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1、Unit 1 The Scientist. Suggested Teaching Plan OBJECTIVESStudents will be able to:1. grasp the main idea and structure of the text;2. appreciate the use of flashback as well as subheadings to indicate the chronological order in narration;3. master the key language points and grammatical structures in
2、 the text;4. conduct a series of listening, reading, speaking and writing activities related to the theme of the unit.Time allotment1st period2nd period3rd period4th period5th periodPre-reading; While-reading (chronological order; Part I)While-reading; (Parts II-VI)While-reading; Post-reading (accep
3、tance speech)Post-reading; Check on Ss home reading (Text B)Theme-Related Language Learning TasksPRE-READING TASKS1.T asks Ss the following questions on the recording: (5 minutes) What are the mysteries the speaker talks about in John Nashs case? (two mysteries of the human mind genius and madness)
4、According to the speaker, what kind of ability does John Nash have when he is faced with a mathematical problem? (Not very long after he started thinking about a problem, he would have just a very clear vision of where the solution lay, though it might take a year or two to get there.)2.Discussion:
5、The “Eccentric” Scientists I Know (25 minutes)Ss divide into groups to talk about some anecdotes they have heard about scientists that can well illustrate their deviation from “normality”.1) In groups Ss sum up some common “eccentricities” of scientists.2) Several groups report to class.3) T leads i
6、n to Text A by saying: Not only did John Nash possess some of the “eccentricities” you have mentioned, but he was also repeatedly hospitalized for mental disorder. Thanks to a loving and tolerant community, he was able to recover and reap honors and recognition.While-reading tasks1. T asks Ss to rea
7、d aloud the 5 subheadings in the text in succession. Then they will realize that the life story of John Nash is told in chronological order. (5 minutes)2. T explains the language points in Part I and has Ss practice them, (see Language Study) (20 minutes) 3. Ss discuss why the introduction part (Par
8、t I) isnt arranged in chronological order (Text Analysis Exercise 4). (5 minutes)4. T explains the language points in the remaining text and has Ss practice them, (see Language Study). (45 minutes)5. T asks Ss the following questions: Do you think the title of the text the best possible title? Why o
9、r why not? Can you offer alternative titles? (One possible answer: The text is about Nashs life so far, not just his lost years.) (10 minutes)POST-READING TASKS1.Nobel Prize Acceptance Speech (25 minutes)1) Ss prepare individually for an imaginary speech given by John Nash at the Nobel prize awardin
10、g ceremony, in which he expressed gratitude to all those who had supported him.2) Several Ss give their respective speeches in front of the class.2. T guides Ss through some after-text exercises. (35 minutes)3. T checks on Ss home reading (Text B). (3 minutes)4. Ss do Part IV: Theme-Related Language
11、 Learning Tasks. (1 period)5. T asks Ss to prepare for the next unit: (2 minutes)1) do the pre-reading task;2) preview Text A. Cultural Notes1. Alfred Bernhard Nobel (1833-1896): Swedish chemist, inventor, and philanthropist, born in Stockholm. After receiving an education in Saint Petersburg, Russi
12、a, and in the United States, where he studied mechanical engineering, he returned to Saint Petersburg to work under his father, developing mines, torpedoes, and other explosives. In a family-owned factory in Heleneborg, Sweden, he sought to develop a safe way to handle nitroglycerin, after a factory
13、 explosion in 1864 killed his younger brother and four other people. In 1867 Nobel achieved his goal; by using an organic packing material to reduce the volatility of the nitroglycerin, he produced what he called dynamite. He later produced ballistite, one of the first smokeless powders. At the time
14、 of his death he controlled factories for the manufacture of explosives in many parts of the world. His will provided that the major portion of his $9 million estate be set up as a fund to establish yearly prizes for merit in physics, chemistry, medicine and physiology, literature, and world peace.
