences ideals of male and female relationships are employed as a theoretical basis
29、for the exploration of the characteristics of the distorted relationships in the novel. The discoveries of these characteristics can provoke people to think further how they can avoid similar tragedies and what they can do to maintain a well-balanced relationship, and simultaneously they can also ma
30、ke people have a better understanding of Lawrences inner world and ideal pursuit. Thats the major significance of the whole thesis.The thesis mainly consists of five parts. The first part is an introduction concerning the research background and the framework of the thesis. The second part deals wit
31、h Lawrences ideals of male and female relationship: the involvement of healthy sexual interaction and the dialectical unification of men and women, providing a theoretical basis for the later discussion. The third part gives a detailed analysis of the characteristics of the three pairs of abnormal r
32、elationships with a thorough combination of the text and Lawrences views on ideal relationship. The fourth part discusses the profound meaning of the depiction of the distorted relationships in the novel. The last part comes to a conclusion, in which what have been stated in the previous parts is st
33、rengthened. 2. Lawrences exploration of male and female relationshipLawrences research on the male and female relationship is not a rhapsody. It is based on his painful relationships with some important women in his life. His personal experiences impel him to reflect on what a perfect male and femal
34、e relationship is and how to achieve that. Thats what this part of the thesis will elaborate on.2.1 His relationships with three womenThree women decisively affected Lawrences life. They are his mother Lydia Lawrence, Jessie Chambers and Louie Burrows. Lydia Lawrence found her marriage life miserabl
35、e and her husband shared no common interest with her. Thus, she turned all her attention to her son William Ernest. Unfortunately, the brutal blow of her beloved son died of erysipelas complicated by pneumonia made Lydia withdraw into the state of being half dead. The fact that her youngest son Lawr
36、ence was being attacked by pneumonia made her aware that she couldnt afford to lose him again. After she succeeded in saving her sons life, she was so afraid of losing him that she began manipulating him with a love more than that of a mother, which was very suffocating to the growing-up Lawrence. T
37、his kind of monopoly didnt end until the death of the mother. It prohibited the growth of Lawrence into a mature man. As he said: “From the death of my mother, the world began to dissolve around me, beautiful iridescent, but passing away substanceless. Till I almost dissolved away myself, and was ve
38、ry ill” (qtd. in Salgado, 2005: 27).Another woman in Lawrences life is Jessie Chambers whom Lawrence met before the summer when William died. Jessie Chambers formed a quite intimate friendship with Lawrence. She found in him the same enthusiasm towards the things of mind. They read together whatever they could find including fiction, poetry, autobiography, history, philosophy and have the most pure exchange of ideas a
