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1、专题一 名词概念：表示人或事物名称的词，叫做名词。名词分两大类： 普通名词：是某一类人、某一类事物、某种物质或抽象概念的名称 。如：student学生 water水 machine机器 happiness 快乐 专有名词：是个人、团体、地方、机构或事物的名称，开头字母要大写 。如：Mike迈克 China中国 the Great Wall长城名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数之分，不可数名词一般不分单数和复数 。如： 可数名词： boy（单数） boys（复数）不可数名词： juice ， rice ， meat名词复数的构成法构成法读音例词在词尾加s1在清辅音后发s2在浊辅
2、音和元音后发z1deskdesks s2boyboys z在词末加es1以“x，s，ch ，sh”等结尾的名词后加es2以e结尾，直接加s （e）s读作iz1glassglasses izclassclasses iz2orangeorangesizhorse horsesiz如以f，fe结尾，则去f，fe加vesves读作vzknife knivesvzwife wivesvz以辅音字母加y结尾，则去y加iesies读作izbaby babies izparty parties iz以辅音字母加o结尾，则加eses读作zpotato potatoes ztomato tomatoesz但ra
3、dio， photo ，piano，则直接加s不规则名词变化法则 man men ；woman women ；toothteeth ；footfeet mousemice ； sheep sheep ；fish fish ；child children ；Chinese Chinese ；强化练习一、写出下列各单词的复数形式 。1. glass _ 2. family _ 3. wolf _ 4. country_ 5.radio_ 6. photo _ 7. fox _ 8.fridge _ 9.bus_ 10. box_ 11.watch_ 12.brush _ 13.policeman_
4、14.farm_ 15.fish_ 16.sandwich_ 17. apple _ 18.foot _19.ruler _ 20.tooth _二、选择填空。1This is _roomAJack and Lucy BJack and Lucys CJacks and Lucys DJacks and Lucy2She is a good _Astudent B students Cboy Dboys3I want two _A pencilbox Bpencilboxes Cpencilsbox Dpencilsboxes4How many _ do you have？A friend B
5、friends Cfriendes Dfriends5These _ are JudysAfish Bfishes Cfishs Dfishs6Look at those _ Achild Bchilds Cchildren Dchildrens7He has two big _ Aeye Beyes Ceyees Deyes8He is Jeffs _ Abrothers Bbrother Cbrotheres Dbrothers9 _is this pen ？ Its Wang Fangs AWhos BWhose CWhere DWhich10_birthday is September
6、 5thA. Her mother B. her mothers C. Her mothers D. Her mothers专题二 形容词一形容词的用法 形容词用来修饰名词,表示名词的属性 , 一般放在它所修饰的名词前 。例: a big garden ; an old picture 形容词也用来表示人或事物的性质、特征和状态。例: The ruler is long . The boy is tall . 形容词的比较级和最高级（比较级用于两者间的比较，最高级用于三者及三者以上的比较） 。例: He is taller than me . He is the tallest one in
7、our class.二规则形容词比较级和最高级的构成 一般情况下在词尾加er或est : taller , smallest 以e结尾的单词在词尾加r或st : larger , nicest 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，双写末尾字母加er或est : bigger ，thinnest 以辅音字母加y结尾的，要把y变为i后加er或est: heavier ，heaviest 双音节词和多音节词 , 在词前加more或most: more interesting ，most interesting三常见不规则形容词的比较级和最高级well /good better best ; much
8、 /many more mostbad / badly worse worst ; far farther farthest强化练习找出各组单词中与其他三个不属于同一类的一项。( ) 1. Abigger Byounger Clonger Ddriver( ) 2. Aweight Bhair Cfoot Darm( ) 3. AI Byou Cthan Dthey( ) 4. Along Btail Cbig Dheavy( ) 5. Ameter Bwhale Cbird Dshark请写出下列单词的比较级和最高级形式。1. tall ( ) 2. short ( ) 3. big ( )
9、 4. small ( )5.heavy ( ) 6. old ( )7. young ( ) 8.good ( )9.thin ( ) 10.strong ( )单项选择。（ ）1Who is _than you ？ Aheavy Bheavyer Cheavier（ ）2My arms are longer than _ Ayou Byour Cyours （ ）3My little sister is four years _ than me Asmall Byoung Cyounger（ ）4My fish is smaller than _ ATom BToms CToms（ ）5M
10、ike is 45kg He is _than John Athin Bthiner Cthinner（ ）6Amy is taller _ Sue Athan Bthen Cthat（ ）7I am bigger and _than you Astrong Bstronger Cstrongger（ ）8Your dog is smaller than _ Amine B my CI（ ）9How big are your _ ？ Afoot Bfeet Cfoots（ ）10He is a good _ Aswim Bswimer Cswimmer专题三 动词be动词1 表示存在状态的为b
11、e动词。在英语中有三种基本形式: am , is , are根据不同的主语要选用不同的be动词。如: I am ten years old Are you hungry ?注意: 如果句子主语是不可数名词 , 那么be动词要选用is 。如: The bread is for you2 在There be句型中,be动词的使用要和There be后的第一个单词相搭配。如: There is a pen , two rubbers and three ball pens in my pencil case There are two rubbers , a pen and three ball p