15、(A prize in economics has been awarded since 1969.)2. Nobel prizes: annual monetary awards granted to individuals or institutions for outstanding contributions in the fields of physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, international peace, and economic sciences. The Nobel prizes are in
16、ternationally recognized as the most prestigious awards in each of these fields. The prizes were established by Swedish inventor and industrialist Alfred Bernhard Nobel, who set up a fund for them in his will. The first Nobel prizes were awarded on December 10, 1901, the fifth anniversary of Nobels
17、death.A prize for achievement in a particular field may be awarded to an individual, divided equally between two people, or awarded jointly among two or three people. According to the Nobel Foundations statutes, the prize cannot be divided among more than three people, but it can go to an institutio
18、n. A prize may go unawarded if no candidate is chosen for the year under consideration, but each of the prizes must be awarded at least once every five years. If the Nobel Foundation does not award a prize in a given year, the prize money remains in the trust. Likewise, if a prize is declined or not
19、 accepted before a specified date, the Nobel Foundation retains the prize money in its trust.The prize amounts are based on the annual yield of the fund capital. In 1948 Nobel prizes were about $32,000 each; in 1997 they were about $1 million each. In addition to a cash award, each prizewinner also
20、receives a gold medal and a diploma bearing the winners name and field of achievement. Prizewinners are known as Nobel laureates.The prizes are presented annually at ceremonies in Stockholm, Sweden, and in Oslo, Norway, on December 10, the anniversary of Nobels death. In Stockholm, the king of Swede
21、n presents the awards in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and economic sciences. The peace prize ceremony takes place at the University of Oslo in the presence of the king of Norway. After the ceremonies, Nobel prize winners give a lecture on a subject connected with their pri
22、ze-winning work. The winner of the peace prize lectures in Oslo, the others in Stockholm. The lectures are later printed in the Nobel Foundations annual publication, Les Prix Nobel (The Nobel Prizes).3. game theory: mathematical analysis of any situation involving a conflict of interest, with the in
23、tent of indicating the optimal choices that, under given conditions, will lead to a desired out come. Although game theory has roots in the study of such well-known amusements as checkers, ticktacktoe, and poker hence the name it also involves much more serious conflicts of interest arising in such
24、fields as sociology, economics, and political and military science.Aspects of game theory were first explored by the French mathematician emile Borel, who wrote several papers on games of chance and theories of play. The acknowledged father of game theory, however, is the Hungarian-American mathemat
25、ician John von Neumann, who in a series of papers in the 1920s and 30s established the mathematical framework for all subsequent theoretical developments. During World War II military strategists in such areas as logistics, submarine warfare, and air defense drew on ideas that were directly related
26、to game theory. Game theory thereafter developed within the context of the social sciences. Despite such empirically related interests, however, it is essentially a product of mathematicians.Applications of game theory are wide-ranging and account for steadily growing interest in the subject. Von Ne
27、umann and Morgenstern indicated the immediate utility of their work on mathematical game theory by linking it with economic behavior. Models can be developed, in fact, for markets of various commodities with differing numbers of buyers and sellers, fluctuating values of supply and demand, and season
28、al and cyclical variations, as well as significant structural differences in the economies concerned. Here game theory is especially relevant to the analysis of conflicts of interest in maximizing profits and promoting the widest distribution of goods and services. Equitable division of property and
29、 of inheritance is another area of legal and economic concern that can be studied with the techniques of game theory.In the social sciences, game theory has interesting uses in studying, for example, the distribution of power in legislative procedures. This problem can be interpreted as a three-pers
30、on game at the congressional level involving vetoes of the president and votes of representatives and senators, analyzed in terms of successful or failed coalitions to pass a given bill. Problems of majority rule and individual decision making are also amenable to such study.Sociologists have develo
31、ped an entire branch of game theory devoted to the study of issues involving group decision making. Epidemiologists also make use of game theory, especially with respect to immunization procedures and methods of testing a vaccine or other medication. Military strategists turn to game theory to study