12、ens in my pencil case助动词： ( 如：do ，does，did ) 是动词的一类，表示可能，应该， 必须，愿望等意思。通常用在动词或形容词前边。 如：Does your mother work in the bank ？实义动词：即行为动词, 表示动作的动词。 如：work ，go ，hit情态动词表示能力、义务、必要、猜测等说话人的语气或情态。情态动词只能加动词原形构成谓语动词。小学阶段所学的情态动词有: can , may , must , should , need等。它们的否定式就是在其后面加not 。can not cant ; may not ; must n
13、ot mustntshould not shouldnt ; need neednt强化练习一 用适当的be动词填空。1. I _ a doctor 2Mike _ ill today 3. These_ new books 4Tom and I_ at school now 5. I _glad to see you 6_they your parents? 7. Look at this dog It_ lovely 8You and I _good friends9. A: What_ this in English? B: It _an egg 10There _ a banana a
14、nd two apples in the bag 11_there any water in the bottle ? 12Those girls _in the same class13There _two books and a pencil case in the bag14A: What_ your name ? B: My name _ Judy15 _this your sister ? 16The bread _for you 17Jack , Tom and I _ playing the piano 18Lucy _ a beautiful girl 19There_ fiv
15、e apples on the table20A: What_ those over there? B: They_ pears21We_ going to Shanghai tomorrow22My father_ a farmer 23Smoking _harmful to the health 24These_ red rubbers 25 _ you good at singing ? 二选择填空。1There_ a desk and two tables in the room Aam Bis C are D has2_ you help me ？ ACan BMay CMust D
16、Need3_there any bread in the fridge？ AIs BAre CAm DHas 4_ I have some soft drink，please ？ ACan BMay CMust DNeed5Why_ Ben late for school today ？ Aam Bis C are D has6_ you sing an English song ？ ACan BMay CMust DNeed7Perhaps there _ a new hospital Aam Bis C are D has8Where _ my camera ？ Aam Bis C are
17、 D has9You must _ this question Aanswer Banswers Canswered Danswering10You_ keep quiet in the library Acan Bmay Cshould Dneed 专题四 副词副词的分类 表示时间的副词：often , always ，usually ，early ，now ，yesterday， when等。例：He often helps me with my English I go to school earlier than Tom 表示地点的副词：here ， there ， over ， th
18、ere等。例：Come here ，please They are playing baseball over there 表示方式的副词：hard , well , badly , fast ，slow , quickly等。例：He studies very hard She does better in English than me 表示疑问的副词：how ， when ，where ， why等。例：How do you spell it ？ Where is my book ？ Why are you late for school ？ 表示程度的副词：very ， much ，
19、quite等。例：Thank you very much Tom can sing very well副词比较级和最高级的构成 一般情况加er或est：slower ，fastest 以e结尾加r或st：later，latest 以辅音字母加y结尾，去y加ier或iest：earlier，earliest 多音节副词前加more或most： more quickly，most quickly强化练习一. 选择填空。1I like him very_ Awell Bmuch Cbetter Dbest2Its time to go to bed I must finish my homework
20、_ Afast Bfaster Cquickly Dslowly3We_ to the park yesterday Ago Bwent Cgoes D going4How can I_ there ？ Aget Bgets Cgot Dgetting5 _ is my rubber？ Its in your bag AWhere BWhich CWhat DWhose6She does_ in Chinese than me Awell Bgood Cbetter Dbest7The old man swims _ than the young man Afast Bfaster Cearl
21、ier Dlater8I always _ to school early Ago B went C goes Dgoing 9Some students are _ football over thereAplays Bplaying Cplayed Dplayer10_ do you come home？ AWhere BWho CWhen DWhat二下列各句中均有一处错误，请将序号填入括号中，并改正。（ ）1What do Mike do yesterday？ _ A B C（ ）2He is more taller than me _ A B C （ ）3Are you do hom
22、ework now？ _ A B C（ ）4I get home early than Judy _ A B C （ ）5Tom often come home late _ A B C专题五 代词人称代词 第 一 人 称第 二 人称第 三 人 称单数复数单数复数单 数复数人称代词主 格 I we you you he she it they宾 格 me us you you him her itthem人称代词的用法 在句中作主语，用主格。 如： I am a teacher Are you OK？ 在动词和介词后作宾语，用宾格。 如： Please give me a pen 单数人称代词
23、连用时，其词序为：第二人称，第三人称和第一人称。如： you and I ； you and he ； he and I ； you ，he and I 复数人称代词连用时，其词序一般和汉语一样。 如： we and you ； you and they we，you ，they，he都用来泛指一般的人。 如： They say Mike is a good boy it用作人称代词，指动物或其他事物，有时也指人，尤指婴儿，小孩。如： I have a ballpen It is very niceWho is it ？ It is me it用作指示代词，表示“这”或“那”。如 ： How
24、far is it from here ？ Its about 1km away物主代词第 一 人 称第 二 人称第 三 人 称单数复数单数复数单 数复数物主代词形容词性 my our your your his her itstheir名词性mineoursyoursyours his hersitstheirs指示代词 表示“这个”，“那个”，“这些”，“那些”，等指示概念的代词叫做指示代词。有this ，that ，these ，those等。 this（these）一般用来指在时间和空间上较近的事物；that（those）则指较远的事物。如：This is a table That i
25、s a sofaThese books are theirs Those books are ours不定代词 凡不是用来指明代替特定名词的代词叫做不定代词。常见的有：both ，all ，some ，any ，every 。 both指两者“都” ；all指三者及三者以上“都” 。 如：Both of you are wrong All students are right some表示“一些，某些，某个” ，any表示“一些，任何” 。some 多用于肯定句中，any多用于否定句和疑问句中。如： There are some trees in the street Are there an
26、y trees in the street？ There arent any trees in the street 如果说话人希望得到肯定回答时，疑问句中可用some 。如：Would you like some coffee？ some还可用于表示请求和邀请的疑问句中。 如：Can I have some glue？ every表示“每一个” 可以和one ，body ，thing组合成everyone ，everybody ，everything 。当every及其复合词做主语时，后面动词要用第三人称单数形式。如： Everyone of this class does well in
27、Chinese Everybody is at school now Everything is good today反身代词 ： myself ，yourself ， itself / herself / himself ， ourselves ，yourselves ，themselves 另外：one的反身代词为oneself 有些动词需反身代词，如：dry ,cut, enjoy, hurt, help等。如：We enjoyed ourselves very much last night. 我们昨晚玩得很开心。 Please help yourself to some fish.
28、请你随便吃点鱼。 用于及物动词+宾语+介词，如take pride in, be annoyed with 等 。 如：I could not dress（myself）up at that time. 那个时候我不能打扮我自己。 强化练习用所给词的适当形式填空。1That isnt _ kiteThat kite is very small , but _ is very big ( I )2The dress is _Give it to _ ( she )3Is this _ watch ? ( you ) No , its not _ ( I )4 _is my brother_ na
29、me is JackLook! Those stamps are _ ( he )5 _ dresses are red ( we ) What color are _? ( you )6 Here are many dolls, which one is _ ? ( she )7 I can find my toy , but wheres _? ( you )8Show _ your kite, OK? ( they )9 I have a beautiful cat _name is MimiThese cakes are_ ( it )10Are these _ tickets? No
30、, _ are not _ ( they) 11Shall _have a look at that classroom？That is _ classroom ( we )12_ is my aunt Do you know _ job? _ a nurse ( she) 13That is not _ camera _is at home ( he )14 Where are _? I cant find _ Lets call _parents ( they ) 15 Dont touch _ _ not a cat , _ a tiger! （it）16_sister is ill (
31、 she )17 _ dont know her name Would you please tell _ ( we )18 So many dogs Lets count _( they )19 I have a lovely brother _ is only 3 I like _ very much( he )20 May I sit beside _? ( you )21 Look at that deskThose books are on _ ( it )22 The girl behind _ is our friend(she ) 专题六 冠词冠词的分类冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词
32、。不定冠词a，an a ，an均用在单数名词前，表示某类人和事物中的“一个”，相当于汉语的“一”，但不强调数目。 a用在辅音前，an用在元音前。如：a boy ，a book ， an egg ， an apple1 不定冠词的用法 用法例词或例句指人或事物的某一种类。China is a very interesting countryIt is an egg 指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。We work six days a week Is there a bank near here ？表示“一”这个数量，但数的概念没one强烈。I have a mouth，a nose and
33、 two eyes用于某些固定的词组中。a little ， a few ， a lot of2 定冠词the的用法用法例词或例句特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。The book on the desk is mine（特指桌上的那本书）指双方都知道的人或事物。Shall we meet at the bus station？（双方都知道的那个汽车站）指上文提过的人或物。一 What is this ？二 It is a bag The bag is mine（这个包即上文提到的那个包）用在世界上独一无二的事物前。The sun is bigger than the moon用在序数词和形容词最
34、高级前。My house is on the first floor of the buildingShanghai is the biggest city of China在乐器名称前。Can you play the piano？用在一些习惯用语中。on the left，on the right，in the morning3 不用冠词的情况用法例词或例句名词前有this，that ，my，your，some，any，each，every等代词时。This is my hatI love every book在星期，月份，季节，节日前。Today is SundaySpring is comingThere is thirty days in June在称呼语，头衔和职务等名词前。Mr Black is a doctor在一日三餐前。What did you have for supper？After lunch ，we are going to the zoo在球类运动的名称前。Can you play baseball？Do you play tennis？用在