32、 conflicts of interest resolved through “battles” where the outcome of a given war game is either victory or defeat.4. Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750): German organist and composer of the baroque era, one of the greatest and most productive geniuses in the history of Western music.5. Carl Friedric
33、h Gauss (1777-1855): German mathematician and astronomer; also noted for his wide-ranging contributions to physics, particularly the study of electromagnetism.6. John von Neumann (1903-1957): Hungarian-American mathematician who developed the branch of mathematics known as game theory.7. Robert Lowe
34、ll (1917-1977): a U.S. poet who won Pulitzer Prizes for two books of poems, Lord Weary s Castle (1946) and The Dolphin (1973). His other collections include Life Studies (1959), For the Union Dead (1964) and Day by Day (1977). Lowell used “confessional poetry” to write about his problems and his unh
35、appy marriages. He also wrote plays and translated the work of European poets. 8. Harlow Shapley (1885-1972): American astronomer, known for his study of the galaxy. Language Study1. award: sth. such as a prize or money given to sb. to reward them for sth. they have doneExamples: In addition to a ca
36、sh award, each prizewinner also receives a gold medal and a diploma bearing the winners name and field of achievement.Released in 1997, Titanic won eleven Academy Awards, including Best Picture, Best Director, and Best Film Editing.vt. officially give sb. sth. such as a prize or money to reward them
37、 for sth. they have done Examples: Einstein was awarded the Nobel prize for his work in physics. The university awarded him a scholarship.The first Nobel prizes were awarded on December 10, 1901, the fifth anniversary of Nobels death.2. single out: choose from a group for special attention, esp. cri
38、ticism or praiseExamples: The report singles out Mr. Clarke and Mr. Smith for special criticism.His company was singled out as the most successful small business in the region.3. devastate: destroy completelyExamples: The terrorists attack devastated the residential area. The floods devastated acres
39、 of farmland.4. hellish: extremely difficult or unpleasant; like hellExamples: I had a hellish day at work.I dont want to go through a hellish experience like that again.5. delusion: a false or mistaken belief, especially one that may be a symptom of mental disturbance.Examples: Delusions are a type
40、 of psychotic symptom that indicates a person has lost contact with reality. Hes under the delusion that he will be promoted this year.6. scribble: write hastily or carelesslyExamples: I scribbled his phone number in my address book.Ill just scribble Dad a note / scribble a note to Dad to say were g
41、oing out.7. distort: twist; misrepresentExamples: My original statement has been completely distorted by the media. She distorts and misreports everything I told her.8. die down: become gradually less strong, loud, noticeable, etc.Examples: When the applause had died down he started to speak.Eventua
42、lly the fuss will die down and everything will return to normal.9. on / at one level. (on / at another level) (used when speaking about two opposite ways of thinking about sth.)Example: On one level I quite like the attention but on another level, I suppose I find it a bit disturbing.10.play tricks
43、on: confuse sb. or cause problem for themExamples: I thought I heard something my ears must have been playing tricks on me.Fate played cruel tricks on him when he was badly injured in his first international game.11.sensation: feeling (as of heat or pain) coming from the sensesExamples: I had no sen
44、sation of pain whatsoever.The disease causes a loss of sensation in the fingers.12.dimension: aspect, element; a measure of spatial extentExamples: His personality has several dimensions.There is a spiritual dimension to her poetry.Please specify the dimensions (= the height, length and width) of th
45、e room.13.loyal: true or faithful to ones friends, group, country, etc. (followed by to; the opposite is disloyal)Examples: Peter has been a loyal worker in this company for almost 40 years. Shes very loyal to her friends.14. The sister who . The loyal wife who. The economist who . Princeton itself:
46、 All these sentences are elliptical sentences. The structure “There is” is omitted before each sentence.15. electrical: of, relating to, or operated by electricityExamples: This store sells fridges, washing machines and other electrical goods. They found that the breakdowns were caused by electrical
47、 faults.16. supervise: watch over (work or other activity of a person)Examples: The children play while two teachers supervise (= make certain that they behave correctly and are safe). The UN is supervising the distribution of aid by local agencies in the disaster area.17. awkward: lacking ease or g
48、race (as of movement or expression)Examples: His movements were slow and awkward.Alice made an awkward gesture with her hands.18. fellowship: an amount of money given to postgraduates to enable them to study a subject at an advanced levelExamples: He has applied for a research fellowship. We give three research fellowships a year.19. fad: a short-lived but keenly followed interest or practiceExamples: There was a fad for wearing ripped jeans a few years ago.Taking cold baths is one of those health fads that come and go.20. logical: of, relating to, in
